九年级上册英语语法总结.pdf

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1、新目标九年级英 语语法总结Unit1 1. by + doing 通过?方式如： by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在 ?旁 “,“ 靠近 “,“在 ?期间“、 “用 ,“经过“,“ 乘车“等 如： I live by the river. I have to go back by ten oclock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如： The students often talk abo

2、ut movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb. = talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： What/ how about +doing sth.? 如： What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如： Why dont you go shopping? Why not + do sth. ? 如： Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如：Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如

3、： Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多常用于句末如： I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too ?t 太o ?而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如： Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud 与 loudly 的用法三个词都与“大声 “或 “响亮 “有关。 aloud 是副词 ,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud 没有比较 级 形式。如: He read the story alo

4、ud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 loud 可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与 speak, talk, laugh 等动词连 用 ,多用于比较 级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 loudly 是副词 ,与 loud 同义,有时两者可替换使 用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思 ,可位于动词之前或之后。 如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not ?at a一 ll 点也不根本不如：

5、 I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡 。 not 经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对 ?感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴 奋。 9. end up do

6、ing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以?结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先 . to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常

7、犯错 。 make a mistake 犯一个错 误如：I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错 误。 13. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me! 不要取笑我! 14. take notes 做笔记，做记录 15. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做 ?乐意做 ?She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。 16. native speaker 说本族语的人 17. make up 组成、构成

8、18. one of +(the+ 形容词比较 级 )+名词复数形式?其中之一 如：She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。 19. Its + 形容词 +(for sb. ) to do sth. ( 对于某人来说) 做某事 ? 如： Its difficult (for me ) to study English. 对于我来说学习英语太难了。 句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English 20. practice doing 练习做某事如： She often practice speaking En

9、glish. 她经常练习说英语。 21. decide to do sth. 决定做某事如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。 22. unless 假如不，除非引导条件状语从 句 如： You will fail unless you work hard 假如你不努力你会失败。 I wont write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写 23. deal with 处理如：I dealt with a lot of problem. 24. worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人

10、/ 某事 如： Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿 子。 25. be angry with sb. 对某人生气如： I was angry with her. 我对她生气。 26. perhaps = maybe 也许 27. go by ( 时间) 过去如：Two years went by. 两年过去了。 28. see sb. / sth. doing 看见某人正在做某事强调正在发 生 see sb. / sth. do 看见某人在做某事如： 如：She saw him drawing a picture in the cl

11、assroom. 她看见他正在教室里画画。 29. each other 彼此 30. regard ?as 把?看作为 ? . 如： The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。 31. too many 许多修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much 许多修饰不可数名词如：too much milk much too 太修饰形容词如： much too beautiful 32. change ? into ?将 ? 变为? 如： The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术

12、师将这本书 变为一本书。 33. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下 如： with the help of LiLei = with LiLeis help 在李雷的帮助下 34. compare ?to 把?与 ?相比 如： Compare you to Anna, you are lucky. 你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。 35. instead 代替用在句末，副词（字面上常不译出来） instead of sth. / doing sth. 代替，而不是用在句中，动 词 如： Last summer I went to Beijin

13、g. This year Im going to Shanghai instead. 去年夏天我去北京, 今年我将要去上海。 I will go instead of you. 我将代替你去。 He stayed at home instead of going swimming. 他呆在家里而不是去游泳。 新目标九年级英语语法总结Unit2 1. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 否定形式：didnt use to do sth. / used not to do sth. 如： He used to play football after school. 放学后他过去常常踢足

14、球。 Did he use to play football? Yes, I did. No, I didnt. He didnt use to smoke. 他过去不吸烟。 2. 反意疑问句 肯定陈述句否定提问如： Lily is a student, isnt she? Lily will go to China, wont she? 否定陈述句肯定提问如： She doesnt come from China, does she? You havent finished homework, have you? 提问部分用代词而不用名词Lily is a student, isnt she

15、? 陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly 等。其反意疑问句 用肯定式。如： He knows little English, does he? 他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？ They hardly understood it, did they? 他们几乎不明白，不是吗？ 3. play the piano 弹钢琴 4. be interested in sth. 对 ?感兴趣 be interested in doing sth. 对做 ?感兴趣 如： He is interested in math, but he isnt i

16、nterested in speaking English. 他对数学感兴趣，但 是他对说英语不感兴趣。 5. interested adj. 感兴趣的，指人对某事物感兴趣，往往主语是人 interesting adj. 有趣的，指某事物/某人具有趣味，主语往往是物 6. still 仍然，还 用在 be 动词的后面 如： Im still a student. 用在行为动词的前 面如： I still love him. 7. the dark 天黑，晚上，黑暗 8. 害怕 ?be terrified of sth. 如： I am terrified of the dog. be terr

17、ified of doing sth. 如： I am terrified of speaking. 9. on 副词，表示（电灯、电视、机械等）在运 转中/打开， 其反义词off. with the light on 灯开着 10. walk to somewhere 步行到某处 walk to school 步行到学校 11. spend 动词，表示“花费金钱、时间“ spend ?on sth. 在某事上花费（金钱、时间） spend ?doing sth. 花费（金钱、时间）去做某事如： He spends too much time on clothes. 他花费太多的时间在衣着 H

18、e spend 3 months building the bridge. 他花费了三个月去建这座桥。 Pay for 花费如： I pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了10 元买这本 书。 12. take 动词有“花费 “ 的意思常用的结构有： take sb. ?to do sth. 如： It takes me a day to read the book. take ?to do sth. 13. chat with sb. 与某人闲聊如：I like to chat with him. 我喜欢和他聊天。 14. worry about sb./ sth. 担心

19、某人 /某事worry 是动词 be worried about sb./sth. 担心某人 /某事worried 是形容词 如： Dont worry about him. 不用担心他。 Mother is worried about her son. 妈妈担心他的儿子 。 15. all the time 一直、始终 16. take sb. to + 地方送/带某人去某个地方如： A person took him to the hospital. 一个人把他送到了医院。 Lui took me home. 刘把我送回了家。(home 的前面不能用to) 17. hardly adv.

20、几乎不、没有hardly ever 很少 hardly 修饰动词时，通常放在助动词、情态动词之 后，实义 动词之 前助动词 /情态动词 hardly hardly + 实义 动 词如： I can hardly understand them. 我几乎不能够明白他们。 I hardly have time to do it. 我几乎没有时间去做了。 18. miss v. 思念、想念、错 过 19. in the last few years. 在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如： I have lived in China in the last few years. 在过去的几年内我在中国住。

21、 20. be different from 与 ?不同 21. how to swim 怎样游泳 不定式与疑问词连用：动词不定式可 以和what, which, how, where, when 等引导的疑问 句连用，构成不定工短语。如： The question is when to start. 问题是什么时候开 始。 I dont know where to go. 我不知道去哪。 22. make sb./ sth. + 形容词make you happy make sb./ sth. + 动词原形make him laugh 23. move to + 地方搬到某地如： I mov

22、ed to Beijing last year. 24. it seems that +从句看起来好像?如： It seems that he has changed a lot. 看起来他好像变了许多。 25. help sb. with sth. 帮某人某事 help sb. (to ) do sth. 帮某人做某事 She helped me with English. 她帮助我学英语。 She helped me (to) study English 。她帮助我学习英语。 26. fifteen-year-old 作形容词15 岁的 fifteen-year-olds 作名词指15 岁

23、的人 fifteen years old 指年龄 15 岁如： a fifteen-year-old boy 一个 15 岁的男孩 Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15 岁的人喜欢唱歌 。 I am fifteen years old . 我是 15 岁。 27.支付不起 ?cant /couldnt afford to do sth. cant / couldnt afford sth. 如： I cant/couldnt afford to buy the car. I cant/couldnt afford the car. 我买不起这个辆 小车。 28.

24、 as + 形容词 ./副词 as sb. could/can 尽某人的?能力如： Zhou run as fast as her could/can. 她尽她最快的能力去跑。 29. get into trouble with 遇到麻烦 30. in the end 最后 31. make a decision 下决定下决心 32. to ones surprise 令某人惊讶 如： to their surprise 令他们惊讶 to LiLeis surprise 令李雷惊讶 33. take pride in sth. 以 ?而自豪如： His father always take p

25、ride in him. 他的爸爸总是以他而自豪 34. pay attention to sth.对?注意，留心如： You must pay attention to your friend. 你应该多注意你的朋友。 35. be able to do sth. 能做某事如： She is able to do it. 她能够做到。 36. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事如： My father has given up smoking. 我爸爸已经放弃吸烟了。 37.不再no more = no longer 如：I play tennis no more/ longe

26、r. 我不再打网球。 not ?any more = not ?any lon 如ge：r I dont play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。 38. go to sleep 入睡 新目标九年级英语语法总结Unit3 1.语态： 英语有两种语态：主动语态和补 动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 被动语态的构成 由 “助动词be 及物动词的过去分 词“构成 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完 全一样。 时态被动语态结 构例句 一般现 在 时 am are +过去分词 is English is

27、 spoken in many countries. 一般过was + 过去分 词This bridge was built in 去 时were + 过去分词1989. 情态 动词 can/should may +be+ 过去分 词 must/ ? The work must be done right now. 被动语态的用 法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行 者，或者只需强调 动作 的承受者时，要用被动语态。 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）如： Mother allows me to watch TV every

28、night. 妈妈允许我每晚 看电视。 be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）如： LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou. 莉莉被允许去钦州 。 3. get their ears pierced 穿耳洞 让 /使（别人）做某事get sth. done( 过去分词 ) have sth. done 如： I get my car made. = I have my car made. 我让别人修好我的车 4. enough 足够 形容词enough 如： beautiful enough 足够漂亮 enough 名词如： enough

29、 food 足够食物 enough to 足够 ?去做 ?如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京 。 She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书 了。 5. stop doing sth. 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说 话。 stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak请. 停下来说 话。 6. 看起来好像?sb. seem to d o sth. He seems to feel very sad. it seems

30、 that + 从句It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。 7. 系动词不能独立作谓语，要和表语一起构成谓语。常用的连系动词有：look, feel, be, become, get, turn, smell, taste, stay(保持 ), kept 等。连系动词除 be 和 become 等少数词可接名 词作表语外，一般都是接形容词。如： They are very happy. He became a doctor two years ago. She felt very tired. 8. 倒装句 : 由 so助动词(be/do/wi

31、ll/have)/ 情态动词主语意为： ?也是一样 She is a student. So am I. 她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 She has finished the work. So have I . 她已经完成了工作,我也完成了。 She will go to school. So will he. 她将去学校，他也是。 9. yet 仍然，还 常用在否定句或疑问句当中 10. stay up 熬夜如：I often stay up until 12:00pm. 我经常熬夜到12 点

32、。 11. clean up 打扫整理如： I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室 。 12. 程度副词： always 总是usually 经常sometimes 有时never 从不 如： I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是 /经常 /有时 /从不上学迟到。 13. 曾经做某事： Do you ever get to school late? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Have you ever got to school late? Yes, I h

33、ave. No, I havent. 14. go shopping( 去购物 ), go fishing( 去钓鱼), go swimming( 去游泳 ), go boating( 去划船 ), go hiking( 去登山 ), go trekking( 去徒步 ) 15. be strict with sb. 对某人严 厉 如： Mother is strict with her son. 妈妈对她的儿子 很严厉。 16. take the test 参加考试pass the test 通过考试fail a test 考试失败 17. the other day 前几天 18. agr

34、ee 同意反义词disagree 不同意动词 agreement 同意反义词disagreement 不同意名词 18. keep sb/ sth. 形容词使某人 /某物保持 ? . 如： We should keep our city clean. 我们应该保持我们的城市干净。 19. both ?and? +动词复数形式 如：Both Jim and Li Ming play bastketball. 20. learn (sth.) from sb. 向谁学习 (什么) 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习

35、英语 21. have an opportunity to do sth. 有机会做某事 have a chance of doing sth. 有机会做某事 如： I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing. 22. at present 目前 23. at least 最少at most 最多 24. 花费take ,cost, spend , pay sth. take (sb.) time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the bo

36、ok. sth. cost (sb.) ? The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend ?on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend ?doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay ?for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book. 25. have + 时间段+off 放假，休息如： have 2 days off 26. reply to 答复某人如：She replayed to MrGreen. 27. ag

37、ree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei. 28. get in the way of 碍事，妨碍如： Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。 29. success n. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. 30. think about 与 think of 的区别 当两者译为：认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often th

38、ink about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 think about 还有 “考虑“之意，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦 州。 31. 对 ?热衷，对?兴趣 be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。 be serious about sth. 如： She is serious about h

39、im. 她对他感兴趣 。 32. practice doing 练习做某事 She often practice speaking English. 33. care about sb. 关心某人如：Mother often care about her son. 34. also 也用于句中 either 也用于否定句且用于句末 too 也用于肯定句且用于句末 I am also a student. 我也是一个学生 I am a student too. 我也是一个学生。 I am not a student either. 我也不是一个学生。 新目标九年级英 语语法总结 Unit4 1.

40、 if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句即 虚拟语气通过动词形式的变化来表示说话人对发 生的动作或存在的状态所持的态度或看法的动词形式称为语气，虚拟语气表示说话人所说的 话不是事实，而是一种祝愿，建议或是与事实相反的假设等。 If 引导的条件状语从句分为真实和非真实条件句，非真实条件句应用虚拟语气。如果要 表示与现在或将来事实相反时，其虚拟语气结构 为 ： 句型 条件从句主句 谓语动词形式动词过去式(be 动词用 were) would+ 动词原形 即：(从句 )if + 主语+动词过去式(be 动词用 were), 一般过去时 (主句) 主语+would+ 动词原形过去将来时 如：If I had

41、 time, I would go for a walk. 如果我有时间，我就会去散步。(事实上我现在没有时间) If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 假如我是你的话，我会带上雨伞。(事实上我不是你) I would say no if someone asked me to be in a movie. 假如有人请我当电影演员，我会表示拒 绝。 (事实上瑞没有人请我当电影演员) 2. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事I pretended to sleep just now. pretend + 从句 假装 ?I pretended

42、 that I fell asleep. 3. be late for 迟到如： I am late for work/ school/ class/ party. 4. a few 与 a little 的区别， few 与 little 的区别 a few 一些修饰可数名 词 a little 一些修饰不可数名 词两者表肯定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些朋友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的修饰可数名 词 little 少数的修饰不可数名 词但两者表否定意义 如： He has

43、 few friends. 他没有几个朋友。 There is little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里没有多少糖。 5. still 仍然,还用在 be 动词之后，行为动词之前如： I am still a student. 我仍然是个学生I still love him. 我仍然爱他。 6. hundred, thousand , million, billion ( 十亿 )词前面有数词或several 一词时要不能 加s ，反之，则要加s 并与 of 连用，表示数量很 多 如：several hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion

44、 people 几百 /千/百万 /十亿人hundreds of trees 上百棵树 7. what if + 从句如果 ?怎么办， 要是 ?又怎么样 如： What if she doesnt come? 要是她不来怎么办？ What if LiLei knows? 如果李雷知道了怎么办？ 8. add sth. to sth. 添加 ?到 ?如： I added some sugar to water. 我把糖添加到水里。 9. 系动词与形容 词连用get nervous 变得紧 张 feel shy 觉得害羞 look friendly 看起来友好 10. too + 形 /副 +to

45、 do sth. 太 ?而不能如： Im too tired to stand. 我太累了而不能站。 11. help with sth. 如： They help with this problem. help sb. do. 如： They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松 12. in public 在公共场所如: Dont smoke in public. 请不要在公共场所吸烟。 13. energetic adj. 活力的 如： She is a energetic girl. 她是一个活力的女孩。 energy n. 活力如： She has lots of ener

46、gies. 她有活力。 14. ask sb. to do 叫?做某事 ask sb. not to do sth.叫 ?不要做某事 tell sb. to do 告诉?做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉?不要做某事 如： Teacher asked me to clean the classroom. Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom. 15. start doing = start to do. 开始做某事如： He started speaking/ to speak. 他开始说话 。 16. borrow

47、sth. from sb. 从某人那里借来某物如： I borrowed a book from Lily. 我从莉莉那里借来一本书。 17.wait for sb. 等某人如： I am wait for him. 我正在等他。 18. introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人如： I introduced Lily to Anna. 我把莉莉介绍给安娜。 19. invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事如： Lily invited me to go to her home for supper. 莉莉邀请我去她家吃晚饭。 20. have dinner/ sup

48、per 吃晚饭 have lunch/ breakfast 吃午餐、吃早餐 21. plenty of 修饰不可数名词，也可以修饰可数名词许多如： They have plenty of food/ apples. 他们有许多的食 物/苹果。 22. 给某人某物give sth. to sb. 如：give an apple to me give sb. sth. give me an apple 给我一个苹果 23. get along with sb. 与 ?相处如： Do you get along well with your friends? 你和你的朋友相处得好吗？ 24. wou

49、ld rather do sth. than do sth. 表示愿做某事而不愿做某事如： I would rather walk than run. 25. whole 整个26. in fact 事实上 27. let sb. down 让某人失望 如： Dont let your mother down. 不要让你的妈妈失望 。 28. come up with sth. 提出想出如： He came up with a good idea. 他提出了一个好主意。 catch up with sb. 追上赶上如： Lily caught up with Anna. 莉莉赶上了安娜。 29. have experience doing 在做某事有经 验如： I have experience teaching Chinese. 我在教英语方面有经验。 30. come out 出版，出来如： The magazine comes out once a week. 这种杂志每周出版一次。 31. by accident 偶然地， 无意之中如：Las