九年级英语上册专项十二简单句、并列句、复合句练习牛津版..pdf

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1、简单句、并列句、复合句 句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合勾。复合句又包括宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句等。并列 连词和从属连词的选用、宾语从句的语序和时态、时间状语从句和条件状语从句的时态以及定语从句中关 系词的选用等是历年中考考查的热点。 考点一简单句 1. 主语十连系动词十表语 此句型中的表语由名词、形容词、相当于名词或形容词的词以及短语等充当，和连系动词一起构成谓 语，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。如： She felt worried. 她感到忧虑。 连系动词主要是be 动词， am 、is 、 are 及其因时态不同而变的不同形式。另外感官动词一般都可以 作系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。

2、如sound 听起来， look 看上去， smell闻起来， taste尝起来， feel摸 起来（感到）等。如： The chick tastes delicious.这鸡尝起来味道真美。 还有表示起变化的动词，如get, turn, become, go等，后面可跟形容词作表语。如： In autumn, leaves turn yellow.秋天树叶变黄。 2. 主语谓语（不及物动词） 此句型中动词是不及物的，不需加宾语就可以表达一个完整的明确无误的意思。有时可带状语修饰其 动词，表达动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等。但状语不算句子的主要成分。如： On Saturday

3、, Ann came home from school a little earlier.星期六， Ann放学回家早一些。 3. 主语十谓语（及物动词）十宾语 在这个句型中，动词是及物动词，因而必须带宾语。宾语是谓语动词动作行为的对象，由名词、代词 或相当于名词的词或短语等充当，和及物动词一起构成谓语，说明主语做什么。 如： They reached the village on time. 它们按时到达了那个村庄。 4. 主语十谓语（及物动词）十间接宾语十直接宾语 在这个句型中， 谓语动词要带两个宾语，称双宾语动词。 其中间接宾语指人，这类动词常有give, tell, pass, teac

4、h, buy等。如： The teacher told us an interesting story.老师给我们讲了个有趣的故事。 间接宾语有时也可以改成一个由to 或 for 引起的短语，放在直接宾语之后，在意思上没有什么差别。 如： Please give this book to the teacher. 在下面情况中，用to 或 for 引起的短语比用间接宾语好些。 (1) 当直接宾语是人称代词时。如： I ll send it to you tomorrow.我明天给你送来。 2 (2)当直接宾语比间接宾语短时。如： We re going to sing a song for a

5、ll of you.我们要为你们大家唱一支歌。 (3) 当需要对间接宾语加以强调时。如： Can you draw a picture of a tree for me？你能为我画一张树的画吗？ 双宾语动词后用to 或 for引起间接宾语一般是固定的。现将用在to 和 for引起间宾的双宾语动词 归纳如下： (1)由 to 引起间宾的双宾语动词有：give, hand, lend, pass, pay, post, read, return, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, wish, write。 (2)由 for引起间宾的双宾语动词有

6、：build, buy, call, choose, cook, cut, draw, find, get, leave, play, make, mix, order, pick, prepare, promise, sing, win 另外， bring用 to 或 for引起间接宾语均可；ask 由 of 引起间接宾语。 5. 主语十谓语（及物动词）十宾语十宾语补足语 这个句型说明有些及物动词的宾语后边还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整。宾语补足语的作用是说明 宾语的动作或状态。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如： They called him James.他们叫他吉姆。 宾语补足语可以由名

7、词、动词不定式、形容词、副词和介词短语等充当。 由使役动词make，let ，have 等引起的复合宾语中，若宾补是动词不定式，则要省去不定式符号to 。 如： I have them come tomorrow morning.我让他们明天早上来。 I won t let you go.我不会让你走。 考点二并列句 并列句是由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。并列句中的分句通常用一个 并列连词来连接。根据分句之间的关系，并列句可分为下列四种类型： 1. 表示顺承关系 用连词或逗号、分号连接构成并列句。常见的表示顺承关系的并列连词有and( 和)，not only but

8、also ( 不但，而且 ) 。如： Her father is a doctor and her mother is a teacher.她父亲是医生，她母亲是教师。 Not only did he say it but also he did it他不但说了，而且做了。 【链接中考】 （2015 山东济宁） Practice more, _ youll learn English better. A. or B. so C. and D. but 【答案】 C 2. 表示转折关系 常见表示转折的并列连词有but （但是），yet （可是），while （然而）等。如： It was lat

9、e at night, but he went on doing his homework.夜深了，但是他还在继续做作业。 You can draw a horse in five minutes, yet you kept me waiting for a year.你能在 5 分钟之内 画一匹马，然而你让我等了一年。 She is a doctor while I am a teacher.她是医生而我是教师。 【链接中考】 （2015 安徽） Going to the movies is good, _ I really only like listening to music. 3 A

10、. and B. but C. so D. or 【答案】 B 3. 表示选择关系 常用表示选择的并列连词有or（或者），either or( 不是就是 ) 等。如： Study hard, or you cant pass the exam.努力学习，否则你就不能通过考试。 Either come in or go out.要么进来，要么出去。 【链接中考】 （陕西省） Be careful, _ youll miss the right answer. A. and B. or C. but D. so 【答案】 B 4. 表示因果关系 常见表示因果的并列连词so( 所以 ) ，f or（

11、因为）等。如： He hurt his leg, so he had to stay at home.他弄伤了他的腿，因此他不得不呆在家里。 We had to walk home, for there was no bus last night.昨晚因为没有汽车了, 我只得走回家。 【链接中考】 ( 四川省内江 ) - What do you think of this skirt? - It s beautiful and it fits we well, _ I like it very much. A. since B. so C. but 【答案】 B 在使用并列句时应注意两点： a

12、lthough( 虽然 ) ，though （虽然），不能和but( 但是 ) 连用； so（所以）不能和because（因为）连 用，但可以单独使用。 not only位于句首时，其后的分句要用倒装语序。 【链接中考】 （2015 福建福州） _ my cousin is very young, _ she can help with the housework. A. Once; 不填 B. Though; but C. Although; 不填 【答案】 C 考点三宾语从句 1. 宾语从句的引导词 由陈述句充当宾语从句时，这个宾语从句由that引导，在口语中that可以省去。如： I h

13、ear (that) shes going to give you a call. 我听说她要给你打电话。 由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，该从句由if whether 引导，这个从句要用陈述句的语序。如： He asked if /whether they needed some help. 他问他们是否需要帮助。 如果宾语从句中出现了or not就只能用whether 。 由特殊疑问句充当宾语从句时，该从句由特殊疑问词引导，这个从句要用陈述句的语序。如： Did you hear what I said? 你听见我的话了吗？ I don t know when the plane flies.

14、 我不知道飞机什么时候起飞。 【链接中考】 4 （2015 江苏南京） I saw David in the teachers office this morning. Do you know _ he was there? He went there to hand in his homework. A. how B. whether C. when D. why 【答案】 D （2015 四川凉山） What did he ask just now? He wondered _. A. if they would meet at the school gate. B. when would

15、 they start C. that they would take some food D. how they will get there 【答案】 A （2015 重庆 A）I d like to know _. Maybe in the forest. A. whether we will go camping B. where we will go camping C. whether will we go camping D. where will we go camping 【答案】 B 2. 宾语从句的语序 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句都要用陈述句语序。如： Fathe

16、r tells us what well do this Sunday. 父亲告诉我们这个星期天我们将干什么事。 【链接中考】 （四川省自贡） Do you know _ the new mobile phone last week? Maybe 900 yuan. Im not quite sure. A. how much she paid for B. how much will she pay for C. how much did she pay for 【答案】 A 3. 宾语从句的时态 如果主句的时态是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句，宾语从句可以根据需要使用各种时态。如： Can

17、 you tell me how I can get to the bus stop?你能告诉我怎样去公共汽车站吗？ 如果主句是一般过去时，从句则只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时）。 如： He asked whose handwriting was the best? 他问谁的书法最好? 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理、自然现象或公式、定理、谚语、名人名言等，则用一般现在时。 如： He said that light travels faster than sound. 他说光比声传播得快。 【链接中考】 （天津） He wanted to know _ the E

18、nglish party. A. when will we have B. when we will have C. when would we have D. when we would have 【答案】 D 考点四状语从句 5 1. 时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词有：when （当时） ， while （当时） ，as （当时） ，before （在 以前），after （在以后） ，since （自以来） ，until（直到） ，as soon as （一就） 。如： She will give the book to her when she comes. 她到来时 , 我将

19、把这本书给她。 While Mother was cooking, Father was watching TV. 当妈妈做饭时，爸爸在看电视。 在时间状语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句中的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将 来。如： he will tell you the news as soon as she sees you. 她一见到你就会把这消息告诉你。 【链接中考】 （2015 呼和浩特） Excuse me, may I come in? Not yet. Please wait on your chair _ your name is called. A. and B

20、. until C. after D. since 【答案】 B ( 河北省 ) Peter likes reading a newspaper _ he is having breakfast. A. until B. while C. because D. though 【答案】 B ( 江苏省无锡市 ) Scientists say it may be a few years _ it is possible to test the new medicine on patients. A. because B. after C. before D. since 【答案】 C 2. 条件状

21、语从句 条件状语从句常由if ，unless 等引导。如： He ll go to the cinema with me if it is free. 如果他有空，今天下午就和我一起看电影。 I won t go to the party unless Im invited. 除非我被邀请，否则我不会去参加晚会的。 在条件状语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，从句的谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来。 If I am free, I will go to see you.如果我有空，我就去看你。 【链接中考】 ( 上海)We will have no water to drink _ we

22、dont protect the earth. A. until B. before C. though D. if 【答案】 D （2015 山东莱芜） Your grandfather often does Tai Chi in the park. Yeah, _bad weather stops him. A. when B. since C. unless D. because 【答案】 C 3. 原因状语从句 原因状语从句可以由as, because, since, for等引导。在引导原因状语从句时，because 语气最强， 其次是 as 和 since 。 Since you

23、re not interested, I wont tell you about it.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了 He didn t go to school because he was ill. 他因为生病没去上学。 在原因状语从句中，because 和 so 不能在一个句子中同时出现。 【链接中考】 6 （2015 湖南常德） I like PE _ its fun A. because B. so C. unless 【答案】 A 4. 结果状语从句 结果状语从句主要由sothat与 suchthat引导。 She is so beautiful that many peopl

24、e like her. 她太漂亮了以致很多人喜欢她。 It was such a fine day that nobody wanted to stay at home. 天气这么好，没有人愿意呆在家里 不出去。 “sothat ”和“ suchthat ”两种句型可以互相转换，以使语言变得更加丰富多彩。 He is so young that he cant go to school. He is such a young boy that he cant go to school. sothat与 suchthat的肯定形式可用enough to改写，其否定形式则由too to 改写。 E

25、nglish is so useful that we must learn it well. English is useful enough for us to learn it well. I m so tired that I cant go any farther. I m too tired to go any farther. 【链接中考】 （青海省，宁夏） Did you catch what the teacher said? No. She spoke so fast _ I couldnt hear her very clearly. A. which B. that C

26、. when D. since 【答案】 B 5. 目的状语从句 目的状语从句由表示“为了，以便”的so that（有时省略so） ，in order that等引导。如： They set out early so that they might arrive in time. 他们早点动身，以便及时到达。 He shouted at the top of his voice in order that he might be heard. 他尽力大声叫喊，以便 别人能听见。 如果表示“为了，以便”的目的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同，可用 in order to 或 so as to 取代

27、该目的状语从句。 He hurried through his work in order to catch the train. 他匆匆干完手中的活，为的是能赶上 火车。 I came so early as to catch the first train. 我起得早，以便能赶上头班火车。 【链接中考】 （广东省） The teacher speaks very loudly all the students can hear her. A. so that B. because C. since D. when 【答案】 A 6. 让步状语从句 让步状语从句常由连词though ， al

28、though， even if/though引导。用了 though 就不用 but ， 和 because, so 一样不得同时出现。 Though he has never been to the USA, he is interested in it. 虽然他没去过美国，但他对它很 7 赶兴趣。 【链接中考】 （河南省） it s difficult to make her dream come true，she never gives up A Though B Unless C Because D If 【答案】 A （2015 广东佛山） _ I live in a safe co

29、mmunity, I still feel a little worried when I go out at night A. Although B. Since C. Until 【答案】 A 7. 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由than, as as, not as/ soas引导。如： Mary is more beautiful than Joan. 玛丽比琼漂亮。 Joan doesnt sing so(as) well as Mary. 琼没有玛丽唱得好。 【链接中考】 （广东省） Why don t you like winter in Beijing? Because it

30、is winter in Guangzhou. A. as cold as B. much colder than C. not so cold as D. not colder than 【答案】 B 考点五定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或 代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why 。关系代词和关系副词既联系定语从句和它的先行词，同时又充当定语从句中的一个成分。 1. 关系代词引导的定语从句 who 指人，在定语从句中做主

31、语。如： The man who is talking to our teacher is Mikes father. 和我们老师谈话的那个人是迈克的父 亲。 whom指人 ( 在口语中可用who代替 ) ，在定语从句中做宾语。如： The man (whom) you helped is my neighbor. 你帮助过的那个人是我的邻居。 注意：当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可省略。 whose 指人，在定语从句中做定语。如： What is the name of the boy whose brother is a doctor.他哥哥是医生的那个孩子叫什么？ which指

32、物，在定语从句中做主语和宾语 ( 做宾语时，可省略) 。如： This is a book (which) I bought yesterday. 这就是我昨天买的那本书。( 做宾语 ) that指物或人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。如： Who is the person that is working at a computer over there? 在计算机上工作的那人是谁？( 做 主语，指人 ) 【链接中考】 （2015 福建福州） Nowadays WeChat is very popular among friends. 8 Yes. It seems to be the best

33、 way of communication _ people like. A. that B. which C. who 【答案】 A （2015 浙江杭州） The woman _ is the most important in my life is my mother. A. which B. who C. whom D. what 【答案】 B （广西省桂林） This is my beautiful school _ is near the famous library. A. where B. which C. who D. when 【答案】 B （湖北省荆门） The girl

34、 _ you talked with at the school gate is our new math teacher. A. whose B. which C. whom D. what 【答案】 C 2. 关系副词引导的定语从句 when 引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的day, year等先行词。如： I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 我仍然记得我第一次来北京的那一天。 where 引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的the place, the city等先行词。如： This is the city where I

35、was born. 这就是我出生的城市。 why 引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason 。如： Do you know the reason why it is so hot this summer?你知道今年夏天这么热的原因吗？ 【链接中考】 （湖北省十堰） I began to work in Shanghai in the year _ Hong Kong was returned to China. A. that B. which C. where D. when 【答案】 D （黑龙江省哈尔滨） What do you usually do in your leisure time

36、? I enjoy reading in the library _ I lose myself in a world of good books. A. which B. that C. where 【答案】 C . 连词专练 1. Study hard, _ youll pass the exam. 9 A. or B. and C. but D. so 2. Stop cutting trees, _ the environment will become worse. A. and B. until B. then D. or 3. - Would you like to have s

37、upper with us? - I d love to, _ Im too busy. A. and B. if C. but D. so 4. I can _ swim _ skate. I m going to have some training next year. A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but also 5. None of the shoes in the shop fit me well. They are _ too big _ too small. A. both; and B. ei

38、ther; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 6. - Who will teach you to swim this summer? - The twins. Because _ Lily _ Lucy swim very well. A. both; and B. neither; nor C. either; or D. not only; but also 7. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they havent got everything ready _. A. ever

39、 B. already C. yet D. still 8. _ I live near the sea, I am not a good swimmer. A. But B. Although C. If D. So 9.He met many problems _ he was going over his lessons. A. before B. as soon as C. since D. while 10.We have been good friends _ we joined the same ping-pong team. A. after B. before C. sinc

40、e D. until 11. - Hurry up. The bus is coming. - Oh, no. We mustn t cross the street _ the traffic lights are green. A. after B. since C. while D. until 12. You will learn English well _ you put your heart into it. A. if B. so C. until D. or 13. She went to bed _ the TV play was over. A. that B. so C

41、. after D. so that 14. The sports meet will continue _ it rains this afternoon. A. if B. since C. as soon as D. unless 15. Mr. Green will call you _ he arrives in London. A. so B. as soon as C. though D. so that 16. Please answer in a loud enough voice _ all the students may hear. A. so that B. so C

42、. that D. as 17. The children were playing football happily in the playground _ it began to rain. A. as B. while C. when D. suddenly 18. That is _ our difference lies. A. how B. where C. what D. when 19. _ the desert can be called a sea, _ the camels are the ships in the sea. A. When, as B. If, then

43、 C. Because, so D. If, so 20. The day broke, _ birds began to sing. A. as B. for C. since D. because 21. The bear rushed into the room _ we could shut the door. A. after B. before C. as D. while 10 22. It doesnt matter _ he will come or not. A. if B. whether C. when D. what 23. Jane wore a raincoat

44、_ it was raining. A. since B. but C. however D. because 24. _ the days went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As 25. There was _ much noisy _ the speaker couldnt make himself heard. A. so, that B. so, as C. such, that D. /, that 26. We wont give up _ we should fail ten times. A

45、. even if B. since C. whether D. until 27. _ my hometown is poor now, _ were working hard to make her richer. A. Though, but B. Though, still C. Though, / D. Because, so 28. She cant speak any Japanese, _ she is in trouble in Japan. A. or B. so C. but D. and 29. He hated going shopping, _, he went w

46、ith his wife. A. therefore B. however C. but D. and yet 30. Shantou has some old buildings many new ones. A. not only, but also B. also, and C. neither, nor D. either, or . 状语从句 1. I didn t know he came back _ I met him in the street. A. since B. when C. until D. after 2. - Dick gave me a note while

47、 I _ in the library. - I guess he made it to say “sorry ” to you. A. am reading B. was reading C. reads D. will read 3. - Is the answer to the math problem right? - Let me consider it carefully _ I give you the answer. A. after B. but C. before D. and 4. - I wonder if it _ tomorrow. - Don t worry, if it _, well stay at home. A. rains, rains B. will rain ,rains C. rains , will rain D. will rain,