新目标九年级1-12单元英语笔记整理.pdf

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1、. . 九年级英语 Unit1 1. by + doing 通过方式如：by studying with a group By+ 交通工具 By+时间 By 在什么旁边 By the way。 。 。 。 。 ， go by 。 。 。 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： What/ how about +doing sth.? 如： What/ How about going shopping? Why don t you + do sth.? 如：Why don t you go shoppi

2、ng? Why not + do sth. 如： Why not go shopping? Let s + do sth. 如： Let s go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 5. too to 太而不能常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什 么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与 loudly的用法 三个词都与 “大声“ 或“响亮“ 有关。 aloud 是副词, 重点在出声能让人听见 , 但声

3、音不一 定很大 , 常用在读书或说话上。 通常放在动词之后。 aloud 没有 比较级 形式。如 : He read the story aloud to his son.他 朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 loud 可作形容词或副词。用作副词时 , 常与 speak, talk, laugh 等动词连用 , 多用于比较级 , 须放在动词之后。 如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们 说大声一点。 loudly 是副词 , 与 loud 同义 , 有时两者可替换使用 , 但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思, 可位于动词之前或 之后。如 : He

4、does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 8. be / get excited about sth. = be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到 兴奋。 9. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如 The party ended up sing

5、ing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先 to begin with 一开始 ater on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 ( 用于肯定句 ) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错 如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 make a mistake 犯一个错误如： I have made a mis

6、take. 我已经犯了一个错误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人）如： Don t laugh at me! 不要取笑我 ! 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 17. make up 组成、构成 18. one of +(the+ 形容词比较级 )+ 名词复数形式 其中之一 如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。 19. It s +形容词 +(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来 说) 做某事 如：It s difficult (for me ) to study En

7、glish. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事如： She often practice speaking English. 她经常 练习说英语。 21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已 经决定去北京。 23. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人 / 某事 如： M

8、other worried about his son just now. 妈 妈刚才担心他的儿子。 25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气如： I was angry with her. 我对她生气。 26. perhaps = maybe 也许 27. go by (时间 ) 过去 如： Two years went by. 两 年过去了。 28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事强调 正在发生 see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事如： 如 ：She saw him drawing a picture in the classro

9、om. 29. each other 彼此 30. regard as 把看作为 . 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many 许多修饰可数名词如： too many girls too much 许多修饰不可数名词如： too much milk much too太修饰 形容 词如： much too beautiful 32. change into 将变为 如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。 33. with the hel

10、p of sb. = with one s help 在某人 的帮助下 如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLei s help 在李雷的帮助下 34. compare to 把与相比 如 ： Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。 35. instead 代替用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出 来） instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是用 在句中，动词 如：Last summer I went to Beijing. This year I m going to Shan

11、ghai instead.去年夏天我去北京, 今 年我将要去上海。 I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。 He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。 Unit2 1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 否定形式：didn t use to do sth. / used not to do . . sth. 如：He used to play football after school. 放学后 他过去常常踢足球。 Did he use to play football? Yes,

12、 I did. No, I didn t. He didn t use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句 陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。其反意疑问句用肯定 式。 如： He knows little English, does he? 他一点也不 懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎 不明白，不是吗？ 4. be interested in sth. 对感兴趣 be interested in doing sth. 对做感兴趣 如 ： He

13、 is interested in math, but he isn t interested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但是他对说英语不感兴趣。 5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣， 往往主语是人 interesting adj.有趣的，指某事物 / 某人具有趣味， 主语往往是物 6. still 仍然，还 用在 be 动词的后面如：I m still a student. 用在行为动词的前面如：I still love him. 8. 害 怕 be terrified of sth. 如： I am terrified of

14、the dog. be terrified of doing sth. 如：I am terrified of speaking. 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如： I like to chat with him. 14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人 / 某事worry 是 动词 be worried about sb./sth. 担 心 某 人 / 某 事 worried 是形容词 如：Don t worry about him. 不用担心他。 Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心 他的儿子。 15. all

15、the time 一直、始终 16. take sb. to + 地方送/ 带某人去某个地方如： A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送 到了医院。 Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前 面不能用 to) 17. hardly adv. 几乎不、没有 hardly ever 很少 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之 后，实义 动词之前助动词 / 情态动词 hardly hardly + 实义动词如： I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明 白他们。 I hardly

16、 have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去 做了。 19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完 成时连用如： I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。 20. be different from 与不同 21. how to swim 怎样游泳 不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问句连用， 构成不定工短语。如： The question is when to start. 问题是什么时 候开始。 I

17、don t know where to go. 我不知道去哪。 22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy make sb./ sth. + V原形 make him laugh 23. move to +地方搬到某地如：I moved to Beijing last year. 24. it seems that +从句看起来好像 如： It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他 好像变了许多。 25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事 She

18、helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。 She helped me (to) study English。她帮助我 学习英语。 26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15 岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指 15 岁的人 fifteen years old 指年龄15 岁如： 27. 支付不起 can t /couldn t afford to do sth. can t / couldn t afford sth. 如：I can t/couldn t afford to buy the car. I can t/couldn t aff

19、ord the car. 我买不起 这个辆小车。 28. as + 形容词 ./ 副词 as sb. could/can 尽某人的 能力如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快 的能力去跑。 29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 30. in the end 最后 31. make a decision 下决定下决心 32. to one s surprise 令某人惊讶如： 33. take pride in sth. 以而自豪 =be proud of 如： His father always take pride in

20、 him. 他的 爸爸总是以他而自豪 34. pay attention to sth. 对注意，留心如： You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该 多注意你的朋友。 35. be able to do sth. 能做某事如： She is able to do it. 她能够做到。 36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如： My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经 放弃吸烟了。 37. 不再no more = no longer 如： I play tennis no more/ longer.

21、我不再打 网球。 not any more = not any longer 如： I don t play tennis any more/longer. 我 不再打网球。 38. go to sleep 入睡 Unit3 1. 语态： 英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态 . . 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats. ( 被动语态 ) 鱼被猫 吃。 被动语态的构成 由“助动词 be 及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词 be 有人称、数和时态的变化， 其变化规则与 be 作为连

22、系动词时完全一样。 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态） 如： Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈 允许我每晚看电视。 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态） 如： LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许 去钦州。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 让/ 使（别人）做某事 get sth. done(过去分词 ) have sth. done 如： I get my car made. = I have my

23、 car made. 我让 别人修好我的车 4. enough 足够 形容词 enough 如：beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough 名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有 足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去 读书了。 5. stop doing sth. 停 止 做 某 事Please stop speaking. 请停止说话。 stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please sto

24、p to speak. 请停下来说话。 6. 看起来好像 sb. seem to do sth. He seems to feel very sad. it seems that +从句 It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。 7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常 用的连系动词有： look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持 ), kept等。连系动词除 be 和 become 等少数词可接名词作表语外， 一般都是 接形容词。如：They are very ha

25、ppy. He became a doctor two years ago. 8. 倒装句 : 由 so助动词 (be/do/will/have)/情态动词主语 意为： 也是一样 She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生，我 也是。 由 so主语助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词 意为： 确实这样 9. yet 仍然，还常用在否定句或疑问句当中 10. stay up 熬夜如： I often stay up until 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到 12 点。 11. clean up 打扫整理如： I have cleaned up the be

26、droom. 我已经打扫完了 卧室。 12. 程度副词： always 总是 usually经常 sometimes 有时 never 从 不 如： I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是 / 经常/ 有时/ 从不上学迟到。 13. 曾经做某事： Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I don t. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I have. No, I haven t. 14. go shopping(去购物 )

27、, go fishing(去钓鱼 ), go swimming( 去 游 泳 ), go boating(去 划 船 ), go hiking(去登山 ), go trekking(去徒步 ) 15. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉如： Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子很严厉。 be strict in sth. 对某事严厉 16. take the test 参加考试 pass the test 通过考试 fail a test 考试失败 17. the other day 前几天 18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人

28、 / 某物保持 . 如： We should keep our city clean.我们应该保持我 们的城市干净。 19. both and+动词复数形式如： Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball. Neither.nor 20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习 ( 什么) 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉 姆向他的英语老师学习英语 21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth

29、. 有机会做某事 如 ： I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing. 22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少 at most 最多 24. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. Sh

30、e spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 25. have +时间段 +off 放假，休息如：have 2 days off 26. reply to 答复某人如： She replayed to MrGreen. 27. agree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见如： I agre

31、e to LiLei. 28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她 的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。 29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. . . successfully adv. 30. think about 与 think of 的区别 当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起 那天。 think about 还有“考虑”之意，think of 想 到、

32、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想 出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在 考虑去钦州。 31. 对 热衷，对兴趣 be serious about doing 如： She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。 be serious about sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。 32. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking Eng

33、lish. 33. care about sb. 关心某人如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也用于句中 As well 也（- ） too 也用于肯定句且用于句末 either也用于否定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。 九年级英语 Unit4 1. if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即 虚拟语气 通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发生的动 作或存在的状态 所持的态度或看法的动词

34、形式称为语气，虚拟语气表 示说话人所说的 话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的 假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件 句，非真实条件 句应用虚拟语气。如果要表示与现在或将来事实相反 时，其虚拟语气结构为： 句型条件从句主句 谓 语 动 词 形 式 动词过去式 (be 动 词用 were) would+ 动 词 原 形 即：( 从句 )if +主语 +动词过去式 (be 动词用were), 一般过去时 ( 主句 ) 主语 +would+动词原形过去将 来时 如：If I had time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(

35、事实上我现在没 有时间 ) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。( 事实上我不是 你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒绝。 ( 事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员) 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 I pretended to sleep just now. pretend +从句假装 I pretended that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到 如： I

36、 am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 4. a few 与 a little 的区别， few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些修饰可数名词 a little 一些修饰不可数名词两者 表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶 子里有一些糖。 few 少数的修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不可数名词但两者表否 定意义 如：He has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar

37、 in the bottle.在瓶 子里没有多少糖。 5. still 仍然 , 还用在 be 动词之后，行为动词之前 如： I am still a student. 我仍然是个学生 I still love him. 我仍然爱他。 6. hundred, thousand , million, billion (十亿 ) 词 前面有数词或 several 一词时要不能加s ， 反之， 则要加 s 并与 of 连用， 表 示数量很 多如 ： several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion people 几 百 / 千 / 百 万 / 十 亿 人hund

38、reds of trees 上百棵树 7. what if + 从句如果怎么办 ， 要是 又怎么 样 如： What if she doesn t come? 要是她不来怎么办？ 8. add sth. to sth. 添加 到如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。 9. 系动词与形容词连用 get nervous 变得紧张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好 10. too +形/ 副+to do sth. 太而不能 如： I m too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。 14. ask sb. t

39、o do 叫做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉不要做某事 15. start doing = start to do. 开始做某事如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话。 16. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物如： I borrowed a book from Lily. Lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 17.wait for sb.等某人 如：I am wait for him. 我正

40、 在等他。 18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。 19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事如： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。 20. have dinner/ supper 吃晚饭 have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐 21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词 . . 许多如： They have plenty of food/ apple

41、s. 他们有许多的 食物/ 苹果。 22. 给某人某物 give sth. to sb. 如： give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果 23. get along with sb. 与相处 如： Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你 的朋友相处得好吗？ 24. would rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某 事而不愿做某事如： I would rather walk than run. 26. in fact 事实上 27. let s

42、b. down 让某人失望如： Don t let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望。 28. come up with sth. 提出 想出 如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上赶上如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。 29. have experience doing 在做某事有经验如： I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语 方面有经验。 30. come out 出版，出来如： The maga

43、zine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出版一次。 31. by accident 偶然地，无意之中如：Last week I cut my finger by accident. =by chance 32. hurry to do 匆忙 I hurry to call the police. 34. offer sb. sth. 给某人提供某物 Unit5 现在完成时态 由 have/ has 过去分词 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的 影响或结果 常与 already, just , yet , ever, never 连用 Have you ev

44、er been to China? 你曾经去过 中国吗？ No, I have never been there. 没有，我从 来也没有去过。 表示过去已经开始， 持续到现在的动作或状态和 表示过去某一时刻延续到现在 （包括现在在内） 的一段 时间的状态连用如：（for + 时间段， since + 时间点， 或过去某一动作，以及 how long ） 注： 非延续性动词在现在完成时态中不能和 for, since 引导的表示一段时间的状语的肯定句连用。 应转为相应的延续性动词如： buy- have die- be dead join - be in borrow- keep leave-

45、be away I have bought a pen.- I have had a pen for 2 weeks. The dog has died.- The dog has been dead since last week. have (has) been to + 地点去过某地已经 回来 have (has) gone to + 地点去了某地没有回 来 have been in + 地点一直呆在某地没有 离开过如： She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海。 (已经 回来) She has gone to Shanghai. 她去了上海。 (没有 回来) Sh

46、e has been in Shanghai for 2 days. 她呆上海两天了。 (没有离开过上海 ) 1. 情态动词must, may , might, could, may , can t 表示推测含义与用法后面都接动词原形，都可以表示 对现在情况的揣测和推断但他们 含义有所不同 must 一定 肯定 (100%的可能性 ) may, might, could 有可能，也许 (20% 80% 的可 能性) can t 不可能，不会 (可能性几乎为零 ) The dictionary must be mine. It has my name on it. The CD might/co

47、uld/may belong to Tony because he likes listening to pop music. The hair band can t be Bob s. After all, he is boy! 3. belong to 属于如： That English book belongs to me. 4. 当 play 指弹奏乐器时，常在乐器前用定冠词如： play the guitar play the piano play the violin 当 play 指进行球类运动时，则不用定冠词 如： play football play basketball p

48、lay baseball 5. if引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用 一般现在时代替将来时如： If you don t hurry up, you ll be late.如果你不 快点，你将会迟到 6. if you have any idea= if you know 如果你知道 8. try to do sth. 尝试做某事如： I try to climb the tree. 我尝试爬树。 9. because of , because because of + 名词/ 代词/ 名词性短语 because + 从句如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢。 I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原 因我得搬家。 12. neighbor 邻居指人 neighborhood 邻居指地区也可指附近地区的人 13. local 当地的如：local teacher 当地的教师 14. noise n. 噪音是个可数名词noises 16. anything strange 一些奇怪的东西 当形容词修饰 something, anything, nothing, everything等不定