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1、International Standard s Descriptors : paints, pigments, tests, daylight tests, determination, daylight resistance. : P 2 Price based on 5 pages Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resa
2、le, 04/26/2007 21:19:37 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Foreword IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally ca
3、rried out through IS0 technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. international organizations, govern- mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the wo
4、rk. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by the IS0 Council. They are approved in accordance with IS0 procedures requiring at least 75 % approval by the member bodies voti
5、ng. International Standard IS0 787/15 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (IS0 787/XV-19731, clauses 0, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 of which have been technically revised. Users should note that all International Standards
6、 undergo revision from time to time and that any reference made herein to any other International Standard implies its latest edition, unless otherwise stated. 0 International Organization for Standardization, 1986 l Printed in Switzerland Copyright International Organization for Standardization Pro
7、vided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 21:19:37 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 787/15-1986 (E) The purpose of this International Standard is to establish a series of general test met
8、hods for pigments and extenders which are suitable for all or many of the individual pigments and extenders for which specifications might be required. In such cases, a cross-reference to the general method should be included in the International Standard relating to that pigment or extender, with a
9、 note of any detailed modifications which might be needed in view of the special properties of the product in question. Technical Committee ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes, decided that all the general methods should be published as they become available, as parts of a single Inter- national Standar
10、d, in order to emphasize the relationship of each to the whole series. The Technical Committee also decided that, where two or more procedures were wide- ly used for determining the same or a similar characteristic of a pigment or extender, there would be no objection to including more than one of t
11、hem in the IS0 series. In such cases it will, however, be essential to state clearly in a specification which method is to be used and, in the test report, which method has been used. Parts of the series already published are as follows : Part 1 : Comparison of colour of pigments Part 2 : Determinat
12、ion of matter volatile at 105 OC Part 3 : Determination of matter soluble in water - Hot extraction method Part 4 : Determination of acidity or alkalinity of the aqueous extract Part 5 : Determination of oil absorption value Part 7 : Determination of residue on sieve - Water method - Manual procedur
13、e Part 8 : Determination of matter soluble in water - Cold extraction method Part 9 : Determination of pH value of an aqueous suspension Part 10 : Determination of density - Pyknometer method Part 11 : Determination of tamped volume and apparent density after tamping Part 13 : Determination of water
14、-soluble sulphates, chlorides and nitrates Part 14 : Determination of resistivity of aqueous extract Part 15 : Comparison of resistance to light of coloured pigments of similar types Part 16 : Determination of relative tinting strength (or equivalent colouring value) and colour on reduction of colou
15、red pigments - Visual comparison method Part 17 : Comparison of lightening power of white pigments Part 18 : Determination of residue on sieve - Mechanical flushing procedure Part 19 : Determination of water-soluble nitrates - Salicylic acid method Part 20 : Comparison of ease of dispersion - Oscill
16、atory shaking method Part 21 : Comparison of heat stability of pigments using a stoving medium Part 22 : Comparison of resistance to bleeding of pigments Part 23 : Determination of density (using a centrifuge to remove entrained air) Part 24 : Determination of relative tinting strength of coloured p
17、igments and relative scattering power of white pigments - Photometric methods iii Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 21:19:37 MDTNo reproduction or networking permit
18、ted without license from IHS -,-,- INTERNATIONAL STANDARD IS0 787/15-1986 (E) General methods of test for pigments and extenders - Part 15: Comparison of resistance to light of coloured pigments of similar types 0 Introduction This document is a part of IS0 787, Generalmethods of test for pigments a
19、nd extenders. The terms “resistance to light” and “light fastness for colour fastness)” describe the resistance of a material to change in its appearance as a result of exposure to light. The magnitude of the change, if any, is influenced by the quantity and quality of the light to which the materia
20、l is exposed, and by the nature and composition of the material itself. Two compositions, each consisting of identical components but in different proportions, may not have the same resistance to light. Also, two compo- sitions each consisting of the same proportions of similar, but not identical, c
21、omponents may not have the same resistance to light. When exposed to natural light, the conditions of the test vary continuously because of the large number of variables (for example intensity and spectral distribution of the light, temperature, relative humidity, and the amount and nature of atmosp
22、heric contaminants) and therefore results cannot be related to similar tests carried out on other occasions. Conse- quently expressing the results as a function of time alone is not recommended. These considerations form the basis for the comparison of light fastness of two different samples of a co
23、loured pigment. Each sample is incorporated in the same proportion in otherwise identical compositions and these compositions, in a suitable form, are examined for any difference in their change of ap- pearance after exposure to the same quantity and quality of light. In order to comply with these e
24、xposure conditions, it is necessary for the compositions to be exposed side by side at the same time to the same light source for the same period of time. In addition, the light fastness of a pigment may be affected by the presence of other pigments such as titanium dioxide. This important aspect ma
25、y be accommodated in this part of IS0 787 by allowing the agreed binder (medium) to consist of a disper- sion of such a pigment. The test procedure is then followed as described. The extent to which the change on exposure is allowed to pro- ceed before the comparison is made, may be of importance. I
26、t is unrealistic to assess the exposures when the change is only equivalent to the first perceptible change, but it is also inad- visable to wait until the amount of change is large. Thus, it is recommended that comparisons of change of appearance be made when the amount of change of the pigment wit
27、h known resistance to light (agreed reference pigment) is equal to fastness grade 4 and 3 of the grey scale in accordance with IS0 105, section A02. For any particular application, the method of test described in this International Standard needs to be completed by the following supplementary inform
28、ation. This information should be derived, in part or totally, from an finterlnational standard or other document related to the product under test or, if ap- propriate, should be agreed between the interested parties. a) Type and identification of the agreed reference pigment. b) The binder (medium
29、) for dispersion of the test sample and the agreed reference pigment and details of the com- position of the dispersion. c) The method of dispersion to be used. d) Whether the test is to be carried out under natural ex- posure (method Al or artificial light (method 6). e) If method A is to be used,
30、the exposure angle of the test specimens and glass cover. f) If method B is to be used, the details of the apparatus and of the light source. 1 Copyright International Organization for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resal
31、e, 04/26/2007 21:19:37 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 797/15-1995 (E) 1 Scope and field of application This part of IS0 787 describes a general method of test for comparing the resistance to light of samples of similar types of coloured pigments (agreed
32、 reference pigment and test sample). Two methods of exposure are described. In method A, the material is exposed under glass to natural light. In method B, the material is exposed to direct artificial light. NOTE - When either of these general methods (A or 6) is applicable to a given pigment, only
33、a cross-reference to the appropriate method should be included in the International Standard relating to that pig- ment, indicating any detailed modification that may be needed in view of the special properties of the product. Only when the procedures given in this general method are not applicable
34、to a particular product should a different method for comparison of resistance to light be specified. 2 References IS0 105, Textiles - Tests for colour fastness - Section A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour. Section BOl: Colour fastness to light: Daylight. Section B02: Colour fastness to
35、artificial light: Xenon arc fading lamp test. IS0 842, Raw materials for paints and varnishes - Sampling. IS0 4892, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources. CIE Publication No. 20 (TC-2.21, Recommendations for the in- tegrated irradiance and the spectral distribution of simulated
36、solar radiation for testing purposes. 3 Principle The test sample and the agreed reference pigment are each dispersed in the same agreed binder (medium). The dispersions are applied to a substrate and dried; they are then exposed to natural daylight with protection from rain (method A) or to artific
37、ial light (method B) under specified conditions. The resistance to light is assessed by comparing the change in colour of the test sample to that of the agreed reference pigment. 4 Apparatus and materials 4.1 Substrate a) aluminium or rigid cardboard panels of suitable size for the applicator used,
38、and with a white high gloss, light fast, coated and non-absorbent surface for the application of paint or b) paper used as substrate for mass tone prints. 4.2 Film applicator or other device, suitable for applying, side by side, two films of wet thickness 50 to 100 urn, or a suitable apparatus for p
39、reparing mass tone prints with a thickness of about I,5 urn. 4.3 Cover sheet, of aluminium foil or other suitable opaque material. 4.4 Grey scale for assessing change in colour, complying with IS0 105, section A02. 4.6 Agreed reference pigment, for comparison with the test sample. It shall be agreed
40、 between the parties and shall be similar in composition to that of the test sample. 4.6 Binder (medium) to be agreed between the interested parties. Its choice should be made with regard to the field of ap- plication of the pigments being tested. 4.7 Cabinet for exposure under glass to natural ligh
41、t (for method A). The exposure cabinet shall have a glass cover and shall be of a sufficient size to carry out the expected number of tests. The cabinet shall be constructed of metal, wood or other material capable of protecting the coated test substrates (specimens) from rain and similar climatic e
42、ffects, and there shall be adequate ventilation to allow free flow of air over the test specimens. The glass cover shall be a single piece of clear sheet glass, of thickness 2 to 3 mm, and free from bubbles or other imperfec- tions. The transmittance of the glass shall be approximately 90 % at 360 n
43、m and throughout the visible region of the spec- trum, falling to a transmittance of less than 1 % at 300 nm and shorter wavelengths. To maintain these characteristics it is usually necessary to clean the glass periodically and to replace the glass at intervals of not more than 2 years. The cabinet
44、shall be fitted with a means of support that allows the specimens to be placed not less than 50 mm below, and in a plane parallel to, the glass cover. The cabinet shall be placed so as to receive direct sunlight throughout the day without shadows of neighbouring objects falling upon it. If the cabin
45、et is placed over ground, the distance between the bottom of the cabinet and the plane of the cleared area shall be great enough to avoid any undesirable effects of contact with grass or plant growth during the period of exposure. The glass cover and the test specimens shall slope toward the equator
46、 at an angle from the horizontal approximately equal to the latitude of the loca- tion at which the tests are being made. Other angles of ex- posure such as 45O may be used, but the angle shall be stated in the test report. 4.8 Apparatus for exposure to artificial light (for method B). The apparatus
47、 may be a conventional artificial. weathering machine, containing a suitable light source such as a xenon arc lamp and filter system, or a similar device. (See also clause 5.1.2 of IS0 4892-1981 which gives further details of the characteristics of xenon arc lamps.) 2 Copyright International Organiz
48、ation for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with ISO Licensee=NASA Technical Standards 1/9972545001 Not for Resale, 04/26/2007 21:19:37 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- IS0 787/15-1686 (E) The apparatus shall operate under the following conditions
49、 : - the simulated total irradiance incident on the specimens provided by the light source (lamp and filter system) shall be 550 f 55 W/m2 in the range 300 to 800 nm; - the irradiance shall be 50 ?z 15 W/m2 in the range 300 to400 nm; - the irradiance at wavelengths shorter than 320 nm shall not exceed 0,5 W/m2; - the spectral distribution of the total radiation at wavelengths above 350 nm corr