2018年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读.pdf

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1、2018 年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 1 / 10 题型二 任务型阅读 第一节 回答问题型 Passage 1 Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi an. The audience can hear them, but they cannot see them. That is because they are putting on a shadow play( 皮影戏). Shadow puppets( 玩偶) are made of hard

2、leather. The leather is cut out in the shape of a person, an animal or an object. Each puppet is painted in bright colours and put on a stick. Some puppets have movable arms and legs. During a shadow play, Wang stands behind a white screen with lights behind it. The audience sit in front of the scre

3、en. Wang and his friends hold the puppets very close to the screen so the audience can see the puppets shadows clearly. Then they move the puppets around and do the voices of the different characters. Shadow plays are an ancient Chinese art. Now with TVs and films, shadow plays are not as popular as

4、 before. Wang and his friends often work very hard for little money, but they do not mind. They want to keep this traditional art form alive. 41. How often does Wang Weifang with his friends put on a shadow play? _ 42. What are the shadow puppets made of? _ 43. What color does the screen use in the

5、play? _ 44. Are the shadow plays still popular now? _ 45. Why do Wang and his friends work hard at the shadow play? _ 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的一种古老的艺术形式 皮影戏，以及王伟方和他的朋友们为保护皮影戏所做出的努力。 41. Once a week. 【解析】题干意为：王伟方和他的朋友们多久演一次皮影戏？ 根据第一段第一句 “Every Saturday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in

6、a small town near Xian. ”可知，王伟方和他的朋友每周六都在西安附 近的一个小镇上演皮影戏，即每周一次，故答案是Once a week 。 42. Hard leather. 【解析】 题干意为：皮影戏的玩偶是由什么制成的？根据第 二段第一句 “Shadow puppets （玩偶）are made of hard leather.”可知，皮影戏 的玩偶是由硬皮革制成的，故答案是Hard leather 。 43. White.【解析】 题干意为：在表演中使用的幕布是什么颜色的？根据第三 段第一句 “During a shadow play, Wang stands be

7、hind a white screen with lights behind it.”可知，在皮影戏的表演中，王伟方站在白色幕布后面，幕布后有灯 光，故答案是 White。 44. No, they aren t.【解析】 题干意为：皮影戏现在还仍然流行吗？根据第四 段最后一句 “Now with TVs and films, shadow plays are not as popular as 2018 年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 2 / 10 before.”可知，现在有电视和电影，皮影戏不再像过去那样流行了，故答案是 No, they aren t。 45. Because

8、 they want to keep this traditional art form alive. 【解析】 题干意为： 为什么王伟方和他的朋友们要努力演皮影戏？根据最后一段最后一句“The y want to keep this traditional art form alive.”可知，因为他们想要让这种传统的 艺术形式存活下去，故答案是 Because they want to keep this traditional art form alive。 Passage 2 If you think it is cold where you are at the moment, th

9、en a visit to the Russian village of Oymyakon might just change your mind. The small village is in the heart of Siberia(西伯利亚 ). The name Oymyakon means “non-freezing water ” because of a nearby hot spring, but it is indeed the coldest inhabited(有人 居住的 ) place on the earth. Oymyakon sits just a few h

10、undred miles from the Arctic Circle(北极圈 ). The average( 平均) temperature remains below 50C in winter and the lowest temperature there was 67.7C. This is the lowest recorded temperature in the Northern Hemisphere(北半球 ). Oymyakon is white in winter, since everything is frozen and covered with thick sno

11、w. But it s also dark the length of daytime is only three hours. Because of the weather, people s life there is inconvenient(不方便的 ), yet simple and traditional. Most homes still burn coal and wood for heat. When people go outside, they have to wear fur coats to stay warm. They can t wear glasses, or

12、 the glasses will freeze to their face. There are few modern conveniences for them to enjoy. People don t use mobile phones, because the batteries(电池) cannot work in such low temperatures. Cars can only be placed in heated garages. The ones left outside must keep running, or they won t restart. 46.

13、Which country does the village Oymyakon lie in? _ 47. How far is it from Oymyakon to the Arctic Circle? _ 48. Which season has the shortest daytime in the village Oymyakon? _ 49. What do the villagers wear when they go outdoors? _ 50. Why can t the mobile phones be used in Oymyakon? _ 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明

14、文。主要介绍了俄罗斯的一个叫做Oymyakon 的小村庄的气候以及那儿的人们的生活方式。 46. Russia. 【解析】 题干意为： Oymyakon 位于哪个国家？根据第一段第一句 “If you think it is cold where you are at the moment, then a visit to the Russian village of Oymyakon might just change your mind.”可知，如果你认为现在你在 的地方很冷，那么去俄罗斯的Oymyakon 村可能会改变你的想法，所以 Oymyakon 村在俄罗斯，故答案是Russia。

15、2018 年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 3 / 10 47. A few hundred miles. 【解析】题干意为：从 Oymyakon 村到北极圈有多远？ 根据第二段第一句 “Oymyakon sits just a few hundred miles from the Arctic Circle(北极圈 ). ”可知， Oymyakon 位于离北极圈仅仅几百英里的地方，故答 案是 A few hundred miles。 48. Winter.【解析】题干意为： 在哪个季节 Oymyakon 村的白天最短？根据第 二段最后两句 “Oymyakon is white in

16、winter, since everything is frozen and the length of daytime is only three hours. ”可知 Oymyakon 村的冬天是白色的，因为一切都被冻结，被厚厚的雪 覆盖着。但是村子又很暗，白天只有三小时。可知，Oymyakon 村冬天的白 天时间最短，故答案是Winter。 49. Fur coats. 【解析】题干意为：当村民们出门时，他们穿什么？根据第三段 第三句 “When people go outside, they have to wear fur coats to stay warm. ”可 知，当人们外出

17、时，他们必须穿皮大衣保暖，故答案是Fur coats 。 50. Because the batteries cannot work in such low temperatures.【解析】 题干意 为：为什么在 Oymyakon 村手机不能被使用？根据最后一段倒数第三句 “People don t use mobile phones, because the batteries(电池) cannot work in such low temperatures.”可知，人们不使用手机，因为电池在这样的低温下无法工 作。故答案是 Because the batteries cannot wor

18、k in such low temperatures。 Passage 3 Caf X is a special coffee shop in America. Gordon, the “barista”（咖啡师） in Caf X will not only greet you by your name but also wish you a pleasant day. Why? Because Gordon is not human. It s a robot. It can make the perfect cups of coffee by using beans from local

19、 famous coffee shops. The founder of this special coffee shop is Henry Hu. Hu noticed that baristas spent a lot of time moving around cups while making drinks. So he decided to build a fully mechanized（机械的）coffee shop. And this is why Caf X was born. Caf X is more like a kiosk(售货亭 ) than a tradition

20、al Caf. Customers can order their drinks either by using an app on the phone or by using the computers in the coffee shop. When the order is placed, Gordon gets to work to make coffee. When the drink is ready, the customer will receive a text with a code( 密码 ). Upon entering it, the robot will hand

21、over the correct order. If the drink is not picked up within eight minutes after the text is sent, it will be replaced by a fresh drink. Henry Hu says Caf X is trying its best to provide customers with the greatest coffee in the shortest time possible. 46. Where is the special Caf X shop with a robo

22、t barista? _ 47. Why did Henry Hu open the special coffee shop Caf X? _ 48. How can a customer order a cup of coffee if he has no phone? _ 49. When will the customer be given a text with a code? _ 50. What does Caf X try to provide for the customers? 2018 年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 4 / 10 _ 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明

23、文。文章主要介绍了一项新型科技自助咖 啡厅。 46. In America.【解析】 题干意为：这个有机器人咖啡师的特别的咖啡屋在什 么地方？根据第一段第一句“Caf X is a special coffee shop in America.”可知， 这个特别的咖啡屋在美国，故答案是In America。 47. Because he decided/wanted to build a fully mechanized coffee shop to replace the busy baristas. 【解析】 题干意为：为什么Henry Hu 要开这个特别的咖啡 屋呢？根据第二段最后三句“

24、Hu noticed that baristas spent a lot of time moving. So he decided to build a fully mechanized( 机械的) coffee shop. And this is why Caf X was born.”可知答案。 48. By using the computers in the coffee shop. 【解析】 题干意为：如果一个客 人没带手机，他怎样才能够点一杯咖啡？ 根据第三段第二句 “Customers can order their drinks either by using an app

25、on the phone or by using the computers in the coffee shop. ”可知答案。 49. When the drink/coffee is ready. 【解析】 题干意为：什么时候顾客将会收到 一条有密码的短信？根据第四段第一句“When the drink is ready, the customer will receive a text with a code(密码). ”可知答案。 50. The greatest coffee in the shortest time possible.【解析】 题干意为： Caf X 努力要提供给

26、顾客什么？根据最后一段最后一句“Henry Hu says Caf X is trying its best to provide customers with the greatest coffee in the shortest time possible.”可知答案。 Passage 4 For convenience( 方便), plenty of people prefer having a takeaway( 外卖) to cooking at home. Now there is an app through which people can enjoy delicious an

27、d cheap takeaway food. Too Good To Go, an app being used in the UK, allows users to order leftover(剩余的 )food at a low price from restaurants. The purpose is to help cut down on food waste, as lots of restaurants usually throw away the food that can still be eaten at the end of the day. Users just ne

28、ed to pick a restaurant and pay through the app. Then they pick up their food at planned times usually around closing time or after peak meal times. “Food waste is one of the biggest problems we have in this world,” one creator of the app said. “The restaurant industry is wasting about 600,000 tons

29、of food each year.” By the end of August, Too Good To Go had helped save about 600 meals in the UK. Users also have the choice to give meals to people who are in need by donating one British pound or more through the app. By the end of August, more than 1,100 meals had been donated. Too Good To Go i

30、sn t the first app to try to deal with food waste. In Spain, the Yo No Desperdicio app allows people to exchange leftover food with each other. In the US, the Food Cowboy app allows food shops to sell “ugly vegetables” that most customers dont buy to charities and food banks that need them. 2018 年山东

31、省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 5 / 10 69. Why do plenty of people like having a takeaway? _ 70. What is the purpose of the app Too Good To Go? _ 71. How do users order the takeaways through the app Too Good To Go? _ 72. There are three apps that are used to deal with food waste in the article. Please list TWO of

32、 them. _ 73. What do you think of the apps like Too Good To Go? _ 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍英国的一款手机应用软件“Too Good To Go ”。这款软件目前已经在英国使用，开发这一软件的主要目的是减 少食物浪费。同时，也提及在西班牙和美国开发使用的类似应用软件。 69. Because the takeaway is convenient.【解析】 细节理解题。题干意为：为什 么很多人喜欢订外卖？根据第一段第一句“For convenience(方便), plenty of people prefer hav

33、ing a takeaway( 外卖) to cooking at home.”可知答案。 70. The purpose is to help cut down on food waste.【解析】细节理解题。 题干意 为：Too Good To Go这款应用软件的目的是什么？根据第二段第二句“The purpose is to help cut down on food waste.”可知答案。 71. Users can pick a restaurant, pay through the app and pick up their food at planned times. 【解析】

34、 细节理解题。题干意为：用户通过Too Good To Go应 用软件如何订外卖？根据第三段“Users just need to pick a restaurant and pay through the app. Then they pick up their food at planned times usually around closing time or after peak meal times.”可知答案。 72. Too Good To Go app and The Yo No Desperdicio app./The Yo No Desperdicio app and t

35、he Food Cowboy app./Too Good To app and the Food Cowboy app.【解析】细节理解题。题干意为：文中提到了三个被用来解决食 物浪费的应用。请列出其中的两个。根据第六段可知答案。 73. I think they are good for dealing with food waste. 【解析】自由发挥题。题干 意为：你是如何看待像 Too Good To Go这类应用软件的？根据文章言之有理 即可。 Passage 5 In modern society, people use money every day. It seems that

36、 it is very important in our life. That s because without money you can t buy any goods(商 品) you want. But I think few people know the history of money. Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. As time passed, people learned to raise animals and crops

37、. Sometimes, families produced more than they needed, so they started to trade with other families. Later, people began to use money as a means of exchange. However, it was not the kind of money we use today. They used shells（贝壳） , rice, salt, large stones, etc. During the 600s BC, people began usin

38、g coins as money. They soon found that coins were easier to carry than goods and lasted a long time. Later, countries began to make their own coins. 2018 年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 6 / 10 The Chinese were the first to use paper money, probably as early as the 11th century. The Italian traveler Marco Polo

39、saw the Chinese using money when he visited China in the 1200s. However, European countries did not start using paper money until 1600s. Today, we have many ways to pay for things. We can pay in cash or pay for things by card. Often, people prefer to pay by a smart-phone. Paying by a smart-phone is

40、easier and safer than carrying around a lot of “real ” money. 60. Why is money very important in our life? _ 61. What did people depend on when they didn t need money? _ 62. Had people begun using coins as money since the 600s BC? _ 63. When did European countries start using paper money? _ 64. How

41、can people pay for things today? _ 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了货币的发展史。 60. Because without money we can t buy any goods we want. 【解析】题干意为： 为什么在我们的生活中金钱很重要？根据第一段中“Thats because without money you can t buy any goods( 商品) you want.”可知答案。 61. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants. 【解析】 题干意为：当人 们不

42、需要金钱的时候他们靠什么生活？根据第二段中“Long ago, people did not need money. They lived on wild animals, fruits and other plants.”可知答案。 62. Yes, they had. 【解析】 题干意为：自从公元前七世纪起人们已经开始使用 硬币作为货币吗？根据第三段第一句“During the 600s BC, people began using coins as money.”可知答案是肯定的。 63. In the 1600s. 【解析】 题干意为：什么时候欧洲国家开始使用纸币？根据 倒数第二段最后

43、一句可知是从17 世纪开始欧洲国家开始使用纸币。 64. They can pay in cash, pay by card or pay by a smart-phone.【解析】题干意为： 现在人们可以用何种方式付款？根据最后一段中“We can pay in cash or pay for things by card. Often, people prefer to pay by a the smart- phone. ”可知答案。 第二节填表型 Passage 1 You can t just stop worrying. Worrying has been a huge posit

44、ive in my life. There is lots of evidence(证据 ) that worriers are better prepared for lifes challenges and so tend to do better in the long run. I wouldnt give it up at all. I read this sentence somewhere and kept it saved on my phone to remind myself “Worry is like a rocking chair. It gives you some

45、thing to do but takes you nowhere. ” It s possible to live better with worry. There you learn to deal with worrying in your study and life. Divert (转移) your mind. Make yourself get rid of the thoughts that worry you. Go out. Do some things. Keep yourself busy. 2018 年山东省中考英语题型专项练习：任务型阅读 7 / 10 Talk i

46、t out. It works for a lot of people. Talk to somebody who really understands you. If they are busy, get online. There are many anxiety forums( 论 坛) where people are there to listen. Take a break from your schedule. If you get a holiday with your family, your friends or just tour a new city alone，you will return and become new. Write a diary. I experienced that writin