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1、Project 工程 Sihanoukville 2X50MW Coal-Fired POWER PLANT西哈努克港250MW 燃煤火力发电厂 Client 委托人CAMBODIAN ENERGY LTD.柬埔寨能源有限公司 Consultant 顾问POYRY ENERGY Ltd.贝利能源有限公司 EPC Contractor 承包商 CHINA HUADIAN ENGNEERING CO.,LTD中国华电工程有限公司 Equip. Supplier 设备供应商 DONGFANG TURBINE Co., Ltd东方汽轮机有限公司 Document No.: (WBK)D60F-0001
2、00BSM Rev : A 文件号： (WBK)D60F-000100BSM Rev : A Document Title : 文件名 N60-8. 83 MmiMiM N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual N60-8.83 汽轮机说明书 (Main Turbine) 汽轮机主体 ! ?t -n N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 1 Contents 目录 S/N Section 章节 Description 说明 Pages 页码 Remarks 备注
3、 1 Compilation Description 总则 1 2 1 Main Technical Specification and Economic Target 主要技术规范及经济指标 1 3 1-1 Main Technical Specification 主要技术规范 2 4 1-2 Technical and Economic Target and Promise Conditions 技术及经济指标及承诺条件 1 5 2 General Design Features 一般设计特性 1 6 2-1 Operation Features运行特点 2 7 2-2 Main Stea
4、m System and Regenerative Extraction System 主蒸汽系统和调节抽汽系统 2 8 2-3 Steam Contribution and Operation Modes 蒸汽作用及运营模式 1 9 2-4 Water-spraying System for Rear Cylinder 后汽缸喷水系统 1 10 3 Constructional Features of Turbine Proper 汽轮机本体构造特点 2 11 3-1 Shafting 大轴 2 12 3-2 Cylinder 汽缸 2 13 3-3 Steam Fairway Arrang
5、ement 蒸汽管路布置 2 14 3-4 Valves and Pipes 阀门及管道 2 15 3-5 Slide Key System and Differential Expansion滑销 系统及胀差 2 16 3-6 Turning Gear 盘车装置 2 17 3-7 Insulation and Enclosure 绝缘保温 1 18 3-8 Temperature and Pressure Monitoring 温度、压力的监视 1 19 4 Manufacturer Name and Address 制造商姓名、地址 1 N60-8.83 Turbine Instructi
6、on Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM Page 1 o f 1 Compilation Description 总则 N60-8.83 type steam turbine is a 60 MW turbine model that is designed and manufactured based on the advanced technologies that are introduced domestically and internationally. It is a new kind of condensing turbine
7、of impulse type, high temperature, pressure and single cylinder. It matches boiler of corresponding capacity and steam turbine generator to form thermal generation unit. It is of basic load in electricity grid, and can also regulate the peak. N6-8.83 型汽轮机是依据国内外先进的技术设计制造的60MW 的汽轮机。它是新型的冲动、高温、高 压、单缸凝汽
8、式汽轮机，与应容量的锅炉及汽轮发电机相匹配组成热力发电系统。它可以带电网基本 负荷，同时可以调节峰值。 The control system of this unit is low pressure electric regulation. 控制系统是低压电液控制 This instruction manual mainly describes the general design of the unit and the structure of the turbine proper. Please refer to related technical documents provided w
9、ith the machine for detailed descriptions on related auxiliaries, governing, protection and safety systems, installation and maintenance, start-up and operation, and various systems. If the instruction conflicts with technical documents provided, the documents shall prevail. 说明书主要包括机组的一般设计及本体说明。关于辅机
10、系统设备、调节系统、保安系统、安装和维护、 启动和操作及其他系统的详细说明请参考相关技术文献。若说明书与提供技术资料有冲突，以技术资 料为准。 In this instruction the pressures for the thermal system are presented in absolute pressure. The instruction uses legal measuring units system which can be converted .into engineering measuring units by means of the following: 说
11、明书中涉及到的热力系统中的压力为绝对压力。说明中用到的法定度量单位体系可以根据下面的换 算公式转换为工程计量单位： Force: 1 kgf = 9.8067 N Pressure: 1 kgf / cm 2 = 0.098067 MPa Heat: 1 kcal = 4.1868 KJ 公式： 1 kgf = 9.8067 N Pressure: 1 kgf / cm 2 = 0.098067 MPa Heat: 1 kcal = 4.1868 KJ N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM
12、1 Note: definitions of “left“ and “right“ sides: Being viewed in the direction from the steam turbine towards the generator, the left hand side is defined as the “left“ side whereas the right hand side is defined as the “right“ side. Definitions of “front“ and “rear“ ends: the end close to the steam
13、 turbine is defined as the “front“ whereas the end close to the generator is defined as “rear“ end. 注意：“左侧”和“右侧”的定义：从汽轮机看向发电机的方向，左手侧定义为“左”，右手侧定义为“右”。“前 端 ” 和 “ 后 端 ” 的 定 义 ： 汽 轮 机 端 定 义 为 “ 前 端 ” ， 而 发 电 机 端 定 义 为 “ 后 端 ” 。 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 1 Mai
14、n Technical Specification and Economic Target 1 主要技术规范和经济指标 1-1 Main Technical Specification 1-1 主要技术规范 1Model: N60-8.83 型号： N60-8.83 2Type.- impulse type, high pressure, high temperature, single cylinder, single shaft condensing steam turbine 类型：冲动式、高压、高温、单缸、单轴冷凝汽轮机 3Guarantee output (TMCR conditio
15、n): 60MW 保证输出（ TMCR 工况）： 60 MW 4Maximum power (VWO condition): 64.5MW 最大功率 (VWO 工况 )：64.5MW 5Rated condition (TMCR condition) parameters: 额定工况参数 a)Main steam pressure: 8.83MPa 主蒸汽压力8.83MPa b) Main steam temperature: 535 C主蒸汽温度535 C c) Main steam flow: 225.8t/h 主蒸汽流量225.8t/h d) Back pressure: 8.5kPa背
16、压 8.5kPa e) Inlet temperature of the cooling water: 30 C冷却水进口温度30 C f) Makeup water temperature: 235.4 C补给水温度235.4 C 6Maximum steam flow: 245t/h主蒸汽流量245t/h 7Rotation direction: clockwise when viewed in the direction from turbine to generator 转动方向：从汽轮机向发电机方向看为顺时针。 8Rated speed : 3000r/min 额定转速： 3000r
17、/min 9Shafting critical speed: (calculated value): 临界转速（计算值） 1810r/min (Steam turbine 1st step) 4160r/min(Steam turbine 2nd step) *1679.7r/min (Generator 1st step) * 1 - 1 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 1 1810r/min （汽轮机一阶） 4160r/min（汽轮机二阶）*1679.7r/min （发 电机一阶）
18、 * The shaft critical speed of generator refers to the data provided by the manufacturing company of the generator. 发电机转子临界转速依据发电机制造厂家提供的数据。 10Number of stages: 21 stages in total, consisting of 1 governing stage +20 pressure stages 级数： 21 级，包括一个调节级和20 个压力级 11Regenerative extractions: 6 stages consi
19、sting of 2 HP heaters+3 LP heaters+1 deaerator 回热抽气： 6 级，包括2个高压加热器3个低压加热器和1 个除氧器 12Height of the last stage blade: 660mm 末级叶片长度：660mm 13Annular area of the last blade: 4.14 m 2 末级叶片环形面积：4.14平方米 14Cooling surface area of the condenser: 4000 m 2 凝汽器冷却面积：4000 m 2 15Points for non-controlling extraction
20、: Behind stages No 5, 8, 11, 15, 17, 19 非调节抽气口位置：在5、8、11、15、17、19 级后 16Overall dimension of the turbine: 8569.5mmx6900mmx3360mm (The height is the distance between elevation of the operation floor and atmospheric-pressure-relief valve on the rear cylinder.) 汽轮机的总体尺寸：8569.5mmx6900mmx3360mm （高度是从运转平台到
21、后汽缸上大气压力安全 阀的垂直距离） 17Weight of the steam turbine: 141t, (including valves, steam pipes, frame and levelling parallels) N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 汽轮机的重量：141t，（包括阀门，蒸汽管道，水平支吊架） 18Maximum lifting weight: 25 tons(for lifting upper cylinder assembly during mai
22、ntenance) 38 tons(for lifting lower cylinder assembly during installation) 最大吊装重量：25t（检修时上缸组合） 38t（安装时下缸组合） 19Maximum lifting height : 6.36m (with respect to the operation floor) 最大吊装高度：6.36m（吊钩至运转平台） 20Elevation of the operation floor: 8 m 运转平台高度：8m 21 Executive standard of the product: GB 5578-85
23、Specification for Stationary Steam Turbines Driving Generator.产品的执行标准： GB 5578-85固定式发电机用汽轮机说明书 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 1 1-2 Technical and Economic Target and Promise Conditions 1-2 技术经济指标及保证条件 1. The rated output 60MW (TMCR condition) (The heat guarant
24、ee value is 9249 kJ/kW.h)will be guaranteed if the following operation conditions are met: 额定输出60MW （最大连续出力工况）（保证热值为9249KJ/KW h）为保证热值运行条件满足以 下要求： a)Main steam pressure: 8.83MPa; 主蒸汽压力为：8.83MPa b)Main steam temperature: 535C; 主蒸汽温度为：535 c)Main steam flow: 225.8t/h; 主蒸汽流量为：225.8t/h d)Back pressure: 8.
25、5kPa; Inlet temperature of the cooling water: 30 C; 背压为 8.5KPa；冷却水入口温度为 30 e)Makeup water flow: 0%; 补水流量为： 0% f)Regenerative extraction system operates normally and keep steam fairway normal and clean;回热抽汽系统 运行正常并保持蒸汽管路正常清洁。 g)Makeup water pump meets rated parameters;给水泵达到额定参数 h)Efficiency of the ge
26、nerator is no less than 98.33%, rated power factor is 0.8;发电机效率不低于98.33%， 额定功率因素0.8 2.The maximum output, 62.6MW will be guaranteed if the following operation conditions are met (under the VWO condition): 保证最大输出功率62.6MW 应满足以下运行条件（在阀门全开状态）： a)Main steam pressure: 8.83MPa; Main steam temperature: 535
27、C;主蒸汽压力： 8.83MPa， 主蒸汽温度535 b)Main steam flow: 237.1t/h; 主蒸汽流量：237.1t/h c)Back pressure: 8.5kPa; Inlet temperature of the cooling water: 30 C; 背压： 8,。 5KPa；冷却水入口温度： 30 d)Makeup water flow is : 0%;给水流量0% e)Regenerative extraction system operates normally and keep steam fairway normal and clean;回热抽汽系统
28、运行正常并保持蒸汽管路正常清洁。 f)Makeup water pump meets rated parameters;给水泵达到额定参数 g)Efficiency of the generator is no less than 98.33%, rated power factor is 0.8;发电机效率不低于98.33%， 额定功率因素0.8 3.If the thermal evaluation test is not conducted in a timely manner after the unit is put into operation, an aging deductio
29、n factor for correcting the thermal efficiency shall be considered in accordance with IEC 953-2-90 of International Electricians Committee. 如果在机组投入运行后没有及时做热力试验，依照国际电力委员会标准，为排除设备老化影响引入 修正系数来修正热效率。 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM The factors are as follows: 系数规定如
30、下： a)0.07%/month during a period of 3-12 months; 在 3-12 个月期间为0.07% b)0.042%/month during a period of 13-24 months; 在 13-24 个月期间为0.042% Method for acceptance test with respect to the thermo-dynamic performance, accuracy of the instruments used, the revision of the test results and the uncertainty of
31、measured heat rate should meet the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Standard (ASME PTC6.1). 关于热力学性能验收测试采取的措施，仪器使用的准确性，对测试结果及测试热效率不准确性的修正 应依据美国工程师机械标准（ASME PTC6.1） N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 2 General Design Features 2 一般设计特性 2-1 Operation Features
32、2-1 运行特性 1Startup Conditions 启动方式 The startup conditions of this unit are classified based on the inner wall metal temperature of the lower body of front cylinder after the regulating stage. 机组启动方式是根据下汽缸体调节级后内壁金属温度 来分类的： Cold start-up: less than 150 C; 冷态启动：低于150 Warm start-up: 150 C 300 C; 半热态启动：15
33、0-300 Hot start-up: 300400 C; 热态启动： 300-400 Extreme hot start-up: above 400C;极热态启动： 400以上 The unit can be started up with rated parameters or slide parameters.机组既可以采用额定参数启动，也可以 采用滑参数启动。 2Operation Controlling Mode操作控制模式 Operator manual mode (manual); operator auto mode (semi auto); turbine self-star
34、t mode (auto) 手动操作；半 自动操作；自动操作 3Offset Frequency Operation 超出设定频率范围的运行 During lifetime, the unit operation is continuous and stable in the frequency range of 48.551 Hz. Offset frequency operation time limit of the unit shall conform to the following table.整个过程中，机组运行是连 续的，并且保持频率在48.5-51Hz 范围内。机组在超出设定
35、频率运行时间限制依据下表： 4Unit allowable load change rate 机组允许的负荷变动率 From 100% to 50%T-MCR, not more than 5%T-MCR/min; Below 50%T-MCR, not more than 2- 1 Frequency (Hz) 频率 Permitted operation time 允许运行时间 Total (min) 总时间（分） One time (sec) 一次运行时间（秒） 51.5 Not allowed 不允许 51.0-51.5 30 30 48.5-51.0 Continuous opera
36、tion 继续运行 48.0-48.5 300 300 47.5-48.0 60 60 47.0-47.5 10 10 47.0 Not allowed 不允许 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 3%T-MCR/min; Load phase step being no more than 10% is allowed. 在 100%到 50%最大功率之间，负荷 变动率不大于5%最大功率 /min;低于 50%最大功率时，负荷变动率不大于3%最大功率 /min；负荷加 载阶段不超过10%
37、是允许的。 5Others其他 5.1To ensure safe unit operation, the maximum allowed back pressure is 17.7kPa; maximum allowed exhaust temperature is 100 C.为保证机组安全运行，最大允许背压17.7KPa；最大允许排气温度为100。 5.2It is not allowed idle running to last more than 15 minutes after load rejection.甩负荷后，不允许空转超过 15 分钟。 5.3The allowed un
38、it minimum load for long-term operation is 18MW, within the range of minimum load to 100% rated load, the turbine can operates continuously and stably. 机组允许长时间运行的最小功率为 18MW ，在机组允许最小功率到额定功率范围内，机组可连续稳定运行。 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM 2- 1-2 2-2 Main Steam Syst
39、em and Regenerative Extraction System 2-2 主蒸汽系统和回热抽汽系统 1Main Steam System 主蒸汽系统 The main steam system is a unit operation that means one boiler operates with one steam turbine under normal condition. 在正常情况下，单元制机组中主蒸汽系统是指一台锅炉对应一台汽轮机运行。 The main steam, coming from the boiler, flows into the main stop
40、valve through a main steam pipe, then it goes to four governing valves separately via four main steam inlet pipes, finally flows to the cylinder. The steam, having done work in the cylinders, will be exhausted into a condenser through the rear cylinder.来自 锅炉的主蒸汽，通过主蒸汽管道进入主汽门，然后通过四个调节阀分别进入四根主蒸汽进口管路，
41、最终进入汽缸。在汽缸内做完工的蒸汽，到达后汽缸然后排入凝汽器中。 2Regenerative extraction system 回热抽汽系统 There are six stages of regenerative extraction for this unit, consisting of two HP heaters, one deaerator and three LP heaters. Please refer to Figure 2-2-1 Rated Condition Heat Balance Chart. 本机组有六级回热抽汽，包括两台高压加热器，一台除氧器和三台低压加热器
42、。请参阅表2-2-1 中 额定工况热平衡表 Table 2-2-1 表 2-2-1 Table 2-2-1 shows all parameter of the extracted steam for the regenerative system when the deaerator is in constant pressure operation under TMCR condition. 表 2-2-1 表示的是在最大连续运行工况下除氧器定压运行时回热抽汽系统所有参数 Extraction Section No. 抽汽序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 Heater name 加热器名称 N
43、o.lHP 1#高加 No.2HP 2#高加 DTR 除氧器 No.4LP 4#低加 No.5LP 5#低加 N0.6LP 6#低加 HTR HTR HTR HTR HTR Extraction point(behind stage)抽汽口位置（级 后） 5 8 11 15 17 19 Pressure(MPa)压力 3.466 1.94 1.026 0.352 0.154 0.045 Pressure loss(MPa)压损 3% 3% 5% 5% 5% 5% Extraction temperaturefC)抽汽温 度 416.1 342.9 269.1 160.9 112.1 78.6
44、Flow (t/h) 流量 14.113 16.729 5.076 7.888 11.2 6.4 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM Fig 2-2-1 Diagram of Regenerative System under TMCR Condition最大连续工况下回热系统图 2- 2- 2 错误！未找到引用源。 N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-000100BSM N60-8.83 Turbine
45、 Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-0001 OOBSM 2- 3- 1 2-3 Steam Contribution and Operation Modes 配汽方式 Nozzle control, used in this unit, involves four groups of nozzles. Each group of nozzles corresponds to one related governing valve. The angles turned of the cams of admission distributio
46、n cam mechanism correspond to the openness of the governing valves. Figure 2-3-1 shows the distribution of nozzle and the total number of steam passages. When the unit load is less than 25%, the flow is controlled by equilibrated valves of the four governing valves, and steam shall uniformly enter t
47、he casing to reduce thermal stress. With the increase of load, No. I to No.IVgoverning valves are opened in turn to control flow. When all four governing valves remain fully open, the partial admission rate reaches 62.5%. mI m 本机组采用的是喷嘴调节，有四组喷嘴，每组喷嘴对应一个调节阀。入口凸轮机构的角度分布与调节阀的 开启相对应。 图 2-3-1 表示的是喷嘴的分布及蒸
48、汽通道总的数量。当机组负荷小于25%时，四个调节阀门均 衡的调节流量， 蒸汽均匀的进入汽缸以减小热应力。随着负荷的增加，从到调节阀依次开启调节进汽量， 当四个调节阀全开后，部分进汽度达到62.5%。 Figure 2-3-1 From the Turbine to the Generator N60-8.83 Turbine Instruction Manual (Main Turbine) (WBK)D60F-0001 OOBSM 2- 4- 1 2-4 Water-Spraying System for the Rear Cylinder 2-4 后汽缸喷水系统 When the unit
49、 operates under low load or no load conditions, especially high back pressure condition, the temperature of the exhausted steam increases to overheat the cylinder. As a result, the center height of the bearing will be changed and violent vibration may occur. 当机组在低负荷或空负荷运行时，特别是高背压工况下，排汽温度升高对汽缸过度加热，会导致轴承中 心高度改变，产生剧烈振动。 The water-spraying system, placed at the lower half of the rear cylinder, is used to keep the unit in operation with safety and steadiness under low load or no load condition. It is controlled automatically. When the tem