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1、Section Language points()(Welcometo the unit & Reading) .单词拼写 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词。 1It upset(使不高兴)him that he didnt know what the fact was. 2When the boat sank(下沉)they had to swim for it. 3There is no man that has no faults(过错) 4When I saw one scene(场景)like this，I remembered another. 5We are supposed
2、to defend(防卫) ourselves whenever there is danger. 6The boy bent down to pick up the book on the floor. 7I think they played well and deserved the victory. 8They are extremely gentle and friendly and very tolerant of children. 9After three days without food，the men were close to starvation 10Im afrai
3、d we cant come，but thank you for the invitation anyhow .拓展词汇 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词。 1frighten vt.使受惊；使害怕frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的frightening adj.令人害怕的，使人惊恐的 2behave v表现，行为规矩behavio(u)r n行为，举止 3emergent adj.紧急的emergency n突发事件；紧急情况 4explain v解释explanation n解释，说明 5rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的rudeness n粗鲁，无礼 寻规律 巧记忆 adj.ne
4、ssn.A(原形)B(过去式) C(过去分词)beginbeganbegun sadsadness 悲伤 weakweakness n弱点 carelesscarelessness n粗心，大意 sinksanksunk drinkdrankdrunk .补全短语 根据提示补全下列短语。 1turn up开大(音量) 2a waste of的浪费 3cant wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事 4be supposed to应该，应当 5in a mess一片混乱 6not.any more不再 7be hard on对苛刻，对严厉 8now that既然；由于 9in the f
5、orm of以的形式 10instead of代替；而不是 .选词填空 选用上述短语的适当形式填空。 1The smart boy is too young.Dont be hard on him. 2Now that you are grown up，you should not rely on your parents. 3You are supposed to listen carefully in class to catch what the teacher says. 4Wow，free movies！I cant wait to download some and watch t
6、hem. 5What is needed most during the class break is peace instead of noise produced by music. 寻规律 巧记忆 turnadv.动词短语in an.介词短语 turn around 转过身 turn down 关小，调低；拒绝 turn off 关掉 in a way 在某种程度上 in a while 过一会儿 in a word 总而言之 背教材原句记句式结构仿写促落实 1.The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty d
7、ishes in the sink. 房间一片狼藉，地板上是比萨饼 盒子，水槽中是脏兮兮的盘子。 with pizza boxes.为 with 复合结构， 在句 中作状语，其构成为 “with宾语介词 短语” 。 The girl came in，with some roses behind her back. 那女孩进来了， 身后拿 着一些玫瑰花。 2.Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge！ 听我说，年轻人我们将这 个家交给了你负责！ leave sb./sth.介词 短语，是“leave sb./sth.宾语补足 语”结构，意为“使 某人
8、或某物处于什 么状态” 。 Dont leave the dog in the bedroom. 不要让狗待在卧室里。 3.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很 不高兴。 have sth.done 是 “have宾语宾 补”的一种复合结 构，意思是“使/ 让被” 。 Its time for you to have your hair cut. 你该剪头发了。 4.And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him， and that is why
9、we had no time to clean the house. 还有，我们昨天在诊所待了一整 天，正因为如此，我们才没有时 间打扫房子 that is why.句型中 why 引导表语从句， 意为“那就是为什 么” 。 That was why they refused to sign the agreement. 那就是他们为什么拒 绝签订协议。 5.We didnt think that you would let the house get so dirty. 我们原以为你不会把房子搞得 这么脏兮兮的。 本句用了否定转移， 将后面宾语从句的 否定词转移到主句 中，即主句的谓语动 词
10、用否定式。 I dont think it is a good idea to play football in the street. 我认为在大街上踢足 球不是个好主意。 frightened adj.受惊的；害怕的 (教材 P22)Mom！Dad！Youre back early！(looking around room，sounding frightened) 妈妈！爸爸！你们这么早就回来了呀！(四下打量房间，语气惊慌地) (1)be frightened of (doing) sth.害怕(做)某事 be frightened to do sth.吓得不敢做某事 be frighte
11、ned that.害怕 be frightened to death吓得要死 (2)frighten vt.使害怕，使恐惧 frightening adj.令人害怕的 fright n.害怕 I was frightened of being left by myself in the house. 我害怕一个人被留在屋里。 Dont shout or youll frighten the baby. 别大声嚷，你会吓着孩子的。 I was frightened to look(look) down from the top of the tall building. 从高楼顶上往下看，我感到
12、害怕。 They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.(frighten) 他们听到那可怕的声音很害怕。 名师点津 frightened 为 v.ed 类形容词，表示人的感受，常修饰人或说明人的感受等。 frightening 为 v.ing 类形容词，用来修饰使人害怕的人或事物。 常见 v.ed 和 v.ing 类形容词还有： excited 激动的，感到兴奋的；exciting 令人激动的/兴奋的 pleased 高兴的，满意的；pleasing 使人愉快的 worried 担心的；worrying 令人担心的 encouraged
13、受到鼓舞的；encouraging 令人鼓舞的 satisfied 满意的；satisfying 令人满意的 be supposed to 应该，应当 (教材 P22)But，but.you werent supposed to come home until tomorrow! 可是、可是你们应该明天才到家的呀！ (1)be supposed to do sth.表示按照约定、规则或义务“应当、理应”做某事， 相当于 ought to do sth.或 should do sth.。 (2)be supposed to have done sth.本应该做某事(而实际上未做，含有责备的语 气
14、)。 (3)be supposed to be. 被相信是，被认为是 This novel is supposed to be one of his best novels. 这本小说被认为是他最好的小说之一。 You were supposed to finish your homework on time. 你理应按时完成作业的。 Your homework is supposed to be handed(hand) in by Friday. 你的作业应该在星期五之前上交。 Why are you still at home? You are supposed to have gone
15、(go) to school. 你怎么还在家？你本应该去学校了。 名师点津 was/were supposed to do sth.am/is/are supposed to have done sth.表示“本应该 做某事，但事实上却没做” 。 bend vi.弯腰，屈身 vt.(使)弯曲 n拐弯，弯道 (教材 P22)bending to touch dog 俯身抚摸着狗 (1)bend down弯腰 bend over俯身于 bend sb.to.使某人屈服；使某人顺从于 bend your mind/efforts to sth.致力于某事；专心致志 (2)at a/the bend在
16、拐弯处 The driver slowed down at a tight bend. 驾驶员在一个急转弯处慢了下来。 The mother bent over/down and kissed the face of her baby. 这个母亲俯身亲吻了她婴儿的脸。 She tried to bend her husband to her wishes. 她设法使她的丈夫顺从她的愿望。 图形助记 starve vi.挨饿；饿死 vt.使挨饿 (教材 P22)The money for dog food is gone，but Spot looks like he is starving! 用
17、来买狗食的钱不见了，可是小斑点看上去都饿坏了！ (1)starve sb.into (doing) sth.迫使某人做某事 starve for渴望；急需 starve to death饿死 (2)starvation n.饥饿，挨饿；饿死 die of starvation死于饥饿 They starved the enemy into surrendering. 他们以饥饿迫使敌人投降。 They got lost in the desert and starved to death. 他们在沙漠中迷了路，饥饿而死。 Over three hundred people have died
18、of starvation(starve)since the beginning of the year. 从年初起，已有 300 多人饿死。 Many children starve for love and knowledge. 许多儿童渴望得到爱和知识。 tolerate vt.容忍；允许 (教材 P22)We wont tolerate such behavior in our house! 在我们家里可不能容忍这种行为！ (1)tolerate doing sth.忍受做某事 (2)tolerant adj.忍受的，忍让的 be tolerant of/towards.对容忍/宽容
19、(3)tolerance n.容忍，忍受，宽容 The school cannot tolerate cheating in exams. 学校不允许在考试中作弊。 Her father，a kindhearted man，is tolerant of/towards her stubbornness. 她的父亲，一个善良的人，能容忍她倔强的脾气。 We should treat others with the heart of tolerance(tolerate) 我们要以宽容之心对待别人。 名师点津 (1)tolerate 常用于否定句，后接动词的ing 作宾语，不接不定式。 (2)表示
20、“容忍；忍受”的单词或短语还有：stand，bear，put up with 等。 scene n(戏剧的)一场；场面；景色 (教材 P23)Act Two，Scene One 第二幕，第一场 be on the scene在现场，当场 come on the scene出现，到场 behind the scenes在幕后，不公开地 Its an exciting opportunity to learn what goes on behind the scenes. 可以有机会了解幕后的工作，令人非常兴奋。 The police were soon on the scene after th
21、e accident. 那次事故发生后不久警察就赶到了现场。 明辨异同 scene/scenery/view/sight scene 多用来指电影、电视中的一个场面；事故的现场；也可指展现在 眼前的景色，常指有人的活动的场面，是 scenery 的一部分，为可 数名词 scenery指总的、全部的风景，表示的是室外的自然景色，为不可数名词 view 一般指在某一个位置看到的风景，为可数名词；还可表示“观点， 看法” sight 侧重指旅游观光的风光，也指城市中的人文或历史景观，常用复 数 scene，scenery，view，sight Hangzhou is famous for its b
22、eautiful scenery There are lots of tourist attractions，among which the West Lake is one.If you stand on the top of Leifeng Pagoda，youll get a good view of the lake.You can see the boats on the lake making a beautiful sceneWelcome to Hangzhou and see the sights of it. upset adj.不高兴的，失望的 vt.使不高兴，使失望；使
23、心烦意乱；打翻 (教材 P23)Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。 (1)be upset with sb.生某人的气，对某人感到不快 be upset about/over sth.对某事感到失望/烦恼 (2)upset sb.使某人烦恼，使某人心烦意乱 upset sth.搅乱，打乱，打翻 It upsets sb.to do.做使某人心烦意乱/ 做使某人生气 It upsets sb.that.使某人生气/使某人心烦意乱 It upsets him that nobody has bothered
24、 to tell him about it. 让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。 You are not still upset with me，are you? 你不再生我的气了，对吧？ She was upset about/over the news that she failed in the driving test again.驾驶 测试又没过关的消息使她很失望。 语境助记 The bad news upset me .As a result，I upset a glass of milk ，which upset my plan for going to the park.T
25、hus my son was upset about it.那则坏消息让我心烦意 乱。 结果， 我打翻了一杯牛奶， 这打乱了我去公园的计划。 为此， 我儿子不高兴了。 图形助记 defend vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护 (教材 P23)They never even gave me a chance to defend myself. 他们压根儿就不给我一个辩解的机会。 (1)defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 defend.from/against保卫免受之苦 (2)defence n.保卫，保护；辩护 in defence of为了保卫，为辩护 I defended myse
26、lf with a stick when the dog came at me. 那条狗向我扑来时我用棍子自卫。 We will do all we can to defend our motherland from/against any possible enemy. 我们要尽全力保卫我们的祖国，防御任何可能的敌人。 I have to say in defence(defend)of her that she knew nothing about it. 我得为她说句话，她对此事一无所知。 deserve vt.值得；应得；应受 (教材 P23)They dont deserve an
27、explanation. 他们不配得到解释。 deserve to do sth. 值得做某事；应该做某事 deserve doing/to be done值得被 The team deserves to win the match. 这个队该赢得比赛。 He deserves a punishment. He deserves to be punished. He deserves punishing.他罪有应得。 The young man deserved praising/to be praised(praise) 这个年轻人值得表扬。 名师点津 deserve 后接动名词时，其主动形
28、式表示被动意义。有类似用法的词语还有 want，need，require，be worth 等。 now that 既然；由于 (教材 P23)Maybe，but now that he has been so rude to us，I feel like we have to punish him or he wont respect us. 也许吧，可是既然他对我们那么粗鲁无礼，那我觉得我们有必要教训教训他， 要不然他不会尊重我们的。 其他表示原因的连词或介词短语： (1)because因为(表示直接而明确的原因， 语气较重，常用于回答 why 的疑问) since因为；既然(可与 now
29、 that 互换) as因为(语气较弱) for因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置 于句首，表示进一步补充说明) (2)due to 起因于，归功于 as a result ofbecause of因为 thanks to由于，多亏 on account of由于，因为 owing to由于，因为 As it was late，we came back soon. 因为天晚了，我们很快就回来。 It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet. 因为地面很湿，所以昨晚一定下过雨。 She died as a result of her
30、injuries. 她由于受伤而死亡。 It was all a great successthanks to a lot of hard work. 由于尽心竭力，这才大获成功。 名师点津 now that“既然，由于” ，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因 或既成的事实。口语中 that 常可省略，主句前不能再加连词 so。 (教材 P22)The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink 房间一片狼藉，地板上是比萨饼盒子，水槽中是脏兮兮的盘子。 【要点提炼】 with
31、 pizza boxes.为 with 复合结构，在句中作状语，其构成为 “with宾语介词短语” 。 with 复合结构在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件 等状语，有时也可以作定语。 其结构为： ) with宾语（名词、 代词）宾语补足语 形容词/副词/介词短语 现在分词（表示主动、进行） 过去分词（表示被动、完成） 不定式（表示动作尚未发生） ) He likes to sleep with the door open. 他喜欢开着门睡觉。 With Tom helping(help)us，we finished the task soon. 有汤姆帮助我们，我们很快就
32、完成了那项任务。 With all the things she needed bought(buy)，she went home happily. 买了所需要的所有东西后，她高兴地回家了。 With a lot of work to do(do)，he wasnt allowed to go out. 因为还有很多工作要做，他没有被允许外出。 (教材 P22)Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge! 听我说，年轻人我们将这个家交给了你负责！ 【要点提炼】 leave sb./sth.介词短语是 “leave sb./sth.宾语补足语” 结构，
33、 意为“使某人或某物处于什么状态” 。 此结构中，宾语补足语可以是形容词(短语)、副词(短语)、分词、不定式、名 词(短语)和介词(短语)等。 Leave the door open and you can breathe the fresh air.开着门你就可以呼吸新 鲜的空气。 His parents died two years ago，leaving him an orphan. 他的父母两年前去世了，他成了一个孤儿。 Dont leave me to explain(explain)it to him. 不要让我来解释给他听。 She left me waiting(wait)fo
34、r two hours at the station. 她让我在车站一直等了两个小时。 (教材 P23)Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset. 丹尼尔双臂抱在胸前，看起来很不高兴。 【要点提炼】 句中的 has his arms crossed 是“have宾语过去分词”构成 的复合结构。其中 have 用作使役动词，意思是“使，让” ，后面接复合宾 语。have sth.done 中过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语与过去分词表示的动作构成被动 关系。 (1)have sth.done 有三种含义： “让别人做某事” ，强调主语的主观意志，相当于 g
35、et sth.done。 “遭遇某事” ，强调宾语客观上遭受不幸的事。 “使完成某事” ，此事可以是别人完成的，也可以是自己参与完成的。 (2)have sb.do sth.get sb.to do sth.让某人做某事 (3)have sb./sth.doing 使某人/某物持续地做某事 Ill have Tom show you to your room. 我让汤姆带你去你的房间。 I dont like to wash clothes，so I always have my clothes washed. 我不喜欢洗衣服，所以我总是让别人给我洗。 I had my watch stole
36、n(steal)last night. 昨晚我的手表被偷了。 The boss had the workers working(work)day and night. 老板让工人们夜以继日地干活。 语境助记 Yesterday，Jack had his hair cut.However，when he returned home，he found he had had his document stolen.He was so worried because his boss would have him work on weekends if he lost it. 昨天，杰克(请人给他)理
37、发了。但是，当他回到家时，他发现他的文件被偷了。 他非常着急，因为如果他丢失了这份文件，他的老板会让他周末工作的。 名师点津 (1)have sb.doing 用于否定句时， have 表示 “容忍” 之意， could not have sb.doing sth.意为“不允许某人做某事” 。 (2)have 还可用于 have sth.to do 结构，该结构中 have 作“有”讲，不定式作 定语。 1Eric runs in after it，followed by a big dog，walking very slowly. 【分析】 该句为简单句。其中 followed by a b
38、ig dog 是过去分词作状语，表 示伴随情况；walking very slowly 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰 a big dog。 【翻译】 埃里克随后跑进起居室，身后跟着一条大狗，走路慢吞吞的。 2 Daniel， we thought you were an adult， a person who would make good decisions. 【分析】 该句是复合句。thought 后面省略的是连词 that 引导的宾语从句；a person 是 an adult 的同位语；who would make good decisions 是定语从句。 【翻译】 丹尼尔，我们还以为
39、你是成年人了，是一个会做出正确决定的 人 3And that we spent all of yesterday waiting there for him，and that is why we had no time to clean the house. 【分析】 句中第一个 that 是承接上文 Eric 的话中“if they knew”的，引导的 是宾语从句，从句中使用了 spend.doing 结构；第二个 that 指代前面所述的情况， why 引导的是表语从句，其中不定式 to clean the house 作 time 的定语。 【翻译】 还有，我们昨天在诊所待了一整天，正
40、因为如此，我们才没有时 间打扫房子 .单句语法填空 1I am frightened(fright)that he may have got lost in the mountain. 2We found the house easily with the boy leading (lead)the way. 3She bent down immediately to cut the grass. 4We said much in defence(defend)of his action. 5Now that you have expressed your fierce determinati
41、on to get it right，you should act immediately. 6I cant tolerate your being(be)so rude to the old. 7The students arent supposed to take (take) the books out of the library without permission. 8She did a good job，and so she deserved to be praised/praising (praise) 9Claire had her luggage checked(check
42、) an hour before her plane left. 10To punish the child，his mother left him standing(stand)in the sun. .完成句子 1别让她在外边雨里等着。 Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain.(leave) 2请找几个学生打扫一下餐厅。 Please have some students clean the dining hall.(have) 3帮个忙，别袖手旁观。 Give me a hand.Dont just stand by with your hands crossed(cross) 4无论如何，他不值得被告知真相。 Anyway，he doesnt deserve to be told/deserve telling the truth. (deserve) 5你应当昨天就完成你的作业了。 You are supposed to have finished/were supposed to finish your homework yesterday.(suppose)