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1、http:/ *1* 高三英语语法复习专题（13） Unit13 状语从句 一、考点聚焦 1、时间状语从句 （1）as、when、 while 用法一览表。 类别作用例句 as as 表示“当 , 的时候” ，往往和when/ while 通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的 动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。 She came up as I was cooking.(同时 ) The runners started as the gun went off.(几乎 同时 ) when (at or during the time that )既可以表示在 某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间 内， 主句
2、与从句的动作或事情可以同时发 生也可以先后发生。 It was raining when we arrived.( 指时间点 ) When we were at school, we went to the library every day.( 在一段时间内 ) while while 意思是“当 , 的时候”或“在某 一段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从 句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从 句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在 when 表示 a period of time 时，两者可以 互换。 Please dont talk so loud while others are worki
3、ng. He fell asleep while/when reading. Strike while the iron is hot.( 用 as或 when 不可，这 里的 while 意思是“趁 , ”) （2）引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有： till, not , until , until, before, since Don t get off the bus until it has stopped. He waited for his father until(till)it was twelve oclock. It will be five years before
4、 he returns from England. hardly / scarcely , when, no sooner , than, as soon as once 表示“一 , 就” As soon as I have finished it , Ill give yu a call. Once you show any fear, he will attack you. We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain. No sooner had he arrived / He
5、had no sooner arrived than she started complaining. directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that, 一, 就 He made for the door directly he heard the knock. each time, every time, by the time http:/ *2* Each time he came to my city, he would call on me. 注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。 2、让步状语从句 （1）althoug
6、h与 though 可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but 连用，但可以与yet 连 用。 Although they are poor,(yet)they are warm-hearted. （2）even if或 even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”， “纵然”，用来使人注 意下文所强调内容的性质。 I ll get there even if(though)I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air. （3）no matter后接上who、what、 where、 how 等疑问词，也可以在这类疑问词后面
7、加上 ever 构成 whoever、 whatever 、wherever 、however 等。 Don t trust him, no matter what / whatever he says. Whoever breaks the law will be published. No matter how hard the work is, youd better try to do it well. （4）as 也可以引导让步状语从句。要用倒装。 Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot. Much as I like it, I won t bu
8、y. Try as he would, he couldnt lift the heavy box. 3、原因状语从句：because, for, as, since, now that （1）表示不知道的原因时用because, 即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此because 从句 是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。 You want to know why Im leaving? Im leaving because Im full. for虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较because 要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只 能置于主句之后，这时，for 是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而
9、是对前面主句的内容加以 解释或推断时，只能用for 。如： It s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很 显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因。） （2）表示已经知道的原因时用as 或 since, 即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或 已为听话人所熟悉，因此它是句中不很重要的部分。since要比 as 正式一些，它们通常被 置于语句之前，但有时却相反。 Seeing all of the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, let s start.” (3) 下
10、列情况下只能使用because: 在回答why 的问句时； 在用于强调句型时； 被 not 所否定时。 4、地点状语从句：where, wherever Make a mark wherever you have any questions. We will go where the Party directs us. http:/ *3* 5、目的状语从句：that, so that, in order that 注意：目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句。不可置 于句首。 6、结果状语从句： that, so that, so , that, such , tha
11、t , 注意： so + 形容词 / 副词 + that从句； such + 名词 + that从句。 7、方式状语从句：as, as if(though) I ll do as I am told to. It looks as if it is going to rain. 8、比较状语从句：than, as 9、 条件状语从句： if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, a far as, on condition that. 注意 if与 unless 的区别：不能用 and连接两个 unless 从句，即不能有,unless ,and u
12、nless ,。但 if , not and if , not却不受此限。 You won t lose your weight unless you eat less and unless you exercisemore.( ) 但可以说, unless you eat less and exercise more. 10、注意状语从句中从句的省略现象 （1）连接词 + 过去分词 Don t speak until spoken to. Pressure can be incrased when needed. Unless repaired, the washing machine is
13、 no use. （2）连词 + 现在分词 Look out while crossing the street. （3）连词 + 形容词 / 其他 常见的有it necessary、if possible、when necessary 、 if any等。 二、精典名题导解 选择填空 1. I don t think I ll need any money but I ll bring some _. (NMET 2000) A.as last B.in case C.once again D.in time 解析：答案为B。句意为“带些钱以防万一”，只能选择in case。引导的条件状语从
14、句， 后面省略了I should need it 。 2. The WTO can t live up to its name _ it doesn t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. （ NMET 2000） A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though 解析：答案为C。本题考查状语从句的用法。句意为“假如世贸组织不包括占世界人口 五分之一的中国的话，那它就名不副实”。as long as 语气过于强烈，while 和 even though 不 符合句意。 http:/ *4*
15、 3、Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up_I could answer the phone.(NMET 2000) A.as B.since C.before D.until 解析：答案为C。题意为：半夜里有人打来电话，我没来得及就挂了。but 暗示在接话 前就挂了。 4.You should try to get a good night s sleep much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 解析：答案为A。此题考查连词用法，依据结构However + 形 /副+主语 +谓语。故选A。 5.He speaks English well indeed, but of course not a native speaker. A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than 解析：答案为C。此题考查So adj./adv. As 和 as adj. / adv. As 用法，前者主要用于否定 句，在这里要修饰谓语动词，故选C。