1、MooringIntegrityManagementAPIRECOMMENDEDPRACTICE2MIMFIRSTEDITION,SEPTEMBER2019REAFFIRMED,JUNE2025SpecialNotesAPIpublicationsnecessarilyaddressproblemsofageneralnature.Withrespecttoparticularcircumstances,local,state,andfederallawsandregulationsshouldbereviewed.NeitherAPInoranyofAPsemployees,subcontr
2、actors,consultants,committees,orotherassigneesmakeanywarrantyorrepresentation,eitherexpressorimplied,withrespecttotheaccuracy,completeness,orusefulnessoftheinformationcontainedherein,orassumeanyliabilityorresponsibilityforanyuse,ortheresultsofsuchuse,ofanyinformationorprocessdisclosedinthispublicati
3、on.NeitherAPInoranyofAPsemployees,subcontractors,consultants,orotherassigneesrepresentthatuseofthispublicationwouldnotinfringeuponprivatelyownedrights.APIpublicationsmaybeusedbyanyonedesiringtodoso.EveryefforthasbeenmadebytheInstitutetoensuretheaccuracyandreliabilityofthedatacontainedinthem;however,
4、theInstitutemakesnorepresentation,warranty,orguaranteeinconnectionwiththispublicationandherebyexpresslydisclaimsanyliabilityorresponsibilityforlossordamageresultingfromitsuseorfortheviolationofanyauthoritieshavingjurisdictionwithwhichthispublicationmayconflict.APIpublicationsarepublishedtofacilitate
5、thebroadavailabilityofproven,soundengineeringandoperatingpractices.Thesepublicationsarenotintendedtoobviatetheneedforapplyingsoundengineeringjudgmentregardingwhenandwherethesepublicationsshouldbeutilized.TheformulationandpublicationofAPIpublicationsisnotintendedinanywaytoinhibitanyonefromusinganyoth
6、erpractices.Usersofthisrecommendedpracticeshouldnotrelyexclusivelyontheinformationcontainedinthisdocument.Soundbusiness,scientific,engineering,andsafetyjudgmentshouldbeusedinemployingtheinformationcontainedherein.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,translated,storedinaretrievalsystem,o
7、rtransmittedbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.ContactthePubIisher5APIPublishingServices,200MassachusettsAvenue,NW,Washington,DC20001.Copyright2019AmericanPetroleumInstituteForewordNothingcontainedinanyAPIpublicationistob
8、econstruedasgrantinganyright,byimplicationorotherwise,forthemanufacture,sale,oruseofanymethod,apparatus,orproductcoveredbyletterspatent.Neithershouldanythingcontainedinthepublicationbeconstruedasinsuringanyoneagainstliabilityforinfringementofletterspatent.Theverbalformsusedtoexpresstheprovisionsinth
9、isdocumentareasfollows.Shall:Asusedinastandard,ushal,denotesaminimumrequirementinordertoconformtothestandard.Should:Asusedinastandard,t,should,denotesarecommendationorthatwhichisadvisedbutnotrequiredinordertoconformtothestandard.May:Asusedinastandard,umaydenotesacourseofactionpermissiblewithinthelim
10、itsofastandard.Can:Asusedinastandard,candenotesastatementofpossibilityorcapability.ThisdocumentwasproducedunderAPIstandardizationproceduresthatensureappropriatenotificationandparticipationinthedevelopmentalprocessandisdesignatedasanAPIstandard.Questionsconcerningtheinterpretationofthecontentofthispu
11、blicationorcommentsandquestionsconcerningtheproceduresunderwhichthispublicationwasdevelopedshouldbedirectedinwritingtotheDirectorofStandards3AmericanPetroleumInstitute,200MassachusettsAvenue,NW3Washington,DC20001.Requestsforpermissiontoreproduceortranslatealloranypartofthematerialpublishedhereinshou
12、ldalsobeaddressedtothedirector.Generally,APIstandardsarereviewedandrevised,reaffirmed,orwithdrawnatleasteveryfiveyears.Aone-timeextensionofuptotwoyearsmaybeaddedtothisreviewcycle.StatusofthepublicationcanbeascertainedfromtheAPIStandardsDepartment,telephone(202)682-8000.AcatalogofAPIpublicationsandma
13、terialsispublishedannuallybyAPI,200MassachusettsAvenue3NW3Washington,DC20001.SuggestedrevisionsareinvitedandshouldbesubmittedtotheStandardsDepartment,API5200MassachusettsAvenue3NW3Washington,DC20001,standardsapi.org.Contents1 Scope12 NormativeReferences13 Terms,Definitions,andAbbreviations13.1 Terms
14、andDefinitions13.2 Abbreviations54 MooringIntegrityManagementProcess64.1 General64.2 MooringIntegrityManagementOverview64.3 Data84.4 Evaluation94.5 Strategy134.6 Process155 InspectionandMonitoring175.1 General175.2 Inspections175.3 Monitoring206 AssessmentProcess216.1 General216.2 SimplifiedAssessme
15、nt216.3 DesignAssessment237 AssessmentMethods247.1 General247.2 AssessmentInitiators257.3 AssessmentInformation257.4 ImplementationFeasibility277.5 RiskAssessment277.6 PerformanceCriteria278 RiskReduction28Annex A (informative)CommentaryAdditionalInformationandGuidance29Annex B (informative)MooringI
16、ntegrityManagementSystemObjectives35Annex C (informative)CausesofFailure37Annex D (informative)IncidentResponsePlanning47Annex E (informative)InspectionMethodsandObjectives55Bibliography72FiguresPhysicalInterfacesbetweenAPIIMStandardsvii1 IMProcessMap72 StepsintheIMProcess83 RiskCategorizationMatrix
17、Example114 MooringDamageAssessmentProcess22JJ2.3/J2.34.5ACCCCE.E.E.E.E.ExampleSystemBlockDiagram(SBD)foranRTMMooringSystemRateofFailureperLineperExposedYearFailureCausesChainandWireRopeFailureLocationbyComponentTypeIntroductionofCausesofFailureVesselNavigationaroundMooringLineExampleInspectionWorkPa
18、ck(Sheet1of3)ExampleInspectionWorkPack(Sheet2of3)ExampleInspectionWorkPack(Sheet3of3)ExampleInspectionChecklist.30.37.37.38.39.63.65.66.6768TablesB.1MooringIMObjectivesbyProjectPhaseC.1MaterialandConfiguration-basedVulnerabilitiesC.2Event-basedCausesofFailureC.3IndicationsofDegradationCausesE.1Inspe
19、ctionMethodsE.2InspectionMethodRequirements354142435659IntroductionThisrecommendedpractice(RP)isoneofthreeadditionstoAPsportfolioofoffshorefloatingstructuresstandardsthataddressintegritymanagement(IM)offloatingsystems(API2FSIM),mooringsystems(API2MIM),andrisersystems(API2RIM).ThisRPisintendedtobeuse
20、dbyownersandengineersinthedevelopment,implementation,anddeliveryofaprocesstomaintainsystemintegrityoffloatingproductionsystems(FPSs)5notincludingtensionlegplatforms(TLPs).Thespecifications,procedures,andguidanceprovidedhereinarebasedoninternationallyrecognizedindustrystandardsandonglobalindustrybest
21、practices.APsexistingsuiteofrecommendedpracticessuchasAPI2FPS,API2T,API2SK,API2RD,andAPI2SIMaddressseveralaspectsoflifecycleintegritymanagementexpectations,andthethreenewstandardsaddtothatsuitebycapturingexperiencesfromowners,operators,integritymanagementspecialists,recognizedclassificationsocieties
22、RCSs)3andregulators,establishingacommonframeworkforIMforFPSs.ThefigurebelowdepictstheinterfacesbetweenthehullandmooringandrisersforvarioustypesofFPSsandtheIMstandardthataddressesthespecificsystems.TensionLegPlatformSparFPSOPhysicalInterfacesbetweenAPIIMStandardsImplementationofeffectiveintegrityman
23、agementforfloatingsystemsrequiresanunderstandingoftheinterfacesbetweenthehull,mooring,andrisersandhowtheytranslatetostewardshipofIMactivitiesinthefield.Thenewstandardshavebeendevelopedwiththeobjectiveofrecognizingandidentifyingkeyinterfaces,andtheyemphasizethecriticalityofasystemslevelapproach.Byhav
24、ingaconsistentsystemslevelapproachandbypursuingarisk-basedframeworktodevelop,evaluate,plan,andimplementanintegritymanagementprogramforafloatingsystem,theusercantailortheIMprogramaroundtheuniquedesigndrivers,in-serviceandoperatingconditionswhileconformingtotheownersorganizationalsafety,healthandenvir
25、onmentriskmanagementpoliciesandregulatoryrequirements.MooringIntegrityManagement1 ScopeThisrecommendedpractice(RP)providesguidancefortheintegritymanagement(IM)ofmooringsystemsconnectedtoapermanentfloatingproductionsystem(FPS)usedforthedrilling,development,production,and/orstorageofhydrocarbonsinoffs
26、horeareas.ThescopeofthisRPextendsfromtheanchortotheconnectiontothefloatingunit(e.g.chainstopper)andincludescomponentscriticaltothemooringsystem(e.g.turretbearings,fairleads,chainstoppers,anchors,suctionpiles).Specificguidanceisprovidedfortheinspection,monitoring,evaluationofdamage,fitness-for-servic
27、eassessment,riskreduction,mitigationplanning,andtheprocessofdecommissioning.ThisRPincorporatesandexpandsontheIMrecommendationsfoundinAPI2landAPI2SK.IntheeventofanydiscrepancybetweenAPI2MIMandAPI2IAPI2SK,AP2IAPI2SKwillgovern.ThisRPisnotintendedfor: structuralsteelworkofturretsystemsandTLPtendons,whic
28、hareaddressedbyAPI2FSIM; thrusters,powergeneration,orcontrolsystem; mobileoffshoredrillingunit(MODU)orothertemporarymooringsthataredeployedandretrievedfrequently; vesselsholdingstationviaadynamicpositioning(DP)system,withouttheuseofmooring.2 NormativeReferencesThefollowingdocumentsarereferredtointhe
29、textinsuchawaythatsomeoralloftheircontentconstitutesrequirementsofthisdocument.Fordatedreferences,onlytheeditioncitedapplies.Forundatedreferences,thelatesteditionofthereferenceddocument(includinganyaddenda)applies.APIRecommendedPractice2l,In-serviceInspectionofMooringHardwareforFloatingStructuresAPI
30、RecommendedPractice2SM,Design,Manufacture,Installation,andMaintenanceofSyntheticFiberROPeforOffshoreMooring3 Terms5Definitions,andAbbreviationsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply.3.1 TermsandDefinitions3.1.1anomalyAnobservationorfindingindicatingthepossibilitythatacerta
31、inparametercouldbeoutsideanacceptabledesignorperformancethreshold.3.1.2assessmentAtechnicalreviewprocesstriggeredbyanassessmentinitiator(asidentifiedduringanevaluation)todemonstratethatasystemorstructureisfit-for-serviceortodeterminetheneedforriskreduction.3.1.3assessmentinitiatorChangesinmooringcon
32、ditionoroperatingexperience,suchasstorms,whichrequireanexistingmooringtoundergoanassessmenttodemonstratefitness-for-service.3.1.4baselineinspectionEstablishestheconditionandstatusofamooringsystematthetimeitisinstalledorcommissioned,orthecurrentconditioniftheinspectionhadnotbeendonewhenitwasinstalled
33、3.1.5conditionassessmentTheprocessofgatheringinformationonamooringsystem,spresentconditiontoperformafitness-for-serviceassessment.3.1.6continuedserviceThecontinuedin-situoperationOfamooringsystembeyonditsoriginalservicelifeorapprovedregulatoryoperatinglife.NOTESometimesreferredtoaslifeextension.3.1
34、7defectAnimperfectionorflawinacomponentofanexistingmooringsystem.NOTEAsusedinthisRP,thetermdefectdoesnotnecessarilydenotethatthemooringsystemisnotfit-for-service.3.1.8designlifeThetimeperiodassumedfordefiningvariousdesignparameterssuchascorrosionallowanceandfatiguelife.3.1.9disconnectablefloatingst
35、ructureAfloatingstructurecapableofdiscontinuingproductionandrapidlyseparatingfromitsancillarycomponents,suchasrisers,moorings,andwellsystemsinresponsetotheoccurrenceofathresholdevent.3.1.10emergencyresponseAresponsetounexpectedfailureincludinglossofoneormoremooringlines,incidentsarisingfromknowndegr
36、aded/degradingmooringcomponents,ormechanicalpartsfailurecausingfunctionalityissue.3.1.11evaluationAnengineeringreviewofintegritydata,usingengineeringjudgment,riskassessment,calculations,analysis,orothermethodstoidentifyanomalousconditions(i.e.assessmentinitiator)anddeterminewhetheradditionaldetailed
37、assessmentorriskreductionisrequiredtodemonstratefitness-for-service.NOTEAnevaluationcanalsoconsistofanengineeringreviewofproposedchangestothemooringsystemtodeterminetheirsignificanceonfitness-for-service.3.1.12extremeeventAdesignmetocean3seismic,and/oricecondition,withalowprobabilityofexceedance,tha
38、tamooringsystemcanbesubjectedtoduringitsoperationallife.3.1.13failureInsufficientstrengthorinadequateserviceabilityofasystemorcomponenttofulfillitsperformancerequirements.3.1.14fitness-for-serviceAdemonstrationthatamooringsystemhasadequateintegrityfortheintendedoperatingconditionswhilemaintainingdes
39、ignfunctionality.3.1.15floatingproductionsystemApermanentlymooredfloatingplatformthatutilizesthemooringsystemunderconsideration(sameast,hostplatform.,)3.1.16hazardidentificationTheprocessofidentifyinghazardsinthefacility.3.1.17hazardousoperationsOperationsthathaveaconcerningprobabilityofcausinginjur
40、ytopersonnelorpollutiontotheenvironment.3.1.18in-serviceTheconditionthatcharacterizesamooringsystemthathasbeencommissionedandplacedinoperation.3.1.19inspectionAspecificvisualornondestructiveexaminationperformedforcollectingdatarequiredinevaluationofamooringsystem,sintegrity.3.1.20installationComplet
41、eassemblyincludingstructure,topsides,foundationsandstationkeepingsystem.3.1.21integritydataInformationonthedesign,condition,andoperationofamooringsystem.3.1.22lifeextensionTheprocedureofdemonstratingtheextensionoftheoperationallifeofamooringsystembeyondthelifespecifiedduringtheoriginaldesignand/oras
42、originallypermitted.3.1.23managementofchangeAsystemforreviewandapprovalofchangesinprocesses,procedures,orphysicalcomponentspriortoimplementationofthechange.NOTEThisusuallyincludesassessmentofrisk,economic,andscheduleimplications.3.1.24mechanicaldamageAdefecttypethatcanincludedents,bows,gouges,holes,
43、andseparatedorseveredmembers.3.1.25mitigationActionstakentolimitnegativeconsequencesortoreducethelikelihoodofoccurrenceofaneventorcondition.3.1.26mooringAnarrangementofchains,wireorsyntheticropes,anchorsandvariousconnectingcomponentsthatformsastationkeepingsystemforanFPS.3.1.27operatorTheperson,firm
44、corporation,orotherorganizationemployedbytheownerstooperateafloatingproductionsystem.3.1.28originaldesigncriteriaDesignbasisanddesigncodesusedintheoriginalmooringsystemdesign.NOTEThedesigncriteriaincludereferencecodes,metoceanconditions,analysismethods,safetyfactors,andoriginaldesignassumptions.3.1
45、29originaloperatingconfigurationTheoperatingconfigurationthatthemooringsystemwasoriginallydesignedfor.3.1.30ownerApartywhoownsthephysicalinfrastructureassets(pipelines,floatingsystems,orterminals)and/orapartywhoownscapacityrightsinthosephysicalassetsbutdoesnotowntheassetsthemselves.3.1.31performanc
46、ecriteriaCriteriausedinafitness-for-serviceassessmentofthemooringsystem.3.1.32performanceparameterSpecifiesaperformancegoalofthemooringsystem(e.g.,FPSoffset).3.1.33performancestandardBenchmarkagainstwhichactualperformanceismeasured.3.1.34qualitativeriskassessmentProjectmanagementtechniqueconcernedwi
47、thdiscoveringtheprobabilityofariskeventoccurringandtheimpacttheriskwillhaveifitdoesoccur.3.1.35repairTheworknecessarytorestoreadeterioratedstructureorsystemtoaconditiondeemedfit-for-service.3.1.36residualstrengthTheultimatestrengthofamooringsysteminadamagedordegradedcondition.3.1.37riskbasedinspecti
48、onAprocessthatdefinesinspectionfrequencyandmethodsbasedontheprobabilityandconsequenceoffailureofthecomponentorsystem.3.1.38semi-submersibleAfloatingsystemnormallyconsistingofadeckstructurewithseveralwidelyspaced,largecross-sectionssupportingcolumnsconnectedtosubmergedpontoons.3.1.39servicelifeThetimeperiodbetweenamoori
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