初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf

上传人:tbuqq 文档编号:5143143 上传时间:2020-02-08 格式:PDF 页数:15 大小:237.61KB
返回 下载 相关 举报
初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf_第1页
第1页 / 共15页
初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf_第2页
第2页 / 共15页
初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf_第3页
第3页 / 共15页
初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf_第4页
第4页 / 共15页
初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf_第5页
第5页 / 共15页
点击查看更多>>
资源描述

《初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格.pdf(15页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。

1、初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 1 / 15 初中英语常考 介词用法概括 1.in 序号功能含义理解核心典型例句 1 表示时间在某段时间 朝代、古今、世纪、年代、年、季、月、 星期、早、下午、晚上、过去、将来等不 具体的、模糊的大于 1 天的时间段 。 (注意和at 在这方面的区别:at 指的是 短于 1 天的时间点 ) in Tang dynasty; in the 19th century; in 1980; in this year; in spring; in a week; in a month; in the morning 2 表示位置 在某个地方 国家、地区、省、市、区

2、、太空、天空 等(自然意义上的地方) in china; in huabei; in Beijing; in the sky 在某个场所 车、教室、 超市等( 注意和 at 在这方 面的区别, at 一般用在:家、角、店、 站、口等可能有和露天接触的地方) in the train; in the classroom; 甲处于乙 中 除实物里面外, 注意“光、 灯、影、树荫、 雨、森林”, 有全身置入某种环境之中的 含义在内。 We are in the classroom; They are sitting in the shade of a tree; They are studying

3、in the bright light. 3 表示将来在以后 用在一般将来时中, 是从“现在时间点往 后 ” They will come back in 10 days 4 语言单 位材料 / 关于“材料“,注意和with在这个用法 上的区别。(with偏向“工具”,in 偏向“材料”) I wrote a novel in Russian;The length is measured in meter, and centimetre;This board was cast 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 2 / 15 in gold. 5 状态方 面服饰 / 状态:既可以指人的状态

4、,也可指物的状 态;方面:既可指具体,也可指抽象 方面;服饰:尤以颜色和状态常考 He wasn t in good health,so talk in low voice. Our country in rich in natural resources; A good teacher must be an example in study He is in red shoes today 初中阶段应掌握 的In 的常见短 语 介词短语 in all 总计 ;in general 一般来说; in time 及时; in advance 事前 ;in the meantime 与此同时 ;i

5、n place 适当地; in the hope of怀着希望;in connection with 和有关 ;in contact with 和联系 ;in addition to 除以外 ;in case of 倘若,万一 ;in conflict with 和冲突 ;in force 有 效的,大批 ;in depth 彻底地 ;in regard to 关于 ;in the neighborhood of 大 约、邻近 ;in retrospect 回顾,一想起;in behalf of 代表利益 ;in the long run 从长远说来 ;in ones opinion 在看来

6、;in word 口头上 ;in a word 总 之;in vain 无益地 , 白白地 ;in case 如果,万一,以防;in detail 详细地 ;in haste 急急忙忙地 ;in conclusion 总之; in spite of 尽管 ;in other words换 句话说 ;in return 作为回报 ;in the name of 以名义; be confident in 对有信心 ;be interested in 对感兴趣 ;in doubt 怀疑 ;in love 恋爱 中;in debt 负债 ;in hesitation 犹豫不决 ;in wonder 在

7、惊奇中 ;in public (secret) 公开他 ( 秘密地 );in a good mood (情绪 ) 好; in danger, in debt(负 债), in a hurry;in stock(有库存 ) ;in peace( 平安 ) (at peace和平 ), 动词短语 believe in 信任 ; break in break in 闯入 , 插嘴 , 打断 ;bring in 引起;产生; 带来 ; come in进来;流行; call in下令收回 ; take in吸收、卷起;订阅,上 当,受骗; turn in 上缴,归还;fill in 填充; get in

8、 收获; succeed in 成功; check in到达登记, cut in插嘴 , 插入; count in包括;draw in时间接近; drop in 顺路拜访; give in 投降、屈服; go in for 参加;爱好,追求; hand in 交上,上缴; pour in源源而来。 2.on 序号功能含义理解核心典型例句 1 表示时间 在某天或一 天内的某个 在星期几、具体的某一天or 某日的 On Sunday(Mon.Tue );on May 12th 1998;on the night of 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 3 / 15 时间段早、中、晚(时间前有

9、定语修饰) Oct.29th;on Wed.morning;on a cold night;on children s day( 核心提示:所有 的节日都是用on) 2 表示位置 (具体) 在上面 与物体表面相接触(注意与 aboveover的区别) There are a lot of books on the shelf; On the face; on the head;on the floorfootball fieldplaygroundroadroof On the farm on the market(常考 ) (抽象) 在上面 收音机、电视、电话、网络、手机、 问题、 纸张(所

10、有有形的, 无形 的“新闻媒体上”都是用on) On TV; on radio; surf on the internet;on the phone;You are wrong on all these issues 在(边) 上 左、右、两边 On the left; on the right; on both sides; there is a hotel on the lake 3 表示状态处于状态人或者物的目前状态; On duty; on show; on fire; on strike; on sale;on business;on schedule; on time;on the

11、 country; on scale 4 表示关系 关于文章 or 论 著(高 中阶段掌 握) On指专门论述(注意和about 相区 别) I want a book on South Africa. He wrote an article on the importance of birth control 靠相当于 depend on 的含义 The people in the south live on rice; You cant afford the expensive ring on an income of 1000 yuan a month; on foot 5 特定时间 一

12、 就(高 中阶段掌 握) 相当于 as soon as+ 主语的含义 On entering the room, he found his friends dancing; 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 4 / 15 初中阶段应掌 握In 的常见短 语 介词短语 On the spot 当场; 立即; on the run 在逃跑中; On the air在广播中; on fire 着火;on time 准时;on duty 值日;on strike罢工; on sale 上市;on the country 相反地; on schedule 按时间表,准时; on business公

13、事; on display在展出; on the one hand 一方面; on the other hand另一方面; on ones way to 在 路上; on ones own=by oneself;on top of;and so on等等; on purpose 故意, 专门特别注意:乘坐交通工具都用by, 但 on foot 步行; on horse 骑马; on donkey 骑驴 动词短语 Bring on 引起,导致;call on 号召,拜访; decide on 决定 ;depend on 依靠,取决于;get on上车;相处;进展; go on继续 ; get o

14、n with进展,相 处; look on旁观,观望; look on as把看 / 当作 ;look down on看不起, 轻视; pass on 传递,传交;hand on 传递下去; put on 表演,上演;戴/ 穿 上;假装; take on 呈现,具有;流行;承担,雇用;turn on打开(灯,气, 水,电器等);work on 继续工作 , 钻研(学问或技术); carry on继续开 展,坚持 ; hold on 继续; ( 电话 ) 不挂断;抓牢,坚持;try on试穿。 3.at 序号功能含义理解核心典型例句 1 表示时间 在时刻岁 时 In 是时间段, at 是时间点,

15、相 对更精确 At noon;at night;at midnight;at dawn;at lunch;at breakfast;at supper;at dinner;at the moment;at the same time;at once;at the beginning of;at the end of;at the age of; at daybreak;at sunrise;at sunset; at 7 oclock at (on) the weekend常考 2 表示地点 在位置 或场所 家、脚、角、店、站、口、底、 中心、核心 at the foot of;at the

16、corner of ; at the crossroads;at the gate of;at he bottom of; at the top of;at the center of; at a distance;at the edge of ;at home;at the barbar s;at the airport;at the 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 5 / 15 station; at 405 Victory Road 3 表示度 速度以速度 The car ran at 120miles an hour; At full speed 温度在度 Water usua

17、lly boils at 100; at10 degrees centigrade 价格按价格 The pen was sold at a good price; at low cost 4 表示方向朝,向表示 动作的方向 Aim at 向 瞄准; shout at 向 大喊; throw at 向 扔;smile at 向 微笑;rush at 向 冲去 ;fire at向 开火 5 表示原因 由于(高中 阶段掌握 一般用在系表结构中,对形容词 的原因进行说明 I was surprised at the news; He was discouraged at his failure 6 表

18、示能力擅长于 固定考点: be good at;be bad at;an expert at He is good at drawing(at后接名词或动名 词) 初中阶段应掌 握In 的常见短 语 介词短语 at first 首先,开始时;at last;at most;at least 至少; at all events 无 论如何; at home 在家,无拘束;at a loss 不知怎办; at any rate 不管怎样; at length 详细地; be at high tide 处于高潮期;at our invitation 应我们 的邀请; at our request 应

19、我们的请求;at the news 听到这消息;at the risk of 冒危险; at a great expense 以巨大费用; at intervals of 每隔; at the sight of 一见到 at the point of 接近,靠近; at the thought of 一想到; at the speed of 以速度; at the cost (price) of 以为代价; at leisure 闲着、失业; at stake 在危险中、在成败关头;at bottom 实际上、本质上;at short notice 一得到通知 ;at seeing us 看到

20、我们; at the present stage 在 现阶段; at the weekend 周末; at all times 永远; 动词短语 call at访问(某地);come at 袭击,攻击 ; get at意指,本意是;理解;到 达; knock at 敲打(门窗),敲击; look at看; work at从事 , 致力于 , 钻 研; laugh at嘲笑; glare at怒目而视; glance at匆匆一瞥; point at指向 4.about 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 6 / 15 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 关于、有关This is a book a

21、bout how to study English 2 大约 , 近于 表示时间或数量 I will be with you in about 3minutes;There are about 30students in the classroom. 3 到处,在 周围,附近 相当于 here and there He walked about the street. 4 What a bout?( 习惯用语 ) About 为介词, 所以后接动词ing 形式 What about taking a break? 动词短语 go about 着手 , 四处走走 ;set about 着手, 开

22、始 ;worry about 为担心 ; come about 发生 ;care about关心、在意 ; bring about引起,带来 , 导致 ;knock about 漫游; look about 四处看看,四处环顾;set about doing着手 做,开始; turn about 向后转; think about 考虑(是否去做) ;argue about 争论 ; know about了解 ;hear about听说 ;ask about询问 ;chat about闲 聊;quarrel about争吵 ;speak talk about谈论 ;complain about报

23、怨 5.above 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 高于,在之 上 表示位置、地位、 年龄、价格、量( 重、 数、度 ) 、音调等 The mountain is 2000meters above the sea level(位 置) ; I know youre above me socially, but I must say you are rude man( 职位 ) The old lady is above eighty(年 龄) ; There are above forty girl students in the class(数 量) ; Our private car wei

24、ghs 1.8tons(重量 ) ;Any money earned over that level is taxed(度量 ) 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 7 / 15 2 非能力所 及,超出 能力、行为、品质 等 The maths problem is above me; Honest above everything else; He is above doing such things(他不至于做出那样的事情来) 介词短语 Above all首先,最重要的是,最要紧的是;He was above all a good and tireless writer; above

25、all, we must be health 6.across 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 横过、穿过表示动作的方向 He swam across the river; The policeman helped the old man walk across the street. 2 在对面,在那 一边 表示位置上的对应关系,在 隔着的对面 He lives across the street;Japan lies across the pacific ocean 常见短语Come across 偶遇; get across横穿马路;能理解,被听懂;run across偶遇,横跨; 7.a

26、gainst 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 撞到、紧靠 表示动作的方向,有靠、撞 击的意思 I have hit my head against a wall; She stood with her back against the tree; The rain beat against the windows 2 反、逆、违背 反对(赞成的反义)逆 方向 ; 违背(意愿等) Are you for or against the plan? There were 20 votes for her and 12 against her; He is swimming against this c

27、urrent. She did it against her own will 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 8 / 15 3 以防(大学阶段掌握此用法)They saved money against old age. 4 表示陪衬( 高中阶段掌握此用法) The red flag is fluttering against the blue sky; His red clothes stook out clearly against the snow. 常见短语 Go against违反、违背、反对;stand against反对,不支持;turn against(转而)反对,

28、背叛; run against违反,偶然遇到;fight against与斗争;over against正对 着,在对面( fe: he lived over against the school) 8.after 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 (时间、顺 序、位置) 在之后 表时间时, 后面跟的 是个 时间点 After breakfast he ordered a taxi. Shut the door after you; After you,please. A few kilometres after the village, turn right to Montelabate 2 探

29、求、追求、 追寻、找 与 be 动词或其它动 词合用时, 有此含义 A police is running after a thief;He is after a job at our place;I think he is only after money.What are you after? I am looking for my wallet. 3 按照、仿照、 依照、效仿 相当于 according to 的含义 Make sentence after the example That was a play after Shakespeare. They named the buil

30、ding after the scientist. 4 由于,尽管 高级用法, 高中阶段 掌握 After failing in the last two English tests,he made up his mind to spend more time on English study. After all his efforts,John has failed. 常见短语介词短语 Day after day日复一日; year after year年复一年; One after nother一个接一个地,相继;after a little/moment/while过了一 会; aft

31、er all毕竟,终究; after ones heart合的心;after service售后服务, after the fashion勉强 (fe: He can speak and write English after a fashion他多少会说一些英语但不太好) ; 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 9 / 15 动词短语 Look after照顾,照看;take after相像,长得像,效仿(John takes after his dad); ask after问候 , be after寻求 ,do(sth.)after 学着做, go after设法得到 , inqui

32、re after问候 , run after追求 , seek after追逐 9.along 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 顺着,沿着表具体:沿着 具体物体 的边缘 We walked along the street. 2 顺着,沿着 表抽象:沿着 抽象事物 的方向 发展(该用法为along 的 副词用法) My life is going along nicely 常见短语 1.Along with与一起 (fe: The babys mother escaped from the fire along with two other children);2.all along一直( fe

33、: Ive been fooling myself all along )3.bring along把带来,领来; 使发展( Did you bring along some books?)4. come along 出现;沿着过来;加油;进展5. get on / along (with)进展;相处 10.among 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在之中; 在 中间 表具体:三者或者三者以上之中 I found him among the crowd Please divide the cake among you four 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 10 / 15 表抽象 M

34、ost important among the countrys problems is the lack of health facilities. 2 之一相当于 one of的功能Einstein is among the greatest scientists 备注 -among 与 between 的区别:三者与两者之间的区别。但在下列情况,between 可用于三者: (1) 当两个以上的人或物用and 连接时: between A, B and C 在 A、B、C 之间; (2) 涉 及事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时:the difference between the thr

35、ee of them 他 们三者之间的区别the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系;(3) 表 示“由于合作的结果”时:Between them they landed the fish. 他们协力把鱼拖上了 岸。 (4) 在 divide, share 等表示“分享”之类的动词之后,若接一个表示三者或三者 以上的复数名词时,用 among between 均可: He divided his money among between his five sons. 他把钱分给了5 个儿子。 11.as 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 作为,当作

36、 注意和 as for的区 别(as for为至于,关 于) Don ttreat me as a child; I speak now as a friend,not as a teacher. As for me, I dont mind going there by train; 2 当时候, 在 同时 as 当“连词”时的用法 The play started as I got there; As I was a child,I liked singing very much 3 正如,就像As you can see,we are still working. 因为,由于 We ha

37、ve a very wonderful TV, but we hardly watch it as we have so much housework to do. 注 1. As.as 像. 一样(fe: the little girl over there looks as beautiful as my daughter ); 2. as long as 只要 (fe: As long as you can keep away from them, youre safe) 3. as a matter of fact adv. 事实上( fe: Im leaving for Beijin

38、g tomorrow, as a matter of fact.)4. as a whole adv. 总体上 (fe: We must consider these 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 11 / 15 matters as a whole) 5. as far as adv. 远到,直到,至于 ( 6. As if 好象似的仿佛一样7. as well as adv. 也,又8. as well 也 (fe: Water is colourless, air as well )9. not so much.as. 与其说 .不如说是 .(fe: He is not so

39、much a writer as a reporter) 10. such as 像,例如;譬如;诸 如( fe: Many basic foodstuffs, such as bread and milk, are tax-free)11. look on .as 把. 看作. 12. before 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在以 前;在前 面;在之 前 表示时间 We have to finish the work before 10 oclock.He made a speech before a lot of audience He arrived before me. 表示位置

40、表示顺序 2 以前,以往(此时 Before 做副词)She had never been to Italy before 3 在以前(此时 before做连词)I want to think it over before I decide about it 常用短语 1. before long 不久;(fe: I hope to see you again before long )2. long before 很久以前(fe: Weve seen that film long before) 13.behind 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 比晚;迟于表示时间 Your ideas ar

41、e behind the times; He arrived ten minutes behind time. 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 12 / 15 2 在后面表示位置 He hide himself behind the tree. There is someone behind you. 3 落后于, 低于,不 如 表抽象:表示力量、能力等 I am far behind you in English Johnsbehind the rest of the class in reading. 4 支持; 作为的后 盾 此时相当于support的作用He had his m

42、other behind him. 常用短语 1.behind schedule 不准时2.behind the times 过时的3.behind the curtain 在幕后4.far behind 在后面很远,把远远的甩在身 后5.left behind 遗留,留下(被动语句中更常用) 14.below 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在以下 具体 :表示位置(below 含某 个水平线或水平面以下的意思,而 under 是某个物体以下) Don twrite your answer below this line; Fish were swimming below the surfac

43、e of the water. 2 低于,在 以 下 表示年龄He cant be below fifty. 3 表示能力、级别、价值、程度、数 量等 He is below me in the class; His income is below the average income in the area;During the night,temperatures dropped below zero. 15.beside 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在旁边; 表具体位置:表示地点 He sat beside her all night; I want to buy a 初中英语语法之常

44、考英语介词概况汇总表格 13 / 15 在 附近beautiful beside the river. 2 和相比引申用法 ( 大学阶段掌握) Beside his ,my trouble is nothing; My work condition looks poor beside hers 短语 Be beside oneself (with sth) 因而忘形,失去控制 I was beside myself with joy. 16.besides 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 除 以外(还 有) 注意和 except 的 区别(except 用来引出陈述中 唯一不适用的事 物、情形、

45、人或想 法, 是从整体中除 去;而 besides 只是特别强调而 已) Besides English ,we have to study math,Chinese and so on. Besides cancer, smoking can lead other diseases She is a nice girl except a bit ugly. There wasnt anything in the box except a few dirty clothes 2 另外,再说(此时当副词)I dont like that new dictionary, besides, its

46、too expensive 17.between 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在之间(两 者)( 常和 and 常用 ) 具体:表示时间、位置、 数量 The lunch hour is between 11 and 13pm; Shanxi province is between henan and gansu The temperature is between 25 degree and 30 all week 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 14 / 15 2 抽象:表示比较、分配、 关系、性质等 What s the difference betweenwomen and

47、man? They shared the chocolate between the two of them; The relations between teachers and students are excellent My job is between a secretary and a personal assistant. 18.beyond 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在的那边;在 以外; 表示具体位置:在某物体 的范围之外 The airport is 20miles beyond the town; What lies beyond the mountains? 2 超出

48、,高于表示抽象的范围、限度等 This book is beyond me; He is living beyond his income; The beauty of West Lake ia beyond words; The watch is damaged beyond repair 3 过了,比 晚,迟于表示时间He came home beyond the usual time; 19.but 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 除了 ;除了 之外She has no choice but to cry. 2 常用短语 Not only but also 不 但而且 He not onl

49、y studies hard but also works well ;Not only did he make a promise, but also he kept it(倒 装) 20.by 初中英语语法之常考英语介词概况汇总表格 15 / 15 序号含义理解核心典型例句 1 在 旁边,身边 表示位置, 相当于 beside 的意思只是 by 可以 用于引申含义 He stood by the window and look out over the fields; I haven t got any money by me. 2 到时候(为止,以前) 表示时间 ( 跟时间点 ) He is sure to come by 3 0clock.The homework need to be ready by next Friday. 3 按;以表示标准,度量,数量 In America many workers were paid by the week; Don tju

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 其他


经营许可证编号:宁ICP备18001539号-1