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1、JIS JAPANESE I N D USTRIAL STANDARD Translated and Published by Japanese Standards Association Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical in- sulating materials used under severe ambient conditions ICs 19.040; 29.035.01 Reference number : JIS C 2136 : 2004 (E) PROTEC
2、TED BY COPYRIGHT 9s Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- C 2136 : 2004 Foreword This translatio
3、n has been made based on the original Japanese Industrial Standard established by the Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry through deliberations at the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, as the result of proposal for establishment of Japanese Industrial Standard submitted by The Institute o
4、f Electrical Engineers of Japan (IEEJ) / The Japanese Standards Association (JSA) with the draft being attached, based on the provision of Article 12 Clause 1 of the Industrial Standardization Law. This Standard has been made based on IEC 60587:1984, Test method for eualuating resistance to tracking
5、 and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions for the purposes of making it easier to compare this Standard with International Standard; to prepare Japanese Industrial Standard conforming with International Standard; and to propose a draft of an International S
6、tandard which is based on Japanese Industrial Standard. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some parts of this Standard may conflict with a patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after opening to
7、 the public which have technical properties. The relevant Minister and the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee are not responsible for identifying the patent right, application for a patent after opening to the public, utility model right or application for registration of utility model after op
8、ening to the public which have the said technical properties. Date of Establishment: 2004-12-20 Date of Public Notice in Official Gazette: 2004-12-20 Investigated by: Japanese Industrial Standards Committee Standards Board Technical Committee on Electricity Technology JIS C 2136 :2004, First English
9、 edition published in 2005-05 Translated and published by: Japanese Standards Association 4-1-24, Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 107-8440 JAPAN In the event of any doubts arising as to the contents, the original JIS is to be the final authority. O JSA2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication
10、 may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying aiid microfilm, without permission in writing from thc publichcr. Printed in Japan YS / HB PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with J
11、SALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- C 2136 : 2004 Contents Page Introduction . 1 Scope 2 Definitions 2.1 track . 2.2 tracking . 2.3 erosion, electrical . 2.4 time-to-track
12、 . 3 Test specimens . 3.1 Dimensions . 3.2 Preparation . 4 Test apparatus . 4.1 Electrical circuit 4.2 Electrodes 4.3 Contaminant . 4.4 Timing device . 4.5 Depth gauge . 5 Procedure 5.1 Preparation of the test . 5.2 Application of the voltage 6 Test report 6.1 Type and designation of material tested
13、 6.2 Details of the specimens 6.3 6.4 Orientation of specimen with respect to the electrodes . Method for the application of the voltage and end point criterion used 6.5 Classification according to 5.2.1 and 5.2.2 . Annex (informative) Comparison table between JIS and corresponding 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
14、 2 2 2 4 6 7 7 7 7 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 International Standard 10 (i PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted with
15、out license from IHS -,-,- JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL STANDARD JIS C 2136 : 2004 Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions Introduction The Japanese Industrial Standard has been prepared based on the second edition
16、of IEC 60587 Test method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe ambient conditions pub- lished in 1984 with some modifications of the technical contents. Portions underlined with dots are the matters modified from the original Interna-
17、tional Standard. A list o f modifications with the explanations is given in annex (informative). 1 Scope This Standard describes two test methods for the evaluation of electrical insulating materials for use under severe ambient conditions at power frequencies (48 Hz to 62 Hz) by measurement of the
18、resistance to tracking and erosion, using a liquid contaminant and inclined plane specimens. Method 1: constant tracking volt- age; Method 2: stepwise tracking voltage. The test conditions are designed to accelerate the production of the effects, but do not reproduce all the conditions encountered i
19、n service. With the test apparatus described in clause 4, the track starts at the lower elec- trode. Two criteria for determining the end point of the test are in use. However, criterion A shall be given priority for use. Criterion B may be used only if it is required in relevant standards of the ma
20、terial. Criterion A: The end point is reached when the value of the current in the high voltage circuit through the specimen exceeds 60 mA and continues for 2 s or more. An overcurrent device then breaks this circuit. NOTE : This end point criterion permits the use of an automatic apparatus testing
21、several specimens simultaneously. Criterion B: The end point is reached when the track reaches a mark on the specimen surface 25 mm from the lower electrode (see figures 1 and 3b). NOTE : This end point criterion requires visual supervision and manual control. Remarks : The International Standard co
22、rresponding to this Standard is as follows. In addition, symbols which denote the degree of correspondence in the contents between the relevant International Standard and JIS are IDT (identical), MOD (modified), and NEQ (not equivalent) according to ISO/IEC Guide 21. Remarks : IEC 60587: 1984, Test
23、method for evaluating resistance to tracking and erosion of electrical insulating materials used under severe ambi- ent conditions (MOD) 2 Definitions tions apply: For the purpose o f this Standard, the following principal defini- PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provi
24、ded by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 2 C 2136 : 2004 2.1 track surface of an insulating material a partially conducting path created by local
25、ized deterioration on the 2.2 tracking the process that produces tracks as a result of the action of electric discharges on or close to a contaminated surface of an insulating material 2.3 errosion, electrical the action of electrical discharges the wearing away of electrical insulating material by
26、2.4 time-to-track tions of test the time required to produce tracks under the specified condi- 3 Test specimens 3.1 Dimensions Flat inclined specimens shall be at least 50 mm x 120 mm. The preferred thickness shall be 6 mm. Other thicknesses may be used, but must be mentioned in the test report. The
27、 specimens shall be drilled as shown in figure 1, to take the electrodes. 3.2 Preparation Unless otherwise specified, the surface of the specimens shall be abraded until gloss of the surface disappears by means of #2000 abrasive paper for example. . . . . . . . . . . . . The abrasion should be done
28、with a fine silicon carbide abrasive paper under de-ionized or distilled water until the whole surface wets and appears uni- formly matt when dry. If abrasion has not been used, the method of cleaning shall be mentioned in the test report. Specimens used for criterion B (see clause 1) shall have ref
29、erence marks on both edges 25 mm above the lower electrode (see figures 1 and 3b). L In f b- At least 120 Figure 1 Test specimen with holes for fixing electrodes 4 Test apparatus 4.1 Electrical circuit A schematic circuit is given in figure 2a. As the test will be carried out at high voltages, it is
30、 obviously necessary to use an earthed safety enclosure. The circuit comprises: PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or network
31、ing permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 3 C 2136 : 2004 4.1.1 A 48 Hz to 62 Hz power supply with an output voltage stabilized to +5 % which can be varied up to about 6 kV with a rated current not less than 0.1 A for each specimen. Preferred test voltages are 2.5 kV, 3.5 kV and 4.5 kV, for metho
32、d 1. NOTE : If only one power supply is used for several specimens, each should have a circuit-breaker or similar device (see 4.1.4). 4.1.2 A 200 W resistor with 110 % tolerance in series with each specimen on the high-voltage side of the power supply. The resistance of the resistor shall be taken f
33、rom table 1. Table 1 Test conditions Test voltage (kV) 1.0 to 1.75 2.0 to 2.75 3.0 to 3.75 4.0 to 4.75 5.0 to 6.0 Preferred test voltage for method 1 (kV) Contaminant flow rate (ml/min) - 2.5 3.5 4.5 - 0.075 0.15 0.30 0.60 0.90 Series resistor, resistance Infor . mation : In IEC 60587, the resistanc
34、e of resistor corresponding to the test voltage 1.0 kV to 1.75 kV is 1 kQ. However, this statement is considered a mistake. Placing 10 ki2 judging from the series resis- tor system is recommended. Therefore, this is altered to 10 kQ in this Standard. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
36、 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1.3 A voltmeter with an accuracy of 1.5 % of reading. 4.1.4 An overcurrent delay relay (for example see figure 2b) or any other device which operates when 60 mA +6 mA or more has persisted in the high-voltage circuit for
37、2 s 0.2 s. Unit1 : mm S : power supply switch VT : variable ratio transformer T : high-voltage transformer R : series resistor V : voltmeter Sp : specimen F : overcurrent device, fuse or relay Figure 2a Schematic circuit diagram PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provide
38、d by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 4 C 2136 : 2004 To the power supply switch (S in figure 2a) transformer (winding 300/900 turns) relay (2 5
39、00 SU11 O00 turns) Re : rectifier Tr : R1 : C : capacitor (200 ELF) Figure 2b Example : typical circuit for an overcurrent delay relay (F in figure 2a) 4 . 2 Electrodes All electrodes, fixtures and assembly elements associated with the electrodes, such as screws, shall be made of stainless steel. Th
40、e electrode assem- bly is shown in figure 3a. NOTE : The electrodes shall be cleaned prior to each test and replaced when necessary. 4 . 2 . 1 The top electrode is shown in figure 4. 4 . 2 . 2 The bottom electrode is shown in figure 5. Unit : mm Top electrode Filter-paper pad under the top electrode
41、 screws 4 mm, 1 1 stainless steel 20 mm long Figure 3a Assembly of the electrodes PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or netwo
42、rking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 5 C 2136 : 2004 Unit : mm Contaminant feed Unit : mm t+257 I I Figure 4 Top electrode (stainless steel 0.5 mm thick) PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001,
43、 User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- 6 C 2136 : 2004 Unit : mm Six semi-circular cut-outs, 2.5 mm in diameter Figure 5 Bottom electrode (stainless steel 0.5 mm thick) - 7 0 - r40 - 1 i Unit : mm f 40 1 Figure
44、 6 Filter-paper (eight sheets requested for each top electrode) 4 . 3 Contaminant 4 . 3 . 1 Unless otherwise specified use : 0.1 % 0.002 % by mass of NH4C1 (ammo- nium chloride) analytical quality and 0.02 % * 0.002 %) by mass of iso- octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (a non-ionic wetting agent) in dist
45、illed or de-ionized water. This contaminant shall have a resistivity of 3.95 Bm * 0.05 Bm at 23 “C * 1 OC. The contaminant shall be not more than four weeks old and its resistivity shall be checked before each series of tests. 4 . 3 . 2 Eight layers of filter-paper, of the approximate dimensions giv
46、en in figure 6, and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a thickness 0.2 mm 0.02 mm, are clamped between the top electrode and the specimen to act as a reservoir for the contaminant. 4 . 3 . 3 The contaminant shall be fed into this filter-paper pad so t
47、hat a uniform flow between the top and the bottom electrodes shall occur before voltage application. NOTE : This can be done by dripping the contaminant into the filter-paper pad with a fixed drop size and fixed number of drops per minute. PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT Copyright Japanese Standards Association Provided by IHS under license with JSALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 03/14/2007 19:43:03 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,