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1、名言警句： Your smiling at me is my daily dose of magic. 第 1 页 共 6 页 状语从句 知识点精讲：状语从句 状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子，用来修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。引导状语从句的 连词被称为从属连词，状语从句需用陈述句语序，可位于复合句的句首或句末。句式为：“状语从句 +逗号 +主句”或“主句+状语从句”。 一、 时间状语从句： 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment,
2、 the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when （1） as、when、while 。 As time went by, his hair turned gray.（随着，一边一边） It was raining when we arrived.(当时，在期间) When / while we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内 ) Plea
3、se don t talk so loud while others are working. （在期间） 辨析 when 与 while when 引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的；另外， when还可用作并列连词，其意义为“在那时，在这时”相当于“and at this/that time”。常用于下列 句式： sb. was doing sth. when. sb. was about to do/going to do/ on the point of doing sth. when. sb. had just done sth. Whe
4、n. 从外， when还表示原因，“既然”；while 有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意为“而”、“却”，when 无这样的用法。 It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in 5 minutes.( 既然 ) His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.（而） (2) till, not until , until, before, since 辨析 till与 until 1、一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能 。例如： Until
5、 you told me I had no idea of it. Don t get off the bus until it has stopped. 2、not.until 句型中的强调和倒装用法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.(强调句型 ) Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.（ Not until置于句首，主句要倒装） （3） It will be + 一段时间 + before. 多久之后才 . It will be half a year
6、before I come back. （4）在“ It is + 一段时间 + since从句”句型中，时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结 束时算起。 It is 3 years since the war broke out.战争爆发以来有3 年了。 （It is 3 years ago that the war broke out. 强调句 3 年前，战争爆发了。 ） It is 3 years since I （have）smoked a cigar(=since I stopped smoking a cigar). 我不吸烟有三年了。 如果译成“我吸烟有三年了”。应为
7、：It is 3 years since I began to smoke. （5） hardly / scarcely when, no sooner than, as soon as, once，directly, immediately, the 名言警句： Your smiling at me is my daily dose of magic. 第 2 页 共 6 页 moment, the minute that表示“一就”。 As soon as I have finished it , Ill give you a call. Once you show any fear, h
8、e will attack you. We had hardly got / Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain. He made for the door directly he heard the knock. 注意： no sooner.than.;hardly/scarcely.when.这一结构的时态搭配： no sooner与 hardly/scarcely引导的句子，谓语动词应用过去完成时 ，而 than 与 when 引导的句子， 谓语动词应用一般过去时 。此外，当把no sooner和 hardly
9、/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序 。如： No sooner had he arrived / He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining. Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain. （6） each time, every time, by the time，the first time, any time Each time he came to my city, he would call on me. The first time I cl
10、imbed onto the wall, I felt nervous. You are welcome to come back any time you want to. 二、地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere 1、指具体地点时，从句可用于主句之前或之后 Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武汉位于长江和汉水汇合处。 Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(这里where 引导的从
11、句不是定语从句) 哪 有问题，你最好在哪做个记号。 He would keep in touch with us wherever he was .他无论在什么地方，总是与我们保持联系。 注意区分where 引导的定语从句与状语从句： Youd better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句 ) Youd better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句 ) 三、原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as, for 特殊引导词：se
12、eing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that. 1、表示 不知道的原因时用 because, 即说话人认为听话人不知道，因此 because 从句是全句最重要的部分， 通常它被置于主句之后。 2、表示 已经知道的原因时用 as 或 since,sincenow(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明显的原因， 由此加以推论。例如： Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk. Seeing all o
13、f the children already seated, he said,“Since everyone is here, lets start.” 3、下列情况下只能使用because: 在回答why的问句时； 在用于强调句型时； 被 not 所否定时。 注意： for 是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列句，引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。 例如： It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet. It s morning now, for the birds are singing.（很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是
14、早上”的原因。） ( 这两句中的for都不可换为because 或 as,since等。 ) 四、目的状语从句 常用引导词：so that, in order that 特殊引导词：lest “唯恐，以免，担心”, in case, for fear that ，in the hope that, for the purpose 名言警句： Your smiling at me is my daily dose of magic. 第 3 页 共 6 页 that, to the end that 从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：can, could, may, might, should等。
15、 如： Let s take the front seats (so) that we may see more clearly. 我们坐前排吧，这样我们看得更 清楚些。 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.早点儿放 学是为了让孩子们在暴风雨到来之前回家。 He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.他把名字写下省得忘了。（该从句中一般 用情态动词should+ 动词原形，或省略should ）
16、Better take more clothes in case/lest the weather is cold.最好多带些衣服以防天气会冷。 五、结果状语从句 常用引导词： so that, such that, 特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that so + 形容词 / 副词 +that从句 so + 形容词 + a/an +可数名词单数形式+ that从句 so +many/much/few/little + 名词 +that从句 such + a/an + 形容词
17、+可数名词单数形式+ that从句 such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数形式/ 不可数名词 + that从句 从句 such+a lot of / lots of+名词 +that从句 注意：当so 或 such 置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如： So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. He didn t plan his time well, so that/so he didnt finish the work in time. 他没把时间计划好，结果没按时完
18、成这项工作。 We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. 我们走得匆忙，把门都忘了锁了。（such 是形容词，后接名词） The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map. 这村子太小，所以这地图上没有。（so 是副词，后接形容词或副词） Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much = Jenny is so clever a girl that. Jenny 是如
19、此聪明的女孩，以至老师们都非常喜欢她。 但是，当名词前有many, much, few, little(少) 修饰时，要用so, 不能用 such。例如： I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over. 我摔了许多跤，以至于浑身青一块，紫一块。 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以经常感到孤独。 六、条件状语从句 常用引导词： if, unless, 特殊引导词： as/so long as, only if, providing/provide
20、d that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that unless （=ifnot, 除非） , in case（万一） , so /as long as（只要） , as/ so far as（就而 言）, on condition that （条件是）, suppose/supposing（假设） （仅用在问句中）, provided that( 如 果) 等词或词组引导。 As/So long as we dont lose heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我
21、们不灰 心，我们就能找到克服困难的方法。 Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.万一你有什么困难，请给我们一个信儿。 If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning, youd better get to bed now. 如果你明早6 点钟走，你最好现在就上床。 We ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy. 名言警句： Your smiling at me is my daily dose of
22、magic. 第 4 页 共 6 页 只要你能保持整洁，我们可以让你使用这个房间。 As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.据我所知，他是一个DNA专家。 He ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low. 他会接受这项工作的，除非薪水太少/ 如果薪水不太少的话。 Suppose/Supposing we can t get enough food, what shall we do? 假设我们弄不到足够的食物，那我们怎么办？ 七、方式状
23、语从句 常用引导词：as, as if, as though（仿佛）， how 特殊引导词：the way 其中， 由 as if或 as though引导的从句，一般用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况很可能实现， 也可用陈述语气。 Do in Rome as the Romans do.入乡随俗。 Leave things as they are.让一切顺其自然。 The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.(虚拟语气 ) I feel as if I have a fever.(陈述语气 ) 八、让步状语从句 常用引导词：t
24、hough, although, even if, even though 特殊引导词： as( 用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装) ，while ( 一般用在句首 ) ，no matter ， while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever We won t be discouraged even if(=even though) we fail ten times. 我们就是失败十次也不泄气。 It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were sco
25、red.那是一场精彩的球赛，尽管一个 球都没进。 (though, although不能与 but连用， 但可与 yet 连用 ) Whether you believe it or not, its true.不管你信不信，这是真的。 However (=No matter how) expensive it may be, Ill take it. 无论它有多贵，我也要买下它。 Don t let them in, whoever(=no matter who) they are. 不管他们是谁，别让他们进来。 No matter what I say or how I say it, h
26、e always thinks Im wrong. 无论我说什么或怎么说，他总认为是我错。 注意： 1、连词 as 也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要倒装 。 as 从句一般放在主句之前，需用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词，前 置时要省略冠词。如： Child as he is, he knows a lot.(表语置于句首，表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词) Much as I like it, I won t buy it, for its too expensive.(状语置于句首) Try as he might,he could not find a job
27、.(动词原形置于句首) Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或 Young though he is, he. 他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。( though 也有这种用法，可以替换as, 但 although没有这种用法) 2、though 还可以用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，放在句末。如： It was hard work;I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.那工作很苦，但是我 喜欢干。 3、whether.or.(不管 . 还是 .); 疑问词 +ever
28、 与 no matter +疑问词（不管。；无论。）。 如： Whether you believe it or not, it is true. Whatever (=No matter what) you say, he wont believe you. 名言警句： Your smiling at me is my daily dose of magic. 第 5 页 共 6 页 Whoever you are(=No matter who you are), you must obey the rules. 4、whoever,whatever,whomever,whichever还可
29、以引导名词性从句。如： You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句 ) 九、比较状语从句 常用引导词：as( 同级比较 ), than(不同程度的比较) 特殊引导词： the more the more ; just as ，so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as B 比较状语从句常由than （比） , as （与一样）等词引导： It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。 Our country
30、is as big as the whole of Europe.我们的国家同整个欧洲一样大。 The result was not as/so good as I had expected.结果不如我预料的那么好。 The busier he is, the happier he feels.（常见句型）他越忙越开心。 十、两点提示 1、状语从句的省略现象 就状语从句而言, 有时为了使语言言简意赅, 常常将状语从句进行“简化 “。 (1) 当状语 从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be 时 ,it和 be 可以完全简化掉。例如 : If (it is) possible, he will hel
31、p you out of the difficulty.如果可能的话, 他会帮你摆脱困境。 You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you.除非情况对你来说不方便, 否则你 必须出席这次会议。 (2) 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时, 从句可以将主语和be 动词简化掉 As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。 Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping.她有空就去逛商店。 Whi
32、le (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。 He wont go there with us unless (he is) invited. 除非受到邀请 , 否则他不会和我们一道去那里。 He stood up as if (he were) to say something.当时他站起来好像要说什么。She looked *注意 : 当从句主语和主句主语不一致时, 从句部分要么用完全形式, 要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如 : When the meeting was over, all t
33、he people went out of the meeting-room.当会议结束时, 人们都走 出了会议室。(=The meeting over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.) 2、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将 来。 We ll go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow. I ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai. Where, when 引导定语从句与状语从句的区别 十一、 whe
34、re、when 引导定语从句与状语从句的区别 定语从句前有先行词，而状语从句没有先行词 This is the place where we used to live a few years ago. Let s go where we can find a better job. where 和 when 引导定语从句时，可用“介词+关系代词”替换，但引导状语从句时不行 This is the factory where(=in which) his father once worked. Put back the book where it was. 典型例题讲解及思维拓展 1. Tim
35、is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. 名言警句： Your smiling at me is my daily dose of magic. 第 6 页 共 6 页 A. once B. when
36、C. if D. unless 3. Because of the heavy traffic， it was already time for lunch break she got to her office Asince Bthat C when Duntil w 4. John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 5. Today, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will
37、be left out. A. when B. where C. how D. what 拓展变式练习 1. My parents don t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 2. You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 3. All the dishes in this menu,
38、otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless 4. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since 5. Did you return Freds call? I didn t need to _I ll see him tomorrow. A. though B. unless C. when D. because 6. I m sorry you ve been waiting so long，but itll still be some time _ Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till D. after 课后反思小结