2020年高考英语一轮复习考点通关练专题一语法基础考点十名词性从句.pdf

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1、最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 考点十名词性从句 限时 25 分钟 一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 ) 。 1_ she was invited to the ball made her very happy. 答案That 考查主语从句。从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此用that 。 2Children should be reminded of _ they should do in public places. 答案what 考查宾语从句。句意：应该提醒孩子们在公共场所应该做些什么。所填词引导宾语从句 且在从句中作do 的宾语，故用what 。 3He kept

2、yawning in class this morning. That was _ he stayed up late watching the basketball game last night. 答案because 考查表语从句。句意：今天早上他一直在课堂上打哈欠。那是因为他昨晚熬夜看篮 球赛了。分析句子成分可知，空格处引导表语从句。根据句意可知，这里要用because 。 4Dick enjoys painting but he knows the fact _ he doesnt have what it takes to be a professional. 答案that 考查同位

3、语从句。句意：迪克喜欢画画，但他知道自己没有成为一名专业画家所需要的 ( 素质 ) 。that引导同位语从句，说明fact的具体内容。 5Every time we stay together, _ I hear from him is always inspiring stories. 答案what 考查主语从句。空格处作hear 的宾语，且指事物，因此应用what。 6I couldnt imagine _ difficult it was for those badly injured victims to make it to the hospital. 答案how 考查宾语从句。ho

4、w 是副词，修饰形容词difficult。how 引导的感叹句作动词imagine 的宾语。 7Success partially depends on _ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly. 答案whether 考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句；根据句意可判断，设空 处意为“是否”，其前有介词on，故填 whether 。 8I lost my cell phone yesterday. Can you tell me _ I can buy one? 答案where 考查宾语从句。where 在从句中作

5、地点状语。 9We agreed to accept _ they thought was the best tourist guide. 答案whoever 考查宾语从句。they thought可视为插入语，因此从句中缺少主语，故只能用 whoever ，不能用whomever。 10It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. 答案that 考查主语从句。 it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句中不缺少成分，且句意 完整，因此用that 。 11The discus

6、sion is not meaningful at all _ we should devote all of our time to study. 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 答案whether 考查同位语从句。句意：我们是否应该把所有时间用于学习的讨论根本没有意义。 whether 引导后面的句子是对discussion作进一步说明。 12_the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 答案Where/When 考查主语从句。句意：英语晚会将在哪里/ 何时举行还没有宣布。由句意可知， 应填 Wher

7、e或 When 。where 在从句中作地点状语或用when作时间状语。 13As many as seven courses are provided, and they are free to choose _ suits them best. 答案whichever 考查宾语从句。分析句子成分可知，choose 后面的宾语从句缺少主语，由于前一 句中已出现了seven courses，故后一句应选用表示特定范围的whichever 。 14Nobody believed her reason for being absent from the meeting _ she had to m

8、eet her uncle at the airport. 答案that 考查同位语从句。空格处引导同位语从句，解释reason的具体内容，从句意义完整且 不缺成分，所以用that 。 15The Great Wall leaves visitors a puzzle _ ancient Chinese people managed to build it without modern tools. 答案how 考查同位语从句。句意：长城给游客们留下了一个谜。那就是没有现代化的工具，古代 的中国人是如何建成长城的。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导同位语从句，解释puzzle 的内容。根据句 意可知

9、，设空处表示方式，故填how。 16The word “media” basically refers to _ we commonly call newspapers, magazines, radio and television. 答案what 考查宾语从句。句意：“媒体”一词基本上指的是我们平时所说的报纸、杂志、广播和 电视。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且指事物，故用what 引导。 17Thats _ he didnt attend the meeting. 答案why 考查表语从句。句意：那就是他不到会的原因。why在从句中作原因状语。 18She wil

10、l give _ needs help a warm support. 答案whoever 考查宾语从句。句意：凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。由句意可知， 应填 whoever，在从句中充当主语。 19_ will win the match is still unknown. 答案Who 考查主语从句。句意：谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。who在从句中作主语。 20What the doctors really doubt is _ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. 答案whether 考查表语从句。句意：医生

11、真正担忧的是我妈妈是否能快速地从重病中恢复过来。 根据句意可知，空格处应填whether ，引导表语从句。 21_ he referred to in his article was often discussed by many people. 答案What 考查主语从句。句意：他在自己文章里提到的东西经常被很多人讨论。从句中what 作 refer to的宾语。 22This is _ our problem lies. 答案where 考查表语从句。句意：这就是我们的问题所在。where 引导表语从句，并在从句中充当 地点状语。 23You didnt pass the exam. I

12、think it is _ you are careless. 答案because 考查表语从句。句意：你没有通过考试。我认为是因为你太粗心了。because 引导表 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 语从句，并在从句中充当原因状语。 24The reason for his absence yesterday was _ he did have something to do. 答案that 考查表语从句。从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此用that 。 25_ is well known to everyone, I should say, is that a man becom

13、es learned by asking questions. 答案What 考查主语从句。分析句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。 26She wondered _ she ought to let the children know about it. 答案how 考查宾语从句。句意：她想知道如何才能让孩子们知道这件事。根据句意可知，空格处 应填 how，引导宾语从句。 27We are so sorry for that. Well try to determine exactly _ went wrong that evening. 答案what 考查宾语从句。分析

14、句子成分可知，从句中缺少主语，且指事物，因此用what。 28The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. 答案that 考查同位语从句。空格处及后面的句子是fact的同位语。从句意义完整且不缺成分， 故用 that 。 29Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. 答案 when 考查主语从句。句意：土豆被引入

15、欧洲的确切时间不能确定，但很可能是1565 年左右。 分析句子结构可知，设空处为主语从句的引导词，从around 1565判断，这里指时间，故填when。 30He has solved the problem _ the TV was out of order. 答案why 考查同位语从句。 空格处及后面的句子是problem 的同位语。 why“为什么， 的原因”， 在从句中充当原因状语。 二、改正下列句子中的错误( 每句只有1 处错误 ) 。 1The fact when he had not said anything surprised me. _ 答案when thathe had

16、 not said anything是同位语从句，从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整， 故引导词用that 。 2That the fat boy need is much more practice. _ 答案ThatWhatis 前是一个主语从句，从句中need 后缺少宾语，因此应用what。 3The doubt is whom has got away with the document. _ 答案whom whois 后是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此应用主格who。 4David couldnt control his car was obvious. _ 答案David前加 Th

17、at “That David couldnt control his car”为主语从句，从句中不缺少成 分，并且句意完整，因此应用that 。 5I want to know who book it is, but no one seems to know. _ 答案who whosewhose作 book 的定语，而who相当于名词，不能作定语。 6The reason why she doesnt like me is I make her angry. 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 _ 答案is 后加 that is 后是一个表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，并且句意完整，因此

18、应用that 。表 语从句中that 不能省略。注“ The reason why.is that.”是一固定句型“的原因是”。 7I have been worrying about if I have hurt Marys heart. _ 答案if whetherif意为“是否”时，只能用于动词后的宾语从句中。宾语从句位于介词之后， 因此只能用whether 引导。 8This surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. _ 答案This Itit作形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的从句。 9Who

19、 knows the truth will tell you about it. _ 答案Who Whoeverwhoever 在此引导主语从句，相当于anyone who。 10He told me that he had two sons and they both had gone to college. _ 答案and 后加 that that引导宾语从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省略，后面再有宾语从 句时则不能省略引导词that 。 11If John is an artist is unknown. _ 答案If Whether第二个 is 之前是主语从句，所以只能用whe

20、ther 不能用 if引导。 12They want to make it clear to the public which they do an important task. _ 答案whichthatwhich 在名词性从句中通常意为“哪一个”。在此从句中不缺少成分，并且句意 完整，因此应用that 。 13Life is like a tale. Which matters is not how long it is, but how good it is. _ 答案WhichWhat主语从句中缺少主语，因此应用what 意为“什么，的是”。 14Its no longer a qu

21、estion now that man can land on the moon. _ 答案that whether句意：人类是否能登上月球已经不再是一个问题了。句中it作形式主语，真 正的主语是whether 引导的从句。 15The real reason why I dont have a hobby is because I dont have time. _ 答案becausethat句意：我没有爱好的真正的原因是我没时间。表语从句中不缺少成分，并且 句意完整，因此应用that 。记住句型The reason why.is that.“的原因是”，此题迎刃而 解。 名词性从句 ( 一

22、 ) 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 连词： that, whether, if (在从句中均不充当任何成分) 。 连接代词： what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, which, whichever。 连接副词： when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however等。 注意： that在从句中不作任何成分，在主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中也不能省略，在引导宾语 从句时，第一个宾语从句中的that可以省

23、略；whether 和 if意为“是否”， 在宾语从句中可以互换使用( 注 介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether 引导 ) ，但在其他名词性从句中只能用whether 。从句均用陈述语序。 一、主语从句 1主语从句：在复合句中充当主语成分的从句。 That he passed the driving test made us very happy. Who will take over the company has not been decided yet. 2为了防止一些句子头重脚轻，通常用it作形式主语。 用 it作形式主语的常用句型 It is a fact (a shame, a

24、pity, good news.) that. It is true (certain, clear.) that. It is said (reported, believed.) that. It occurs/matters等不及物动词that从句 It is certain that you will pass the college entrance exam. It is a pity that I missed the party held last night. It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessnes

25、s. It had never occurred to him that he might be falling in love with her. 二、宾语从句 1宾语从句： 在复合句中充当宾语成分的从句。分为及物动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句，形容词 后的宾语从句。 Do you know who has got the first prize? We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. I am sure I will pass the exam. 2it作形式宾语，常用的动词有：find, make, f

26、eel, think, consider等。 I find it necessary that we do some reading every day. 3 有些动词不能直接跟宾语从句，需要借助形式宾语it 。 常见的有 like, dislike, hate, love, enjoy, appreciate等。 I hate it when people speak with their mouths full. I would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch. 4在 suggest, demand, insist, order, wis

27、h 等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即 (should ) 动词原形。 She suggested that we (should) not go there for holiday. 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 限时 25 分钟 一、在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 ) 。 12016北京高考The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust. 答案that 句意：雨季最让人感到快乐的是，人们可以完全摆脱灰尘。分析句子结构可知，本空需 要连接词引导

28、表语从句，连接词在从句中不作任何成分，也无任何意义，只起连接作用，故用that 引导。 22016陕西九校联考_ he considered a great proposal was turned down by the boss at the meeting. 答案What 句意：他那个自认为很不错的提议被老板在会上否决了。“_ he considered a great proposal”为主语从句，consider在句中的用法是“ consider 宾语宾语补足语”。由此可见， 该主语从句中缺少宾语(considered的宾语 ) ，又因为设空处表示事物，故答案为What。 32015北

29、京高考I truly believe _beauty comes from within. 答案that 句意：我真的相信美是发自内心的。分析句子结构可知，“_beauty comes from within ”在句中作believe的宾语，是宾语从句，不缺少句子成分，故填that 。 42014重庆高考 Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? Yeah, but I have no idea _ he did it; thats one of his favorite universities

30、. 答案why 句意：迈克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，是真的吗？是的，但我不知道他为什 么这样做；那是他最喜欢的大学之一。所填词引导同位语从句，解释说明idea ，并在从句中表示原因，故 用 why。 52014陕西高考_ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 答案When 句意：延迟的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气情况。所填词引导主语从句，在从句中作时 间状语，故填When 。 62016天津高考The manager put forward a suggestion _ we should have an as

31、sistant. There is too much work to do. 答案that 句意：经理提出了一条建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。suggestion后是 同位语从句，从句的结构和句意均完整，故用that 引导。 72016北京高考Your support is important to our work. _ you can do helps. 答案Whatever 句意：你的支持对于我们的工作很重要，不管你做什么都能帮助我们。分析句子成 分可知，本空需要连接代词whatever 引导主语从句，并在从句中作do 的宾语。 82014广东高考I didnt unders

32、tand _ this would happen and. 答案why 句意：我不理解为什么这会发生。understand后是宾语从句， 根据 didnt understand 判断，从句的引导词意为“为什么”，故填why。 92014福建高考Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do. 答案what 句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕做的事情。所填词引导宾语从句，并在从句中作do 的宾语，指事物，故填what。 102014浙江高考 “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.”

33、This is _ my mother used to tell me. 答案what 句意：“每次吃甜食时，喝点绿茶。”这是我母亲以前经常告诉我的。所填词引导表语 从句，并在从句中作tell的宾语，指事物，故填what。 112014四川高考 Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, “Thats _ I was born. ” 答案where 句意：奶奶指着那家医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”所填词引导表语从句，在从 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 句中作地点状语，故填where。 122016北京西城模拟 Could you give

34、 me some advice on getting a job? First, find out _ you like doing best. 答案what 句意：你能给我一些有关找工作的建议吗？首先要弄清楚你最喜欢做什么。 “_ you like doing best”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语(doing的宾语 ) ，且设空处表示事物， 故答案为what。 132017湖南模拟There are as many as five student clubs in our school. You can join _ interests you most. 答案whichever 句意：在我

35、们学校有多达五个学生俱乐部。你可以加入( 这五个俱乐部中) 最让你感 兴趣的那个。 “_ interests you most”为宾语从句， 该从句缺少主语；题干中已给出范围(as many as five student clubs)，所以用whichever来表示这五个学生俱乐部中的任何一个。 142016四川二次诊断The happiest people enjoy _ each age gives them. 答案what/whatever 句意：最幸福的人们享受每个年龄赋予他们的(任何 ) 东西。“ _ each age gives them ”为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且设空处表

36、示物，故用what/whatever引导。 152016湖南常德模拟Only you know _ is best for you. 答案what 句意：只有你知道什么对你来说是最好的。“_ is best for you”为宾语从句。 该从句缺少主语，且设空处指物，故用what 引导。 1620 16山西二模 My mother knew where we were at all times. She knew _ our friends were. 答案who/where 句意：我母亲总是知道我们在哪里。她知道我们的朋友是谁/ 在哪里。根据句意可 知，设空处在宾语从句中作表语，并表示身份或

37、地点，故用who/where 引导。 172016河南模拟I had no idea of _ a stage manager actually did. 答案what 句意：我不知道舞台经理实际做些什么。“_ a stage manager actually did ” 为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语，且设空处指事物，故用what 引导。 182017江西模拟It is obvious _ the local government can do to protect the environment for future generations. 答案what 句意：为了子孙后代，当地政府在保护环

38、境方面所能做的事情是显而易见的。It为形式 主语，“ _ the local government can do.”为主语从句，该从句中缺少宾语(do 的宾语 ) ，且 设空处表示事物，所以填what。 192016四川四校联考Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to use it for. 答案what 句意：选择对的词典取决于你想用它来做什么。“_ you want to use it for” 为宾语从句，该从句缺少宾语(介词 for 的宾语 ) ，且设空处表示事物，故答案为what。 202017陕西渭南模拟_make

39、s the school famous is _ more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities. 答案What； that 句意：让这所学校出名的是有超过90% 的学生被大学录取了。“_ makes the school famous”为主语从句， 该从句中缺少主语， 且设空处指事物， 故第一空答案为What； “_ more than 90% of the students.”为表语从句，该从句不缺任何成分，意思完整，故第二空填that 。 212015北京高考_we understand things ha

40、s a lot to do with what we feel. 答案How 句意：我们如何理解事物与我们的感受有很大关系。分析句子结构可知，“_we understand things”在句中作主语，是主语从句。根据句意可知，此处应用连接副词how。 最新教育教学资料精选 最新教育教学资料精选 22 2016青岛模拟 The problem is _ we can improve our reading skills in such a short time. 答案how/whether 句意：问题是我们如何/ 是否能在这么短的时间内提升阅读技能。根据句意填 how/whether ，引导表

41、语从句。 232016江苏调研A warm thought suddenly came to me _ I might buy some flowers for my friends mothers 60th birthday. 答案that 句意：我突然有了一个很温馨的想法，我可以为我朋友的妈妈60 大寿买些鲜花。空格 处引导同位语从句，作a warm thought的同位语。该从句不缺任何成分，故用that 引导。 242015重庆高考We must find out_Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him. 答案when 句意：我们一定

42、要搞清楚卡尔什么时候来，以便我们给他订房间。由句意可知，要给卡 尔订房间，那么就要清楚他来这里的时间，故填when。 252015江苏高考_Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some wont accept it. 答案Where 依据语境可知，此处指有些人对大诗人李白的出生地存在质疑。分析句子结构可知， “_Li Bai ，.was born”在句中作主语，且其中只缺状语，因此填Where，引导主语从句。 262015浙江高考If you swim in a river or lake, be

43、 sure to investigate _ is below the water surface. Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water. 答案what 句意：如果你在河里或湖里游泳，一定要查明水下的状况。经常会有岩石或树枝隐藏在 水中。“ _ is below the water surface”为宾语从句，作动词investigate的宾语，该从句中 缺少主语且表示事物，故答案为what。 272017重庆模拟With many cities in China dreadfully blanketed by thick

44、 haze, the environmental problem is _ Chinese people concern most nowadays. 答案what 句意：随着中国许多城市被厚厚的雾霾所笼罩，环境问题成了当今中国人最为关注的问 题。 is 后为表语从句，该从句缺少宾语(concern的宾语 ) ，且设空处指事物，所以填what 。 282016安徽联考 Its my treat today. Is there anything particular you would like to have? _ you choose is fine with me. 答案Whatever 句意：今天我请客，你有什么特别想吃的吗？无论你选择什么对我来说都 可以。 whatever you choose “无论你选择什么”；whatever anything that。 292015四川高考The exhibition tells us _we should do something to stop air pollution. 答案why 句意：该展览告诉我们为什么我们要采取措施阻止空气污染。根