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1、International Standard ( 6983 /I 0 1 4 4l ,NTERNATlONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION*MEKYHAPOHAR OPTAHH3AL,MR nDCTAHAAPTM3AUklkWORGANlSATlON INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATIDN Numerical control of machines - Program format and definition of address words - Part 1 : Data format for positioning, line
2、 motion and contouring control systems Commande numbrique des machines - Format de programme et dbfinition des mots adresses - Partie 1 : Format de don d) to reduce the difference in programming between dif- ferent machine/control units; e) to provide guidelines for achieving program inter- changeab
3、ility between machines of similar capacity; f) to include the preparatory and miscellaneous codes. This International Standard will consist of several parts; for the moment there are two parts : part 1, the details of data format, and part 2, the preparatory and miscellaneous codes. 1 Scope and fiel
4、d of application This part of IS0 6963 specifies requirements and makes recom- mendations for a data format for positioning, line motion and contouring control systems used in the numerical control of machines. This International Standard helps the co-ordination of system design in order to minimize
5、 the variety of program manuscripts required, to promote uniformity of programming techniques, and to foster interchangeability of input programs between numerically controlled machines of the same classification by type, process, function, size and accuracy. It is intended that simple numerically c
6、ontrolled machines be pro- grammed using a simple format, which is systematically exten- sible for more complex machines. This International Standard is not intended for use in special- ized case of numerically controlled flame cutting machines and drafting machines used specifically and exclusively
7、 in the shipbuilding industry. In this specialized application a related format, the “ESSI Format”, is specified in IS0 6562. The purpose of this revision of International Standards is : 2 References a) to consolidate the previous format standards into one International Standard for positioning, lin
8、e motion and con- touring systems; b) to remove outmoded provisions of the previous Interna- tional Standards, where feasible; This part of IS0 6963 requires, and is based upon, confor- mance to the International Standards cited below, with the fur- ther requirements that character coding shall be s
9、elected to provide even parity and the characters used shall be limited to those identified in annex A of this part of IS0 6963. 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007
10、 09:19:26 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 6983/l-1982 (El IS0 646, 7-bit coded character set for information processing interchange. 1) IS0 641, Numerical control of machines - Axis and motion nomenclature. IS0 2806, Numerical control of machines - Vocab
11、ulary. IS0 696312, Numerical control of machines - Program format and definition of address words - Part 2 : Coding and maintenance of preparatory functions G and universal miscellaneous functions M. 2) When punched tape is used, the following International Stan- dards are also used : IS0 1154, Info
12、rmation processing - Punched paper tape - Dimensions and location of feed holes and codes holes. IS0 1729. Information processing - Unpunchedpaper tape - Specification. IS0 6562, Shipbuilding - Numerical control of machines - ESSI format.2) 3 Program format 3.1 The machine program shall be in blocks
13、 of data, which are sets of commands to the control system. A block shall con- sist of a number of words each of which is a specific instruction to the control system. 3.2 A character designated “end of block” shall terminate every block of data and in addition shall precede the first block of data.
14、 3.3 A “program start” character shall precede all control data including “end of block”. It is recommended that it should be used as an “absolute rewind stop” character. 3.4 All alphabetic, numeric and special characters shall con- form to annex A. Those characters required for reproducing a hard c
15、opy of the machine program, listed in annex A as “non- printing characters” shall be ignored by the control equipment, with the exeception of the LF/NL (end of block) character. 3.5 If there is any group of characters that is not to be pro- cessed in accordance with this part of IS0 6983, this group
16、 shall be within parenthesis characters. Any such group shall not contain either : I:” or “%I characters. This group may be processed for display purposes, for example as instructions to an operator. 3.6 Where it is necessary to identify a machine program, this identification should be placed immedi
17、ately after the program start character and before the first “end of block” character. If the identification contains alpha characters, the entire iden- tification should be enclosed within parentheses. If the pro- gram number is greater than the system can store or display, the least significant di
18、gits shall be displayed. 3.7 It is recommended that the alignment code should be used at all positions in the program at which it is permissible to start the machine sequence. When used, this code shall be as defined in 5.3.1.1. The alignment function character I:” may be used as an in- termediate r
19、ewind stop character. 3.8 The “/I (slash) character shall be used to provide an “op- tional block skip” function validated at the option of the operator. When used, this character shall immediately precede the “sequence number” word. 3.9 A general classification of the format shall be used to detail
20、 the capabilities of a system and machine configuration. This is called the general format classification and is defined in annex B. 3.10 A classification of the data in a block shall be used to specify the programming detail for a system and machine con- figuration. This is called the detailed form
21、at classification and is described in annex C. 3.11 Either metric or inch units of length shall be used. 3.11.1 When a system has the ability to use machine pro- grams which have been prepared in either system of measure- ment, preparatory codes shall be used to signify whether the coded data is in
22、metric or inch values. 3.112 The mode of the control shall be selected by one of the following G codes : - G70 inch data input; - G71 metric data input. 4 Format make-up 4.1 A block of data shall consist of the following : a) the sequence number word; b) the data words. 4.1.1 Tab characters, which a
23、re optional for the tabulation of a printed copy of the data, may be inserted between the words but shall be ignored by the control system. 1) See annex A. 2) At present at the stage of draft 2 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=N
24、ASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:19:26 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 6983/l-1982 (EI 4.2 The data words shall be presented in the following se- quence and shall be not repeated within one block. However, existing contr
25、ol systems may permit the repetition of non- dimensional words but it is recommended for maximum machine program interchangeability that this facility should not be used. a) the preparatory word; b) the “dimension” words. These words shall be arranged in the following sequence : X, Y, Z, U, V, W, P,
26、 0, R, A, B, c; C) “the interpolation or thread cutting lead words” I, J and K. These words applying only to a specific group of axes shall immediately follow that group. The words shall con- form in detail to paragraphs 6 or 10; d) the “feed function” word or words. The feed function word applying
27、to one or more of several axes shall follow the last dimension word to which it applies and immediately follow the applicable interpolation parameter words. The word shall conform in detail to 5.3.3: e) the “spindle speed function” word; f) the “tool function” word or words; g) the “miscellaneous fu
28、nction” word. 4.3 Words may be omitted in a specific block of data. This should be understood as meaning that there is no change in the condition of the machine with respect to the function denoted by the omitted word. Therefore, the “end of block” character may be used after any complete word. Inst
29、ructions that are in- herently executed in a single block shall be repeated whenever necessary. 5 Words 5.1 All words 5.1 .l The address character shall be the first in the word and it shall be followed by an algebraic sign, if required, and then by digital data. 5.1.2 The address character shall be
30、 in accordance with an- nex A. 5.1.3 The implicit position of the decimal sign shall be defined by the detailed format classification, see annex C. All control systems shall accept implicit decimal sign programming. 5.1.4 Optionally also, the decimal sign character may be recognized. Implicit decima
31、l sign and explicit decimal sign format shall not be mixed in any machine program. In the explicit decimal sign format mode, words from which the decimal sign is missing shall be interpreted as whole numbers. The procedure for recognition of explicit decimal sign format shall be defined in the detai
32、led format classification, annex C. 5.1.5 In order to reduce the amount of data with the implicit decimal sign format, either leading zeros only, or trailing zeros only, shall be omitted. NOTE - It is recommended that leading zeros should be omitted. Zero omission shall be specified in the detailed
33、format classification (see C.2.1). With explicit decimal sign format both leading zeros before the decimal sign and trailing zeros after the decimal sign may be omitted. For example X1030 represents a dimension of 1 030 mm in the X-axis. X.03 represents a dimension of 0.03 mm in the X-axis. In eithe
34、r decimal format, a dimension containing only zeros shall be expressed by at least one zero. 5.2 Dimension words 5.2.1 It shall be possible to use both absolute dimension words and incremental (relative) dimension words. The mode of the control shall be selected by one of the following G codes : - G
35、90 absolute dimension; - G91 incremental dimension. 5.2.2 All linear dimensions shall be expressed in millimetres or inches and decimal fractions thereof. 5.2.3 Angular dimensions shall be expressed either in degrees and decimal parts thereof, or in decimal parts of a revolution. NOTE - The use of d
36、egrees and decimal parts of a degree, is recom- mended for the expression of all angular dimensions. 5.2.4 The algebraic sign (+ or -1 is part of the dimension word, and shall follow the address character and shall precede the numerical character. If the sign is omitted, a plus f + 1 sign shall be a
37、ssumed. The control system shall use the negative sign for a negative absolute dimension word and for a negative direction movement with an incremental word. 5.2.5 The resolution of the linear and angular dimensions used in the program shall be defined by the detailed format classification (see anne
38、x Cl. 5.3 Non-dimensional words 5.3.1 Sequence number The number of digits shall be specified by the detailed format classification, see annex C. If sequence number word in a machine program contains more digits than are specified by a particular control equipment, the least significant digits shall
39、 be displayed. 3 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/21/2007 09:19:26 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 6983/1-1982(E) 5.3.1.1 It
40、is recommended that at all positions in the program at which it is permissible to start a machine sequence, the align- ment code should replace the sequence number address character. 5.3.2 Preparatory function It shall be expressed by a coded number. For designation see part 2 of IS0 6963. 5.3.3 Fee
41、d function The number of digits shall be designated by the detailed format classification (see annex C). Selection of the type of feed function associated with 5.3.3.1 to 5.3.3.4 shall be by the following preparatory (G) codes, detail- ed in part 2 of IS0 6963. - G93 Inverse time; - G94 Feed per min
42、ute; - G95 Feed per revolution. 5.3.3.1 It is recommended that when the feed is independent of spindle speed, the digits should represent directly the vec- torial motion in millimetres per minute or inches per minute. 5.3.3.2 It is recommended that when the feed is dependent on spindle speed, the di
43、gits should represent directly the vec- torial motion in millimetres per revolution or inches per revolu- tion. 5.3.3.3 It is recommended that when the feed is applied to a rotary motion only, the digits should represent directly the vec- torial motion in degrees per minute. 5.3.3.4 When simultaneou
44、s interpolation in both linear and rotary axes are possible, independent of spindle speed, the rate of vectorial motion may be expressed as a feed command. This feed command shall be the reciprocal of time in minutes to ex- ecute the block and is equivalent to the vector velocity (ex- pressed in mil
45、limetres or inches per minute) divided by the vec- tor distance of the tool path (expressed in millimetres or inches). taneously with the principal axes shall use the E character as address for the feed word. 5.3.3.7 As an alternative to the recommended practice, the feed function may consist of a t
46、wo (2) digit code with increas- ing arbitrary values of feed rate represented by increasing code number. 5.3.4 Spindle function The number of digits shall be designated by the detailed format classification (see annex C). Where necessary, selection of the type of spindle speed func- tion shall be ma
47、de by the following preparatory (G) codes, detailed in part 2 of IS0 6963. - G96 Constant surface speed; - G97 RPM. 5.3.4.1 It is recommended that when the digits represent RPM they shall represent directly the spindle rotation in revolu- tions per minute. 5.3.4.2 When the digits represent surface s
48、peed (see 11.11, the digits shall represent metres per minute or feet per minute. 5.3.4.3 As an alternative to the recommended practice, the spindle function may consist of a two (2) digit code, with in- creasing arbitrary values of spindle speed represented by in- creasing code number. 5.3.5 Tool f
49、unction The T word shall be used for tool selection and optionally the same word may select the tool compensation-offset. When tool compensation-offset is selected by a different word, the D word is recommended. The T word, and the D word if used, shall be designated by the detailed format classification (see an- nex Cl. 5.3.6 Miscellaneous function It shall be expressed by a coded number. For designation see part 2 of IS0 6983. If this facility requires a