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1、高中英语必修I 重点单词、短语和句型汇 总 Unit 1 Friendship 重点单词和短语 1. add up 合计 add up to 共计 , 总计达 add to. 往 添加 2. upset sb. 某人不安 upset oneself about sth. 为某事而烦恼 be upset at/about 因 而烦恼 3. ignore sb./sth. 忽视，不理会be ignorant of/about 对 无知，不了解 ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的ignorance n. 无知，愚昧 4. calm vt.饥饿 ;寒冷 ;死 亡 sufferer n. 受苦者
2、suffering n. 痛苦 , 苦难 23. recover from illness 生病后恢复 24. get/be tired of 对 厌烦 25. pack (sth.) up 将（东西）装箱打包 26. get along / on with get along / on with sb. 与某人相处 get along / on with sth. 某事进展 get along / on well / nicely / badly with 与 处得好/ 不好 ; 进展顺利/ 不顺利 27. fall in love/ be in love (with sb.) 相爱，爱上（
3、某人） 28. join in sth. / doing sth. 参加活动join in playing football 参加踢足球 join in the game 参加游戏活动join 参加组织团体 join the army 参军 join sb. in 和 一起参加 活动join them in singing 与他们一起唱歌 29. have trouble / difficulty / problem with sb. / sth. 和某人相处/ 做某事有困难 have trouble / difficulty / problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
4、30. 虚拟语气 should have done sth. 本应该做某事（而实际上没做）= ought to have done sth. shouldn t have done sth. 本不应该做某事（而实际上已做） could have done sth. 本来可以做某事（却未做） can t/ couldn t have done 不可能做过某事 31. keep me spellbound 使我着迷 spellbinding adj. 是入迷的；迷人的spellbound adj. 入迷的 32. There was a time when .曾经有一段时间 33. make an
5、 effort / efforts to do sth. 努力去做某事 重点句子 1. Your friend comes to school very upset. 2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 3. she and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. 4. I wonder if its because I havent been ab
6、le to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 5. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the songs of the birds, moon- light and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. 6. It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen
7、 the night face to face 7. It s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced 8. There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together. 9. I still find it hard to make good friends with them 10. I would be grateful
8、 if you could give me some advice Unit 2 English around the world 重点单词和短语 1. because of 因为 (后接名词 .代词 .名词性从句 ) due to “由于 ” , 作表语或状语 ;thanks to “由于 , 多亏 ” , 作表语或状语 ; owing to “由于 ” , 作表语或状语;as a result of “因为 的结果 ” , 作状语 ; on account of “因为 ” , 作状语 2. native adj. 本地的 , 本国的 one s native land/country/l
9、anguage 故乡；祖国；母语 a native speaker of English 以英语为母语的人be native to（动植物）原产于某地 n. 本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物a native of Fuzhou 福州人 3. official: adj 官方的；正式的 an official language 一种官方语言an official document 一份正式文件 4. more than one + n. 不止一个 more than one kind of English 不止一种英语 less than 少于no more than 和 一样不（两者都否定）
10、 more than 更多，超过；只能 rather than 宁可，而不是 more or less 或多或少not more than 不如（前者不如后者）；至多 5. come up: 走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生（主语是物） He came up to me and said hello to me. come up with 想出，提出（主语是人） Your question came up at the meeting. come across邂逅 The sun has come up. come out 出来，出版，显现 I ll let you know if
11、anything comes up. come over 过来，顺便来访 come up with a good idea: 想出一个好点子come about 发生 6. base vt. 以 为根据： base sth. on sth. 使 以 为依据 /基础 base one s opinions on facts: 意见以事实为依据be based on: 以 为依据 n. 基础： make London the base for revolutionary work 使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地 basis n. 根据；基本原则 on the basis of 在 的基础上the ba
12、sis of/for your opinion 你的看法的依据 7. present v. 赠送；呈现；介绍；描述 present sth. to sb./present sb. with sth. 向某人赠送 /颁发 /授予 /介绍某物 present sb. to sb. else 向某人介绍 /引见某人 adj 现在的；到场的；出席的 be present at the meeting 出席会议the present situation 目前的形式 at present/at the present time 目前；现在everyone present 在场的各位 (前置定语 ) 现在的
13、；当前的 present （后置定语）出席的；到场的 for the present 眼下；暂时n. 赠品；礼物 8. vocabulary 词汇；词汇量 with/have a large vocabulary: 词 汇 量 很 大increase/enlarge vocabulary 增 加 /扩 大 词 汇 （量） 9. make use of 利用；使用 make full use of 充分利用 make good use of 好好利用 make little use of 不充分利用 make the best (use) of 更好地利用；往好里做 make the most
14、of 更好地利用 His progress in study lies in the good use he made of his spare time We should consider what use can be made of such a material 10. such as: 用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“ 名词（ ,）such as+被列举的事 物” 和“ such+ 名词 +as+被列举的事物” 形式出现 Sweet food, such as chocolate can make you fat =Such sweet food as chocolate
15、 can make you fat no such thing 没有这样的事 （ 1） 若 such 与 no, all, most, some, any, another, many, much, a few, few, little, a little, several, one等词连用时，such 应置于这些词之后。 （ 2）如果 so 与 many, much, few, little等词连用时， so 应置于这些词之前。 11. command v. 命令；指令；掌握 command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command (that) sb. (should)
16、 do sth. （从句中谓语用虚拟语气） n. 命令 ;指令；掌握 obey the captain s commands 服从船长的命令give a command 发布命令 by sb s command 根据 的命令take the command of an army: 统帅 /指挥一支军队 under the command of sb.=under sb s command 在 的指挥下 have a good command of English. 精通 /熟练掌握英语 12. request v. 请求，要求 request sth. 要求 /请求得到，索要某物request
17、 sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物 request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 = request that sb. (should) do sth.（从句中谓语用虚拟语气） It s requested that 从句据要求as requested 依据请求 n. 要求，请求 make a request for sth. 要求 /需要某物 make a request that 从句，要求 by request 应邀 at sb s request/at the request of sb.根据 的请求 13. play a part in 在 中担任角色 /起
18、作用play the part of sb 扮演某人的角色 play an important/vital part/role in (doing) sth. 在 中起重要 /至关重要的作用 play the leading role/part 起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角 14. recognize vt. 识别；认出；承认（指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因又重 新认出来） recognize sb./sb s voice. 认出某人 /听出某人的声音 recognize sth./that 从句承认recognize sth./sb. to be 承认某人是 recognize
19、 sth./sb. as sth. 正式认可 /接受某事 /人为 recognition n. 承认，认出beyond/out of recognition 认不出来 15. make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通 16. hold on 别挂 (电话 ); 坚持 17. direction n. 方向；指导；指示（常用复数）；说明书 【要点】用作“ 方向；指导 ” 时，与介词in 或 from 搭配； 用作 “ 指示；说明书 ” 时，则与under 搭配。 ask directions 问路give directions 指路；给予指示 in the direction of 朝 方向
20、 from the direction of 来自 方向 in all directions = in every direction 向四面八方 under the direction of sb. 在某人的指导下 under one s direction according to one s directions 根据某人的指示 follow/ obey/ listen to one s direction 听从某人的指导 18. put sth. down 写下；记下；镇压 19. have fun with sth. 以 为乐 20. believe it or not 信不信由你（
21、常用作插入语，也叫独立成分） 重点句子 1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don t speak the same kind of English. 2. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 3. By the 1600 s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 4. One reason is
22、that English has a large vocabulary. 5. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 6. She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. Unit 3 Travel journal 重点单词和短语 1. transport n. 运输；运送 the public transport of the city 城市公共运输系统the transport
23、 of goods by air 空运货物 in the process of/during transport/transportation 在运输过程中 v运输；运送 transport (from ) to 把 从 运到 transportation n. 运输 a means of transportation 一种运输方式 2. prefer vt. 更喜欢prefer coffee to tea. 更喜欢咖啡而不是茶 prefer doing to doing 更喜欢干 而不愿干 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿干 而不愿干 pref
24、er sb to do sth. 宁愿让某人做某事 prefer that sb (should) do 更宁愿某人干 preference n. (两者之中 ) 较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱 have a preference for 对 偏爱have no particular preference 没有特别的偏好 in preference to . 而不是；优先于 3. ever since. 从那以后 4. persuade vt. 说服；劝服 . persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做 persuade sb
25、. not to do sth. =persuade sb. out of doing sth. 说服某人停止做 ；劝阻某人做 persuade sb. of sth. 或 persuade sb. + that-clause 使某人相信某事 persuasive adj. 有说服力的persuasion n. 说服；劝说 5. graduate. v. （自大学）毕业；获得学位 graduate from 毕业于 （学校） graduate in . 毕业于 （专业） graduate sb. 授予某人学位或毕业文凭 n. 毕业生： a high school graduate: 高中毕业生
26、a science graduate 理学士 graduation n. 毕业（典礼）after/before graduation 毕业后 /前 6. schedule: n. 时间表；进度表class schedule: 课程表 ahead of schedule 较预定的时间提前 on schedule 按照预定的时间，按时 behind schedule 迟于预定的时间；拖后 vt. 为 安排时间 schedule the meeting for that night 会议的时间定在那天晚上 be scheduled to do sth. 预定做某事 7. be fond of (do
27、ing) sth. be into /crazy about (doing) sth. 喜爱（做）某事；对做某事感兴趣 be interested in (doing) sth. 8. organize. vt 组织；成立；安排；整理 organize a football match 组织一场足球赛organize your thoughts 整理你的思路 organize sb. to do sth. 组织某人干某事 9. care about 关心；忧虑；惦念 care for 喜欢；照顾 take care注意；担心 take care of 照顾 with care 小心；谨慎 10
28、. insist v. 坚决要求；主张 insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持做某事 insist on/upon one s doing sth. 坚持要某人做某事 insist that-clause 坚持认为；坚持说 He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是正确的。（陈述语气） He insisted that he should be set free. 他坚决要求他被释放。 （虚拟语气） 11. determine vt. risen) vi. 升高；增长；站在；起床n. 上升；上涨；增升；涨工资 rise by 20% 增长了
29、20% rise to 200. 增长到 200 rise from the chair 从椅子上站起来 Early to bed and early to rise is good to your health早睡早起对身体有好处 ask for a rise 要求涨工资get a rise 升级；涨工资 17. run out of 从 跑出来；用光（不用被动) 18. think little/ nothing of 轻视；忽视；对 满不在乎 think much/ highly of 重视；看重；对 高度评价 think of sb. as 把 看作 19. reach v. 延伸；达
30、成（协议） ；得出结论；伸手够到某物；与 取得联系 The woods reaches as far as the river 森林延伸至河边 reach an agreement 达成协议reach a conclusion 得出结论 reach him by telephone 用电话与他取得联系reach out for sth 伸手去拿 n. 够着；达到out of the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够不着的地方 within the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够得着的地方 above/ beyond the reach of sb. 超出某人的能力 20. giv
31、e out vt. 发出（光；热；气味） ；分发；发表；发布（消息） vi. 用尽；筋疲力尽 21. It sounds/ looks/ feels/seems as if 听/看 /感觉起来 /看来好像 22. in the open air 在户外 23. offer/ send one s congratulations to sb. on sth. = congratulate sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事 24. honor vt. 给予（某人）荣誉；使得到尊敬/荣誉 n. 名誉；面子；敬意；引起尊敬的人或物 honor sb. for sth.=be honored fo
32、r sth. 因某事而受到尊敬/表彰 be/ feel honored to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸 It s a great honor for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说很荣幸 She is an honor to this profession. 她是这一行业的光荣。 have the honor to do/ of doing sth. 有做某事的荣幸 do sb. an/the honor of doing(sth.) 赏光 in honor of sb.=in sb s honor为向 表示敬意；为纪念 25. without warning 在没有任何
33、先兆的情况下 26. the disaster-hit/stricken areas 受灾地区 重点句子 1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat. 2. It seems as if the world was at an end. 3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 4. All hope was not lost. 5. The army organized teams to dig out tho
34、se who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6. As you know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-four years ago. 7. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened. 8. Your parents and your school should be very proud of you! Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero 重点单词和短语 1. quality. n.
35、 质量；品质；性质 be of high good/ low/ poor quality 质量高 /低 a man of fine qualities: 一位有很多好品质的男子the qualities of water 水的特性 qualify v. 使 具体资格（品质） 2. mean adj. 吝啬的；自私；卑鄙的 It s mean of sb. to do sth. 做某事真是太自私/卑鄙了 be mean to sb. about/ over sth. 在某方面对某人很吝啬 3. active. adj. 积极的；活跃的；主动的be active in 在 方面很积极 /活跃 ta
36、ke an active part in 积极参与 leadlive an active life 过着积极的生活 active voice 主动语态activity n. 活动 4. devote vt. (与 to 连用 ) 献身；专心于 devote . to . 把 献给 devote oneself to sth./ doing sth. 献身于，专心于；致力于 be devoted to 致力于；专用于 devote one s life/ time/ money/ energy to sth./ doing sth. 把本人的一生/时间 /金钱 /精力奉献于 devoted. a
37、dj. 忠实的；深爱的；全心全意的 a devoted friend 一位忠实的朋友a devoted mother 一位贤妻良母 5. principle n. 法则；原则；原理in principle. 原则上；大致上 stick to one s principles 恪守自己的原则on the principle of 根据 的原则 against one s principle 违背某人的原则 6. guidance n. 指导；领导 guidance on sth. 对某事物的指导offer guidance to sb. 给某人提供指导 under/ with the guida
38、nce of sb. =under/ with sb s guidance 在某人的指导下 7. out of work=be out of a job 失业 out of control 失去控制out of patience 失去耐心 out of reach 够不着out of date 过时 out of sight 看不见out of money 钱花光 out of mind 心不在焉out of order 坏了；混乱 8. vote vt 出事 have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 make trouble 制造麻烦 take great tr
39、ouble to do sth 不辞辛苦做某事 14. turn to 求助于；致力于；转向；变成；转变到 turn to sb. for help/ advice 向某人求助 /救turn to the left 向左转 turn to page 20 翻到 20 页turn to the English dictionary 查英文辞典 give up medicine and turn to writing 放弃医学转向写作 15. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心lose face 丢脸lose weight 减肥 lose one s heart to 爱上；喜欢上lose on
40、e s way 迷路 lose oneself in 迷上lose one s sight 失明lose one s temper 发怒 16. excape. vi & vt 逃脱；逃走；泄露 escape punishment / being punished 逃避惩罚escape from 从 逃跑 /脱 n. 逃跑；逃脱make one s escape设法逃走have a narrow escape 死里逃生；勉强逃 脱 17. come to power 当权；上台 18. beg v. 请求；乞求beg sb. to do sth. 乞求（某人）做某事 beg sb. for s
41、th. 向某人要某东西Beg your pardon 请原谅；请再说一遍 19. reward n. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏 reward sb. with sth. 用 酬谢某人reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因 而酬谢某人 in reward 作为报酬as a reward for 作为 的报酬（奖赏） give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人奖赏 20. set up a laboratory 建立一个实验室 set up a fund for the Hope Project 为希望工程设立一项基金 set
42、out to do sth. 开始干 ；着手于 set out/ off for sp. 动身去某地 set off 引爆，使 爆炸，动身set about doing sth 开始干（做）某事 21. be sentenced to 被判处 （徒刑） 22.opinion n. 意见；看法；主张 have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of sb./ sth. 对 评价好 /不好 /高/低 in one s opinion = in the opinion of sb. 以 看来 the opinion of/ about sth. 方面的意见 /观点 23.
43、 fight (fought, fought) vi & vt. 打仗；打架；与 进行斗争或奋斗；对抗 fight for 为 而战 fight against 为反对 而战；与 作战（斗争） fight with 同 斗争 /同 并肩作战 fight back 还击；忍住 fight with sb. about 因 而和某人争吵 24. be in prison 坐牢（强调状态）go to prison 去坐牢 escape from prison 越狱 send/ take sb. to prison 把某人送进监狱 put/ throw sb. into prison 把某人投进监狱
44、25. be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人 26. achieve vt. 完成，实现；达到（目的）；赢得（名声） achieve nothing 一无所获 achieve success/ victory 获得成功 /胜利 achieve one s purpose/ goal 达到目的achieve one s aim/dream 实现目标 /梦想 achieve a good reputation 获得好的名声achieve modernization 实现现代化 achievement n. 成绩；业绩achieveable adj.（事情）可完成
45、的；可达到 的 重点句子 1. However, this was a time when one had to have a passport to live in Johannesburg. 2. I worried about whether I would become out of work. 3. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our right and progress. until today we have reached a stage where we have a
46、lmost no rights at all. 4. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 5. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 6. It was a prison from which no one escaped. 7. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep. 8. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass the exams. 9. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.