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1、 NEMA MG 2-2001 Revision 1, 2007 NEMA MG 2-2001 Revision 1, 2007 SAFETY STANDARD AND GUIDE FOR SELECTION, INSTALLATION, AND USE OF ELECTRICAL MOTORS AND GENERATORS Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=W
2、ing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:
3、30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- NEMA Standards Publication MG 2-2001 Revision 1, 2007 Safety Standard and Guide for Selection, Installation, and Use of Electric Motors and Generators Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North
4、 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 www.nema.org Copyright 2001 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artisti
5、c Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted wi
6、thout license from IHS -,-,- NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreem
7、ent among every person participating in the development of this document. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This proc
8、ess brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independent
9、ly test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, cons
10、equential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and make
11、s no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturers or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document
12、available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropr
13、iate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or inform
14、ation not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compl
15、iance with any health or safety related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/11
16、11111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- MG 2-2001, Rev 1-2007 Page i CONTENTS Foreword .iv Section 1 SCOPE1 Section 2 REFERENCED STANDARDS AND DEFINITIONS.2 Section 3 GENERAL.3 Section 4 ENVIRONMENTAL P
17、ROTECTION AND METHODS OF COOLING 4 4.1 Open Machine (IP00, IC01).4 4.1.1 Drip-proof Machine (IP12, IC01).4 4.1.2 Splash-Proof Machine (IP13, IC01)4 4.1.3 Semi-Guarded Machine (IC01).4 4.1.4 Guarded Machine (IC01).4 4.1.5 Dripproof Guarded Machine (IC01).4 4.1.6 Open Independently Ventilated Machine
18、(IC06).5 4.1.7 Open Pipe-Ventilated Machine .5 4.1.8 Weather-Protected Machine .7 4.2 Totally Enclosed Machine .7 4.2.1 Totally Enclosed Nonventilated Machine (IC410).7 4.2.2 Totally Enclosed Fan-Cooled Machine.7 4.2.3 Totally Enclosed Fan-Cooled Guarded Machine (IC411).7 4.2.4 Totally Enclosed Pipe
19、-Ventilated Machine (IP44).7 4.2.5 Totally Enclosed Water-Cooled Machine (IP54).7 4.2.6 Water-Proof Machine (IP55) .8 4.2.7 Totally Enclosed Air-to-Water-Cooled Machine (IP54).8 4.2.8 Totally Enclosed Air-to-Air-Cooled Machine (IP54)8 4.2.9 Totally Enclosed Air-Over Machine (IP54, IC417)8 4.2.10 Exp
20、losion-Proof Machine* 8 4.2.11 Dust-Ignition-Proof Machine*8 Section 5 CONSTRUCTION AND TESTS9 5.1 General9 5.2 Corrosion Protection9 5.3 High Potential Testing .9 5.3.1 Motors .9 5.3.2 Synchronous Generators10 5.3.3 Grounding10 5.3.4 Accessories and Components 11 5.3.5 Discharging Windings After Te
21、st.11 5.3.6 Guarding11 5.4 Thermal Protection11 5.5 Impedance Protection11 5.6 Overspeed.11 5.6.1 Induction Motors12 5.6.2 Direct-Current Motors12 5.6.3 Alternating-Current Series and Universal Motors.14 5.6.4 Synchronous Motors.14 5.6.5 Synchronous Generators14 5.6.6 Direct-Current Generators 14 Se
22、ction 6 SAFETY IN MACHINE APPLICATION 15 6.1 Matching of the Machine to the Load15 6.2 Degree of Machine Enclosure.15 6.2.1 General15 6.2.2 Application in Residences and in Places Regularly Open to the Public.16 Copyright 2001 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Copyright National
23、Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- MG 2-2001, Rev 1-2007 Page ii 6.2.3 Applications in Places Re
24、stricted to Persons Employed on the Premises.16 6.2.4 Application in Places Accessible Only to Qualified Personnel .16 6.2.5 AC Motors For Class I, Division 2, Hazardous Locations.19 6.3 Proper Selection of Machines .20 6.3.1 Variation From Rated Voltage and Rated Frequency.20 6.3.2 Usual Service Co
25、nditions23 6.3.3 Unusual Service Conditions24 6.3.4 Speed Limitation .24 6.3.5 Operation of Direct-current Motors on Rectified Alternating Current25 6.3.6 Shaft Loading26 6.3.7 Transient Torques.26 6.3.8 Torsional Vibration 26 6.3.9 Torque Pulsations During Starting of Synchronous Motors27 Section 7
26、 SAFETY IN MACHINE INSTALLATIONS28 7.1 Installation and Protection.28 7.2 Grounding28 7.3 Wiring Connections .28 7.4 Flammable Materials.28 7.5 Rotating Parts29 7.6 Maximum Speed of Drive Components.29 7.7 Lifting of Machines.29 7.8 Surface Temperatures.31 7.9 Hold-down Bolt Sizes 31 7.10 Power Fact
27、or Correction .31 7.11 Starting Current in Induction Motors33 7.11.1 Locked Rotor Current33 7.11.2 Instantaneous Peak Value of Inrush Current33 Section 8 SAFETY IN MACHINE USE36 8.1 Loading36 8.2 Automatic Reset Thermal Protectors 36 8.3 Maintenance36 8.4 Repair37 Copyright 2001 by the National Elec
28、trical Manufacturers Association. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- MG 2-200
29、1, Rev 1-2007 Page iii Foreword The use of electric machines, like that of all other utilization of concentrated power, is potentially hazardous. The degree of hazard can be greatly reduced by proper design, selection, installation, and use, but hazards cannot be completely eliminated. The reduction
30、 of hazard is the joint responsibility of the user, the manufacturer of the driven or driving equipment, and the manufacturer of the machine. The words “driven or driving equipment“ as used in this publication mean equipment driven by a motor or equipment driving a generator. This publication is int
31、ended to assist the user and the manufacturer of the driven or driving equipment in the selection of machines that have been designed and built to have features that contribute to safety. The machine manufacturer has little, if any, control over the selection, installation, and use of these machines
32、. Since the reduction of hazards depends greatly on how machines are selected, installed, and used, this publication has been prepared as a guide to assist the user and the manufacturer of the driven or driving equipment in the proper selection, installation, and use of machines. It points out possi
33、ble hazards and suggests ways and means to reduce them. If the guidelines are followed, the possible hazards and risks of using machines will be reduced. MG 2-2001, Rev. 1-2007 revises and supersedes MG 2-2001. This publication is periodically reviewed by the Motor and Generator Section of NEMA for
34、any revisions necessary to keep it up to date with advancing technology. Proposed or recommended revisions should be submitted to: Vice President, Engineering National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 Copyright 2001 by the National Elect
35、rical Manufacturers Association. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- MG 2-2001
36、, Rev 1-2007 Page iv Copyright 2001 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or netw
37、orking permitted without license from IHS -,-,- MG 2-2001, Rev 1-2007 Page 1 Section 1 SCOPE This publication provides recommendations for the selection, installation, and use of rotating electric machines in such a manner as to provide for the practical safeguarding of persons and property. Exclude
38、d from the scope of this publication are the following: a) Welding generators. b) Booster, dynamic braking, and absorption type machines. c) Isolated electric farm lighting plants. d) Variable speed generator equipment for railway passenger cars. e) Main propulsion motors, generators, and motor gene
39、rator sets mounted on railroad and transit locomotives and cars. f) Automotive motors, generators, and motor generator sets. g) Motors, generators, exciters, and motor generator or exciter sets mounted on airborne craft. h) Toy motors and small synchronous motors of the type generally used in househ
40、old clocks and timing devices. i) Additional specific features required in machines for use in hazardous (classified) locations. Such locations might be in mines or in areas defined in the National Electrical Code (ANSI/NFPA 70), Articles 500 through 503. j) Machines built to military specifications
41、 having requirements which conflict with or override the provisions of this publication. k) Machine parts intended for installation in a hermetically sealed enclosure. l) Non-salient-pole generators and their exciters. m) Generators larger than 10,000 kVA, and their exciters, for hydraulic turbine d
42、rive, including reversible motor generator units. n) Synchronous condensers, frequency changers, and phase converters. Since any machine can be installed or operated in such a manner that hazards can occur, compliance with this publication does not by itself assure a safe installation. However, when
43、 a machine complying with this publication is properly selected with respect to the driven load and environment, and is installed in accordance with the applicable provisions of national codes and sound local practices, the hazards to persons and property will be reduced. Copyright 2001 by the Natio
44、nal Electrical Manufacturers Association. Copyright National Electrical Manufacturers Association Provided by IHS under license with NEMALicensee=IHS Employees/1111111001, User=Wing, Bernie Not for Resale, 07/16/2007 00:30:55 MDTNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS -,-,-
45、MG 2-2001, Rev 1-2007 Page 2 Section 2 REFERENCED STANDARDS AND DEFINITIONS In this publication, reference is made to the following standards and other publications listed below. Copies are available from the indicated sources. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) 11 West 42nd Street New Yor
46、k, NY 10036 ANSI/ASME B15.1-2000 Safety Standard for Mechanical Power Transmission Apparatus American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 ASTM D149-81 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Mate
47、rials at Commercial Power Frequencies International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)* 3 Rue de Varemb, CP 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland IEC 60034 (Series) Rotating Electrical Machines National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1752 Rosslyn, VA 22209 NEM
48、A MG 1- 2006 Motors and Generators NEMA MG 10-2001(R2007) Energy Management Guide for Selection and Use of Polyphase Motors NEMA Application Guide for AC Adjustable Speed Drive Systems National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Batterymarch Park Quincy, MA 02269 ANSI/NFPA 70-2002 National Electrical Code Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL) 333 Pfingsten Road Northbrook, IL 60062 ANSI/UL 674-1994 Electric Motors and Generators for Use in Hazardous Locations, Class I Groups C and D;