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1、Section Grammar时间状语从句与 原因状语从句 时间状语从句与 原因状语从句 语 境 自 主 领 悟 先观察原句 When he was orbiting in the capsule, he took photographs of the planet Earth. When Yang landed, Premier Wen Jiabao telephoned the Control Centre to offer his congratulations. When Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest China at 9 am yes
2、terday, China became the third nation to send a man into space. While he was travelling in space, Yang spoke to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station, which is orbiting the earth, American astronaut Edward Lu and Russian cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko. “As you have asked me so nicely， ”
3、said Sharon, “Id be delighted to sign your arm.” Since no one else saw the aliens, not many people believe Mr Bates. Now that I have made this first visit, I hope I can come many more times. 后自主感悟 1. 例中的连词引导时间状语从句； 例中的连词引导原因状语从 句。 2.when 引导时间状语从句时， 从句中的谓语动词和主句谓语动词所表示的动作 同时发生，如例；也可以在主句谓语动词之前发生，如例。 3.
4、while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生， 如 例。 4.since, now that 引导原因状语从句时常置于主句之前，如例。 一、时间状语从句 除了之前学习的由 when, while, as 引导的时间状语从句外， 常见的引导时间状 语从句的连词还有以下几种情况： 1before 引导时间状语从句时，有“在之前 ；才；就； 还没来得及就”等多种意义。常用句式： It will be/was 一段时间before.过了时间才； It wont be/wasnt 一段时间before.没过多久就。 He had left before I could say
5、something. 我还没来得及说点什么，他就离开了。 It wont be long before we meet again. 过不了多久我们就会再见面的。 2since 引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从以来多久了” ，从句中的谓语 动词多用一般过去时，而主句中谓语动词多用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。常 用句式：It is/has been 一段时间since 从句(常用过去时) We have never met since we graduated from the college. 自从我们大学毕业后就再也没有见过面。 As is reported，it is over 100 ye
6、ars since Qinghua University was founded. 据报道，自清华大学建校以来已有一百多年了。 3till/until 引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词是延续性动词，表示“直 到为止” ； not.until/till.引导时间状语从句时，主句的谓语动词是终止性动 词，表示“直到才” 。 He waited until/till his mother came back. 他一直等到他妈妈回来。 I didnt go to bed until/till I finished my homework. 直到做完作业我才上床睡觉。 名师点津 (1)在 not.un
7、til/till.结构中，当 not until.置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 Not until he returned home did we feel relaxed. 直到他回到家我们才感到如释重负。 (2)当 not.until.结构用于强调句型时，句子结构为：It is/was not until.that. It was not until he came back that I went to bed. 直到他回来我才去睡觉。 4as soon as, the moment, the minute, immediately，directly 等引导时间状语从 句时，表示“一就”
8、 。 The moment/Immediately/As soon as I heard the voice, I knew my father was coming. 一听到声音，我就知道父亲回来了。 名师点津 no sooner.than.，hardly.when.表示“一就”时注意以下两点： (1)当 hardly, no sooner 置于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装； (2)hardly 和 no sooner 后的句子常用过去完成时，when 和 than 后的句子常用 一般过去时。 I had hardly closed the door when somebody knocke
9、d. 我刚把门关上就有人敲门。 We had no sooner arrived at the station than the train left. No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们一到火车站，火车就开走了。 5短语 every time, each time, next time, the first time, by the time 等也可以引导 时间状语从句。 Every time he arrived home at the end of the day, wed greet him a
10、t the door. 每次在一天结束时他回到家，我们都在门口迎接他。 Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。 即时演练 1 用适当的连词填空 Have you known each other for long? Not very，since we started to work in the ABC Motor Company. Before I knew what happened, the car drove straight to me. She had hardly left the building whe
11、n the accident happened. 二、原因状语从句 1because 引导原因状语从句 because 意为 “因为， 由于” 。 在引导原因状语从句的连词中， because 语气最强， 表示主句的直接原因，从句可放在主句之前或之后。当回答疑问副词 why 开头的 问句时一般用 because 引导的原因状语从句。 He cant deliver his lectures today because he has got a bad cold. 他今天不能去讲课了，因为他患了重感冒。 2as 引导原因状语从句 as 表示十分明显的原因或已知的事实，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主
12、句， 语气比 because 弱，常译为“由于” 。as 引导的从句常放在句首。 As it is known to everybody, I wont spend too much time on this matter. 由于大家都知道这件事，我就不在这件事上多花时间了。 3since/now that 引导原因状语从句 since 引导的从句通常放在句首，常表示已为人知的原因或理由，语气较弱， 常译为 “既然” 。 now that 和 since 意思接近， 常互换， 其引导的从句通常放在句首。 Now that/Since you are busy enough we wont tr
13、ouble you any more. 既然你们忙得够呛，我们就不再麻烦你们了。 Since no one has read the book, we cant discuss it. 既然没人读过这本书，我们就不能对它进行讨论。 名师点津 for 意思是 “因为” ，是并列连词，用来说明、补充解释或表示一种推理，所 以 for 引导的句子一般不放在句首。 It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. 昨天晚上肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。 即时演练 2 用适当的连词填空 I really enjoy listening to mus
14、ic because it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day. Mark needs to learn Chinese because/since his company is opening a branch in Beijing. Now that hes been off sick all week, hes unlikely to come. .单句语法填空 1Immediately(immediate)you start eating in a healthier way, weight
15、 control will become much easier. 2Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. 3Since you like the car so much, why not drive it back? 4I had hardly come home when it began to rain. 5No sooner had he got to the station than the bus left. 6I have heard a lot
16、 of good things about you since I came back from abroad. 7He didnt hear the knock at the door because he was listening to the radio. 8She must have gone out early, for she had not shown up at breakfast. 9Before I could say hello, the foreign guest turned around and went away. 10I went on with my wor
17、k until I finished washing all the clothes. .单句改错 1The young couple, who returned my lost wallet, left after I could ask for their names.after before 2It will not be long since you become an excellent reporter.sincebefore 3 He had no sooner finished his speech when the students started cheering.when
18、than 4It was for she caught a bad cold that she didnt go to school. forbecause 5I had hardly got to the office after my wife phoned me to go back home at once.afterwhen 6Every time when I was in trouble, he would come to my help.去掉 when 7 How time flies! It has been two weeks after our winter vacati
19、on began.aftersince 8 Because my spoken English is fluent, so I think I am very suitable for this job. 去 掉 so 9My only mistake was that I dropped some noddles on the floor after I was packing them up.afterwhen/while 10Go outdoors to do sports with your friends, although physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger.althoughbecause