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1、Unit 3 Computers,基础知识自测,一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1._ 5kAlkjuleit vt. 计算 2._ 5simplifai vt. 简化 3._ 5CpEreitE n. 接线员 4._ 5lCdVikEl adv. 合逻辑的 5._ tek5nClEdVi n. 科技 6._ 7revE5lu:FEn n. 革命 7._ 7B:ti5fiFEl adj. 人造的 8._ in5telidVEns n. 智力 9_ sClv vt. 解决 10._ 5pE:sEnEli adv. 亲自,personally,calculate,simplify
2、,operator,logical,technology,revolution,artificial,intelligence,solve,11._ 7Apli5keiFEn n. 应用 12._ fai5nAns n. 金融 13._ iks5plC: v. 探索 14._ 5enihau adv. 无论如何 15._ Eul n. 目标 16._ 5sinl n. 信号 17._ taip n. 类型 18._ E5raiz vi. 出现， 19._ Ilek5trRnIk adj. 电子的， 20._ E5piErEns n. 外貌,application,finance,explore
3、,anyhow,goal,signal,type,arise,electronic,appearance,二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给的适当形式填空。 1. At the end of a letter you should write “Yours _” and your name. 2. With the development of science and _, people will live a happier life. 3. IQ(智商) stands for _ quality. 4. The captain had an _
4、 leg, made of wood. 5. English is a _ language, so we have to learn it.,Truly,technology,intelligence,artificial,universal,6. An a_ is a calculating tool for dealing with figures in ancient China. 7. One Laptop per Child is a non-profit association devoted to research to develop a 100 l_ for every c
5、hild in the world. 8. During the course, students will develop their _(analysis) skills. 9. The _ (develop) of the information technology was the greatest advance of the 20th century. 10. We will soon arrive at the point where we can find all the knowledge of humankind on a computer _(网络).,abacus,la
6、ptop,analytical,development,network,三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Try to _ (simple) your explanation for the students to help them understand better. 2. If you want to know about the hotel, you can call the _ (operate) to find out the information. 3. The boy is very clever and he shows high _ (intellige
7、nt) in study. 4. _ (real) is not the way you wish things to be but the way they actually are. 5. Bob is _ (total) different from his father, who is very tall.,simplify,operator,intelligence,Reality,totally,6. They agreed to accept my _ (apply) for joining their team. 7. His success in business broug
8、ht _ (happy) to his parents. 8. We will make a _ (person) visit to the students home. 9. His speech is _ (logical) organized and sounds great. 10. I disagree that the age of _ (technology) revolution has ended.,application,happiness,personal,logically,technological,四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英文。 1. fromon
9、_ 2. as a result _ 3. sothat _ 4. in a way _ 5. with the help of _ 6. deal with _ 7. watch over _ 8. as time goes by _ 9. in/during the 1970s _ 10. after all _,从时起,结果,如此以致于,在某种程度上,在的帮助下,处理；对付,看守；监视,随着时间的流逝,在二十世纪七十年代,毕竟,11. _ 公有；共用 12. _ 技术革命 13. _ 处理；安排；对付 14. _ 解决问题 15. _ 人工智能 16. _ 走过；过去 17. _ 依某人
10、看来 18. _ 采取行动 19. _ 与信息共享 20. _ 弥补、组成,have (sth) in common,technological revolution,deal (do) with,solve the problem,artificial intelligence,pass by,as far as sb. is concerned,take an action,share information with,make up,五、词组运用 词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一个适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。 1. They had a lot _ and became
11、 good friends very soon. 2. How are you going to _ such problems? 3. Dont blame him. _, he is a child.,after all,in common,deal with,翻译填空 根据汉语意思，从上述短语中选一个恰当的词组完成句子。 4. He soon _ the lessons he missed. 5. Why didnt you _ to put out the fire? 6. It is not rare in _ (九十年代) that people in _ (五十多岁)are go
12、ing to university for further education.,their fifties,made up,take any action,the 90s,句子翻译 从上述短语中选择恰当的短语翻译下列句子。 7她从那时起就知道自己会获胜。 8结果，他只得离开。 9在他父母的帮助下，他很快完成了作业。 10在春天，我们通常将钟表向前拨一小时，以充分利用日光。,In spring, we usually set the clock one hour ahead to take full advantage of the daylight.,From then on she kne
13、w she would win.,With the help of his parents, he finished his homework soon.,As a result, he had to leave.,Language Data Bank,1. in common : for or by all of a group 共同的； 共有的,the land owned in common by the residents 居民共有的土地,In common 常常同have连用，如： have nothing in common have little in common have s
14、omething in common have a lot in common,无共同之处,几乎无共同之处,有一些共同之处,有许多共同之处,2.simple-minded:showing very little intelligence 头脑简单的；笨的。,Richard is smart but_.,心不在焉的 虚心的，没有偏见的 心胸狭窄的 意志坚强的 低能的，愚蠢的,里查德很聪明但他有许多头脑简单的朋友。,he has a lot of simple-minded friends.,absent-minded,open-minded,narrow-minded,strong-minded
15、,weak-minded,3.go by (1)pass 经过，过去 时间慢慢过去。 勿失此良机。,Time went by slowly.,Dont let this opportunity go by.,根据交通规则判断，司机应该被罚。,_, the driver should be punished.,(2) judge by 依据做判断,Going by the traffic rule,4. anyway 无论如何，总之，反正,Anyway its worth trying.,不管怎样，这事值得一试。,也许会下雨，但我们无论如何都要去。,It may rain, but well g
16、o anyway.,5.deal with,我现在要处理这个问题。,你们打算怎样处理本地区的水污染问题呢？,How are you going to deal with the water pollution of this area?,I will deal with the problem now.,(1)处理，安排,（2）和打交道，对付，收拾,That man is easy to deal with.,那个人很容易对付。（或打交道很容易）,（3）论述，谈（某问题）,These novels do not deal with reality.,这些小说没谈及现实问题。,(1)n. pro
17、cess of being born, coming into the world 出生，出世，诞生,他出身低微。,He is_.,他虽然生在法国，但父母是英国人。,He is British_ though he was born in France.,那婴儿生下来就有七磅重。,The baby weighed 7 pounds_.,6.birth,at birth,by birth,of no birth,give birth to & be born,她生于1968年。,She was born in 1968.,be born 则表示“出生”,她生了五个小孩。,She gave bir
18、th to five children.,give birth to 意为“生产，生下”，有时也作“使诞生”解,7.sound 系动词，听起来,注意：sound, look, smell, feel , taste 为系动词，后面可跟形容词、名词、介词短语作为其表语。系动词不能用于被动语态。,你说的话听起来有道理。,What you said sounds reasonable.,听起来像直升飞机的声音。,That sounds like a helicopter.,sound like “听起来像” like 为介词，其后跟名词、代词或动名词,It sounds as though/as i
19、f:,音乐听起来多美啊!,How sweet the music sounds!,听起来似乎政府不知怎样做,It sounds as though/if the government dont know that to do.,8. No one could recognize me after I got my new transistors in the 1960s. 20世纪60年代我有了新的晶体管之后，就没有人能认出我来了。,从走路的姿势你可以认出他来。,Youll recognize him_.,recognize (1)vt. be able to identify again s
20、b./sth. that one has seen, heard, etc.认出，听出,by his walk,(2)vt. be willing to accept sb./sth. as what he or it claims to be or has been in the past 承认，认可,他们拒绝承认新政府。,They refuse to recognize the new government.,9.Then in 1822 I was built as an Analytical Machine by Charles Babbage. 后来到1822年，查尔斯.巴比奇把我制
21、成了一架分析机。,Analytical Machine,分析机,Analytical (1) adj. using analysis, of analysis 分析的，用分析法的,联想 (派) analyse (vt.) 分析 analysis (n.) 分析 analytical (adj.) 分析的 analyst (n.) 分析家 analytically (adv.) 分析地 depart (vi.)-departure( n.) similar( adj.) -similarity (n.) discuss (vt.)-discussion (n.),10.However, peop
22、le thought I was simple-minded until they discovered I had “artificial intelligence”. 可是人们认为我头脑简单，直到发现我有人工智能时，他们才不这么想了。,(1)adv. in whatever way or degree 无论如何，however 作为副词单独使用而不引导从句时，意为“然而”“不过”，在句中的位置非常灵活，可置于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号将however与句子隔开,However,她非常努力，（尽管如此）然而她没有成功。,She worked hard. However, she wasnt
23、successful.,然而他弄错了,He was mistaken, however.,然而，这个问题还有它的另一面。,There is, however, another side to this problem.,(2)引导让步状语从句时，表示“无论如何”“不管怎样”，相当于no matter how, 后接adj.或adv.,无论多热，他也不会脱掉外套。,However hot it is, he will not take off his coat.,11.as 作为,As the years went by 当，时候（表伴随） = With the years going by,A
24、s students, we must make good use of time.,He served as a servant in a five-star hotel.,作为学生，我们必须利用好时间。,他在一家五星级酒店里当一名服务员。,13. With 具有；有着,The man_ is my brother.,China is a country_.,with a long history,with thick hair,中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。,那个有着浓密头发的男人是我的哥哥。,接动名词的动词有：enjoy/ finish/ practise/ consider/ miss
25、/ admit /cant help doing,When he heard the sad news, he couldnt help crying.,When I am free, I enjoy listening to the light music.,14.love doing,当我有空的时候，我喜欢听轻音乐。,当他听到这个悲伤的消息，他情不自禁地看了。,Take a break!,Grammar:,Group A 1. We have finished our homework. 2. Many visitors have visited the Great Wall. 3. Mi
26、ke has seen two films since last month. 4. The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums.,Group B 1. Our homework has been finished by us. 2. The Great Wall has been visited by many visitors. 3.Two films have been seen by Mike since last month. 4. These palace have been turned into mu
27、seums.,分析:,A组强调动作的执行者,是主动语态, 结构:主谓宾, 相同点:两组都是完成时态, 结构: have/has+过去分词 B组的句子强调动作的承受者, 是被动语态. 相同点: 两组都是完成时态 结构: 助动词 have/has been +过去分词,Have/ has been Ved 现在完成时的被动语态,1.The new bridge over the Yellow River has just been completed. 2.Many more buildings have been built in the past ten years.,表示到现在为止已经完成的
28、某个被动的动作,1.被动语态介词固定搭配不能省略。 He has thought of a way of solving the problem.,Eg. The accident which happened yesterday surprised me.,=A way of solving the problem has been thought of.,2.break out/ happen/ take place/ arrive/ become/ die/ disappear etc 不及物动词没有被动语态,3.带双宾语的动词give /send/bring/ take/teach/s
29、how/ tell/ make/ sing/ write/ sell/buy/ ask/ pay/ borrow/ lend/ hand/ offer/provide/ past/get/promise 变被动语态有两种方法：,（2）=The book has been given to him.,（1）=He has been given the book.,Eg. I have given him the book.,(2) =We have been offered the most comfortable service by him.,He has offered us the mo
30、st comfortable service.,(1) =The most comfortable service has been offered to us by him.,Change the following sentences into the present perfect passive voice. Put the verbs into the correct form.,We have bought a new personal computer. 2.We have found many problems with our new computer.,A new pers
31、onal computer has been bought by us.,Many problems have been found with our new computer by us.,3. They have built a PC the way we wanted. 4. They have just joined our computer to the Internet. 5. We have used the computer every day since we bought it. 6. We have written a lot of e-mails on the comp
32、uter in the past year.,A PC has been built the way we wanted by them.,Our computer has been joined to the Internet by them.,The computer has been used every day since we bought it.,A lot of e-mails have been written on the computer in the past year.,(2004高考 江苏卷) More patients _in hospital this year
33、than last year. treated B. had treated C. had been treated D.have been treated 2. (2004 高考 北京卷)The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2006. has been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed,D,高考链接,C,3. （2004高考 广西卷）- The
34、 window is dirty. - I know. It _ for weeks. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 4.(2004高考 湖北卷)- George and Lucy got married . Did you go to their wedding? - No, I _. Did they have a big wedding? was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt i
35、nvite,D,A,The End!,Unit 4 Wildlife protection,基础知识自测,一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。 1._ w n. 野生动词 2._ e n. 保护 3._ n. 敌人 4._ Vt. 危害；使受到危险 5._ n. 损失；丧失 6._ h Vt. & Vi. 打猎；搜寻 7._ : n. 和平 8._ l Vt. & Vi.申请；应用 9._ Vt. 建议；暗示 10._ adj. 厚的；浓的,wildlife,protection,enemy,endanger,loss,hunt,peace,apply,suggest,thick,
36、11._ Vt. 影响 12._ adj. 强大的 13._ Vt. 影响 14._ n. 注意 15._ n. 结果；影响 16._ : adv. 最近 17._ adj. 凶猛的；猛烈的 18._ adj. 无情的 19._ adj. 懒惰的 20._ : n.保护区,contain,powerful,affect,attention,effect,recently,fierce,unkind,lazy,reserve,二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词，或者用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. He often tells lies, _ as a resul
37、t, nobody wants to make friends with him. 2. The teacher suggests that all the students _(buy) an English dictionary. 3. Her face suggested that she _(hate) you. 4. In some factories, workers get _(pay) by the week. 5. Mr Zhang often borrows money from other teachers, _makes his wife very angry.,and
38、,(should) buy,hated,paid,which,6. The number of our school students is increasing so fast _ a new building should be built. 7. Mr Wang, a little man _ a thick glasses on his face, is able to make his classes lively and interesting. 8. Any student _ the age of 13 and 17 can take part in the activity.
39、 9. Over ten bikes _ (steal) recently. 10. All the Chinese people want to live and work in _ .,that,with,between,have been stolen,peace,三、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。 1. The wildlife in China is under _(protect). 2. The report mainly discusses _ (danger) animals. 3. Xiao Hong didnt take part in my party for
40、 her _(stomach). 4. Tell you a good news! That company has accepted my _(apply). 5. China will become a _(power) country.,protection,endangered,stomachache,application,powerful,6. The room has been empty for a long time, so its _(dust). 7. When you want to smooth something off on paper, you may use
41、a _ (rub). 8. At the Gulf War in 2003, the air force of the U.S.A bombed Iraq _(fierce). 9. The cruel stepmother is _(kind) to the little girl. 10. At last, we could find the lost boy _(luck).,dusty,rubber,fiercely,unkind,luckily,四、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。 1. compare with _ 2. share something with sb.
42、_ 3. be concerned about _ 4. at the moment _ 5. have no idea _ 6. pay attention to _ 7. from now on _ 8. protect from _,保护不受,把跟比较,跟某人分享某物,关心,此刻,不知道,注意,从现在起,9._ 把带回 10._ 结果 11._ 处于危险之中 12._ 属于 13._ 年复一年 14._ 灭亡 15._ 形成 16._ 过去常常,used to,bring back to,as a result,in danger,belong to,year by year,die out,come into being,五、词组运用 词组填空 根据句子提供的语境，从第四大题中选一适当的词组并用其适当的形式填空。 We _the children living in poor area. 2. He drinks wine every day. In fact, he should _