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1、种 类常用从属连词举 例时间来源:Zxxk.Com状从来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+KwhenwheneverWhen I came into the room, he was writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。来源:学|科|网来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&KwhenI was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走着，这时
2、忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。whileWhile it was raining, they went out.天下雨的时候，他们出去了。I stayed while he was away.他不在的时候我在。asHe hurried home, looking behind as he went.他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。beforeBe a pupil before you become a teacher.先做学生，再做先生。afterHe arrived after the game started.比赛开始后，他到了。tillWe waited till (until)he c
3、ame back.我们一直等到他回来。untilShe didnt stop working until eleven oclock .她到11点钟才停止工作。Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there.她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。sinceas soon asGreat changes have taken place in China since 1978.自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, Ill write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。hardl
4、ywhenno soonerthanI had hardly got home when it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.No sooner had we got to the station than the train left.我们刚到车站，火车就走了。Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始就被叫停。every time, by the time, the moment等Every time I travelle
5、d by boat, I got seasick.我每次乘船都晕船。The moment I heard the song, I felt cheerful.我一听到这首歌，就感到很愉快。Next time you come ,youll see him.下次你来的时候，就会见到他。地点状从wherewhereverWhere there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Where there is water there is life.哪里有水，哪里就有生命。You are free to go wherever you like.你可以随意到你喜欢的任
6、何地方去。Wherever you go, you must obey the law.无论你去哪都要遵守法律。原因状从becauseI came back late yesterday because I was on duty.昨天我回来晚了，因为我值班。sinceSince everyone is here, lets begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，我们开始开会。asAs he didnt know much English, he looked up the word in the dictionary .由于他英语懂得不多，他在字典中查阅这个单词。now tha
7、t, seeing thatNow (that) the weather has cleared up, we can start our journey.鉴于天气已经晴朗，我们可以启程了。Seeing (that) he was badly ill, we sent for the doctor.鉴于他病情严重，我们派人去请医生去了。目的状从so thatin order thatlest = for fear thatin caseWell tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.我把真实情况告诉你，使你能自己作出判断。T
8、hey worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time .他们比往常更加努力工作，为了能提前完成工作。Put on more clothes lest (= for fear that ) you should catch cold.多穿点衣服，以免感冒。I shall write down your telephone number in case I may not forget.我要把你的电话号码记下来，以免忘记。结果状从sothatHe was so excited that
9、 he couldnt say a word.他十分激动，以致一句话都说不出来。suchthatHe gave such important reasons that he was excused.他说出了这么重要的理由，得到大家的谅解。It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it. It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.这是一本十分有趣的书，大家都想看。条件状从ifunlessas/so long asin caseso far a
10、sDifficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.如果我们不怕困难，困难就算不了什么了。We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.除非下雨，我们明天就去那里。= We shall go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.So/As long as you work hard, you will succeed.只要你努力工作，你就一定能成功。In case I forget, please remind me about it .万一我忘了，请提醒我一下。So
11、 far as I know, the book will be published next month.据我所知，那本书下月出版。方式状从asas ifas thoughDraw a cat as I taught you.按照我教你的画一只猫。Do as you are told.按照人家告诉你做的去做。She looks as if she is ill.看上去她好象是生病了。He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.他的行动就好象什么也没有发生。They treat the black boy as if (though) he wer
12、e an animal.他们对待这黑孩子仿佛他是一头牲口。让步状从althoughthoughAlthough (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.虽然他六十多岁了，但仍开始学习法语 。We were not tired though (although) we had worked all day.虽然我们干了一天活，但并不累。even if, even thoughIll go even if (though) it rains tomorrow.即使明天下雨，我也要去。asChild as he is ,
13、he knows a lot .虽然他是一个孩子，但他懂得很多。Cold as it is, (= Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。no matter (who, what when, where which, how)Do it no matter what others say.不管别人怎么说,尽管干。No matter how busy he was, he studied English every day.不管多忙，他都每天坚持学习英语。No matter who takes up the m
14、atter for me ,I shall be very grateful.不管谁为我处理这件事，我都将非常感激。wh+ever (whatever whoever ,whenever whichever ,however)Whatever happens / may happen , we shall not lose heart.无论发生什么，我们都不要失去信心。Whoever comes, he will be welcome.无论谁来，都会受到欢迎。比较状从asas ,not so/asasthe sameassuchasMary is as old as my sister.玛利和
15、我姐姐一样大。He doesnt run so (as) fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。His book is the same as mine.他的书和我的一样。Henry is not such a good worker as Peter .享利这个工人不如彼得那样好。thanShe has made greater progress this year than she did last year.她今年比去年进步更大。He bought fewer books than I (did).他买的书比我买的少。the morethe moreThe mor
16、e you read, the better you understand.你看的书越多，你懂得的就越多。The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.卖票越多，你的收入也越多。 The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.你工作越努力，你取得的进步就越大。The sooner, the better.越快越好。The warmer, the better.越暖和越好。 特别注意的几点“when”引导的时间状语从句的句型.was/were doingwhen(正在
17、做突然).was/were about to dowhen(刚要做突然).was/were on the point of doingwhen(正要这时).had (just) donewhen(刚一/当的时候，就已经)It was +时间点+when(当的时候，时间是)I was watching TV when I heard someone knocking at the door.我正在看电视，这时我听到有人在敲门。I was about to go out when the telephone rang.我正要出门，这时电话铃响了。I was on the point of givi
18、ng up the teacher came to encourage me.就在我要放弃的时候，老师来鼓励我。 The film had begun when I got to the cinema.我到达电影院的时候，电影就已经开始了。It was 5 pm when we arrived at the village.我们到达村庄的时候是下午五点钟。“before”引导的时间状语从句的句型之后才 不多久就不等就 刚就 先再We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.我们航行了四天四夜才看到陆地。It wasnt l
19、ong before he told me about the affair.没过多久他就把这件事告诉了我。We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到一英里他就累了。He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.他刚进房间就听见电话铃响起来。You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.此事你可以思考几天再作决定。三个极易混淆的时间状语从句It was +时间点+w
20、hen(当的时候时间是)It was/will be+时间段+before(没过就/过了才)It is /has been +时间段+since(自从以来有)It was 2 pm when we got home.我们到家的时候是两点钟。It was be two weeks before we me again.过了两个星期我们有见面了。It will be two weeks before we meet again.要过两个星期我们才能再见面。It is/has been 3 years since we last met.自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。用法灵活的as,when,w
21、hile引导的状语从句1.除了引导时间状语从句外，as还可以引导原因，让步，比较，方式等状语从句As she is a model teacher, she gives a good example to others. 因为她是一名模范教师，她给其他人树立了一个好的典范。Much as I admire Mr. Wang as a poet, I dont like him as a man. 尽管我喜欢王先生的诗歌，但我不喜欢他的为人。He doesnt run as fast as Jack (does).他不如杰克跑得那样快。Draw a cat as I taught you.按照我
22、教你的画一只猫。2.除了引导时间状语从句外，when还可以引导条件，原因等状语从句How can we explain it to you when(=if) you are unwilling to listen.（如果）你不愿意听，我怎么对你解释？It was foolish of you to take a taxi when (=since)you could easily walk there in 5 minutes.既然步行五分钟时间就到那儿，你还打的去，真是愚蠢透顶。3.除了引导时间状语从句外，while还可以让步，条件等状语从句While(=Though) I like th
23、e color of the hat, I dont like its shape.尽管我喜欢帽子的颜色，但我不喜欢它的形状。While(=As long as) there is life there is hope. 只要有生命，就有希望。是状语从句，还是定语从句，或是强调句（注意划线部分）1.Make marks where you have questions. (地点状语从句)Make marks at the places where you have questions. (定语从句)2.It is such an advanced theory that few people
24、understand it.(结果状语从句)It is such an advanced theory as few people understand. (定语从句)3.It was 8 oclock in the evening when I found my house broken into. (时间状语从句)It was at oclock in the evening that I found my house broken into. (强调句)1.时间状语从句One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my
25、daughter heard cries for help.A. after B. while C. sinceD. when【解析】答案为D。when在句中表示“就在这时（突然）”之意，它构成的固定句式是：be doing sth.be about to do sth. had done sth.when。句意：一个周五，我们正在扛包裹动身去过周末，就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。If a lot of people say a film is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD.A. whet
26、her B. after C. thoughD. until【解析】答案为D。句意：如果很多人说某部电影不好看，我也懒得去看了，或者等到出了DVD我再看。until为“直到”的意思。Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you. A. whenever B. howeverC. whicheverD. wherever【解析】答案为A。whenever意为“无论何时”；however意为“然而”；whichever意为“任何一个”；wherever意为“无论哪
27、里”。连接副词在后句中充当状语，根据语境可知是指时间，选A项。句意：请打电话给我的秘书安排今天下午的会议，或者在你任何方便的时候。As it reported, it is 100 years _Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after D. since【解析】答案为D。 “It is + 时间段 +since + 从句（谓语为一般过去时）”为固定句型，故答案选D项。句意：正如所报道的那样，自从清华大学建校以来已有100年的历史了。He had no sooner finished his speech _ the s
28、tudents started cheering. A. since B. as C. when D. than【解析】答案为D。考查no soonerthan.表示一就; 根据句子意思“他的演讲一讲完学生就开始欢呼了。”since既然；as作为； when 当什么时候；类似的还有hardly/scarcelywhen，这两个结构中no sooner，hardly，scarcely放在句首时句子用倒装语序。如本句可以改为：No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.Mary made coffe
29、e _ her guests were finishing their meal.A. so that B although C. while D. as if【解析】答案为C。so that译为“以便”表示目的，although译为“尽管，虽然”，as if译为“好像”，while译为“当的时候”，因此while符合句意，选择C项。句意：当客人们将要结束用餐的时候玛丽才冲了咖啡。Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _it becomes available.A. as soon as B
30、. unless C. as far as D. until【解析】答案为A。句意: 只是暂且使用这个房间。但是一有（as soon as）可以使用的房间，我们就提供你一个大点的房间。2.地点状语从句Today, we will begin we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. when B. where C. how D. what【解析】答案为B。句意：今天，为了不遗漏要点，我们从昨天结束的地方开始。where引导地点状语从句。_ unemployment and crime are high, it can b
31、e assumed that the latter is due to the former.A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until【解析】答案为B。Where引导地点状语从句。句意：哪儿的失业率高，哪儿的犯罪就率高，可以认为前者是导致后者的原因。3.原因状语从句The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A. although B. unless C. because D. if【解析】答案为C。空格前后两个句子在逻辑意义上存在原因关
32、系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。Although引导让步状语从句，unless和if引导条件状语从句。句意：这位老人叫露丝挪到另一把椅子上因为他想跟他妻子挨着坐。4.条件状语从句He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that【解析】答案为C。in case 意为“以防，以免”；even if意为“即使”；if only意为“要是就好了”,so that意为“为了，以便”。 句意：他准备好了相机以防
33、看到可以拍摄的景物。The little boy wont go to sleep _his mother tells him a story.A. or B. unless C. but D. whether【解析】答案为B。or译为“或者”表示选择，unless译为“除非”表示条件，but译为“但是”表示转折，whether译为“是否”，根据句意选择B项。句意：除非他的妈妈给他讲故事这个小男孩儿是不会睡觉的。 Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter you enjoyed yourselves.A.
34、 as long as B. unless C. as soon asD. though【解析】答案为A。as long as意为“只要”；unless意为“除非，否则”；as soon as意为“一就”；though意为“虽然”。根据后一句为只要你玩得开心，花多少钱并不重要，就能搞定答案。Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? _it doesnt rain.A. Until B. While C. Once D. If【解析】答案为D。 If引导条件状语从句。句意：如果不下雨的话（我们就去野餐）。5.让步状语从句Try she might, Sue could
35、nt get the door open.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. as 【解析】答案为D。题目中前半句说，她试过；后半句说Sue不能打开门，明显前后两个句子意思相反，所以选择D。as表示“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。句意：虽然她试了，但还是无法打开门。_volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball. A. Since B. Once C. UnlessD. While【解析】答案为D。根据主句内容可知，她也擅长打篮球，由此可知排球是她的强项，故选while引导让步状语从句。Frank insisted
36、 that he was not asleep _I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so【解析】答案为B。whether“是否”，常与or连用；although“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；for用来引导因果并列句；so“因此，所以”，引导因果并列句。根据句意可知，空格前后为让步关系，故答案为B项。句意：尽管我费了很大劲才把弗兰克叫醒，他却坚持说自己没有睡着。_all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen
37、for the post. A. Since B. While C. If D. As【解析】答案为B。while的意思是“虽然, 尽管”, 相当于though或although。句意：虽然他们都是强有力的候选人, 但只有一个人被选中担任这个职务。To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _ we are to shake hands with.A. whichever B. whenever C. whoever D. wherever【解析】答案为C。句意：为了表示我们的尊敬，无论与谁握手，我们通常得摘下手套。s
38、hake hands with sb. 意为“与某人握手”，本句中的with后缺少宾语，结合句意选C项，whoever在句中引导让步状语从句。The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest.A. wherever B. Whenever C. even if D. as if 【解析】答案为C。句意：工程师们都很忙，以至于他们没有什么时间去做户外运动，即使那是他们感兴趣的。wherever 无论何处，whatever 无论什么，eve
39、n if 即使，as if 似乎、仿佛。根据句子的意思选C项。6.目的和结果状语从句The police officers in our city work hard _the rest of us can live a safe life.A. in case B. as if C. in order thatD. only if【解析】答案为C。句意：警察努力工作是为了让我们过上安全的生活。in order that含义为“为了”，引导目的状语从句。The Great Wall is _ tourist attraction that millions of people pour in
40、every year.A. so a well-known B. a so well-knownC. such well-known a D. such a well-known【解析】答案为D。such a + 形容词+名词+that从句，相当于so +形容词+名词+that从句，表示“如此以至于”的意思。A选项若改为“so well-known a”也对。答案D项。7.比较状语从句The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _the present one. A. as three times big as B.
41、 three times as big asC. as big as three times D. as big three times as【解析】答案为B。此处用到了asas句型，其中用原形，表倍数的数次位于前一个as之前，故选B。其余选项与题意不符。句意：正在为下届亚运会所建的体育馆是现在的体育馆的三倍大。8.方式状语从句Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. A .as if B. in case C. while D. though【解析
42、】答案为A。as if意为“似乎，好像”，引导方式状语从句。句意：Jack什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聪明的事情一样。Taiwan was attacked by such a terrible hurricane _few citizens had ever experienced before.A. as B. and it wasC. that D. which【解析】答案为A。此题容易选择C项，然而该句是定语从句，因先行词被such限定，所以关系代词用as。如果用that，则后面的这个从句应该判定为结果状语从句，但句子成分不齐全。It was five oclock in
43、 the afternoon _ they climbed up to the top of the mountain.A. since B. whenC. that D. until【解析】答案为B。 此句为一主从复合句。when引导状语从句；若看作强调结构，应在five前加at。Where did you get to know her？It was on the farm we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where【解析】答案为D。the farm为先行词，where为定语从句中的关系副词，作地点状语。答语中是强调句的省略：It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her. Is it only on the world market _we can prove the competitiveness and quality of our goods?A. where B. whichC. that D. how【解析】答案为C。此句是强调句的疑问句形式。1.Please arrange an