【优质文档】高一英语必修三短语归纳.pdf

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1、8. look forward to + sth. doing sth. Unit 1 Festivals around the world 1. award sb. for 某人因而得奖 = sb. be awarded for The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work. 学校因玛丽出色的工作而给她颁奖。 2. admire sb. for sth. 因为某事儿钦佩（或羡慕） 某人 Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humor. 人人都钦佩他那绝妙的幽默感。 3. be meant

2、 to do sth. 被认为应做某事 （尤指根据职责或命令、吩咐等做某事） We are meant to write our names at the top of the paper. 我们应该把名字写在试卷的上方。 4. take place 发生 （无被动形式，常指经过安排的事情） The interview is well planned and it is to take place on time. 采访计划周密，会按时进行的。 5. in memory of 为了纪念We sang the song in memory of the dead. 我们唱 歌以纪念故去的人们。

3、6. dress up 穿上盛装；乔装打扮She likes to dress up for a party. 她喜欢打扮得漂 漂亮亮的去参加晚会。 7. The bride was dressed in white. 新娘穿一身白色 的礼服。 We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待 着春天的到来。 I m looking forward to hearing from you soon. 我 在盼望你的尽快来信。 9. have fun with sb. 与某人一起嬉戏，找乐子Having nothing to do, they had f

4、un with the cat. 他 们无事可干，耍猫取乐。 10. have fun 玩得开心The kids are having fun. 孩子们正玩得开心呢。 11. in/ for fun 开玩笑地，非认真地He is learning French for/ in fun. 他学法语只是好 玩。 12. make a fool of oneself 出丑，出洋相He s always afraid of making a fool of himself. 他 总是怕出洋相。 be get dressed in 穿着的衣服 “盼望” 13. make a fool of sb. 愚弄

5、某人Are you trying to make a fool of me? 你想愚弄我 吗？ 14. ask permission of sb. 请求某人的许可Ask permission of your father. 请求你父亲的允许 吧。 15. without permission 未经许可We can t take photos here without permission. 未 经许可，我们不能在此照相。 16. “好像” He acts as though he didn t know anything about it. 他表现得好像他对这件事一点儿也不知道似的。 She

6、talks about it again and again as though she would never end. 她反复谈论那件事， 好像永远谈 不完的样子。 He behaved as if nothing had happened. 他装作若 无其事的样子。 17. apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 = make an apology to sb. for sth. You should apologize to your teacher for coming late. 你应该为你的迟到向你的老师道歉。 The captain made an

7、 apology to the passengers for the delay caused by the bad weather. 船长因为糟 糕的天气而导致的延误向乘客们道歉。 18. It is obvious that 显然It is obvious that he is a brave man. 很明显他是一 个很勇敢的人。 19. 原谅某人某事 原谅某人（做）某事 We willingly forgive him his faults. 我们愿意宽恕 他的过错。 Please forgive me for interrupting you. 请原谅我 打岔。 20. keep o

8、ne s word 守信用，履行承诺You can t take her promise seriously: she never as if/ though + were/ did（与现在相反） would do（与过去相反） had done（与将来相反） forgive + sb. sth. sb. for (doing) sth. 27. remind + sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 sb. that 提醒某人 keeps her word. 她答应的事不必当真，她从来说 话不算数。 21. turn up 1）出现，露面 2）

9、提高 We invited her to dinner but she didn t even bother to turn up. 我们请她吃饭她都不露面。I can t hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit? 收 音机我听不太清楚，你把声音开大点行吗？ 22. break one s word 失信，食言Never trust a man who breaks his word easily. 不 要相信一个常常食言的人。 23. hold one s breath （因激动、害怕等）屏住呼 吸 How long can

10、you hold your breath under the water? 在水下，你能屏息多长时间？ 24. out of breath 上气不接下气Having just taken a long walk, he is out of breath. 刚刚进行了长距离的散步，他气喘吁吁的。 25. take a deep breath 深呼吸 = breathe deeply If you feel nervous, please take a deep breath. 如 果你感到紧张，请深呼吸。 26. set off 1）动身，出发(+ for ) = set out (for )

11、2）引爆；燃放 3）引起 We set off at dawn. 我们黎明时动身了。 My father will set off for Shanghai tomorrow morning. 明天早晨我爸爸将动身前往上海。 Boys like setting off fireworks. 男孩喜欢放烟花。 That joke set off laughter. 那笑话引起哄堂大笑。 Please remind him of the appointment with me. 请提醒他别忘了和我约会。 Please remind me to call him back. 请提醒我给他回个电话。

12、Remind her that it is dangerous to go out alone at night in this city. 提醒她在这个城市里夜间一个 人外出是很危险的。 Unit 2 Healthy eating He is on a diet to loose weight. 他正在节食以减 肥。 2. put sb. on a diet 使某人节食The doctor put me on a very strict diet. 医生严格 限制我的饮食。 3. out of curiosity 出于好奇 satisfy one s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 J

13、ust to satisfy my curiosity/ out of curiosity, how much did you pay for your car? 我只是出于好奇， 请问你买这辆车花了多少钱？ 4. be curious about sth. 对感到好奇They were very curious about the people living upstairs. 他们对住在楼上的人感到很好奇。 5. at a discount 打折扣They were selling everything at a discount. 他们销 售的所有商品都打折。 6. Do you giv

14、e any discount if I buy a whole case of wine? 如果我买一整箱酒你们打折吗？ 7. lose weight 减肥，减轻体重 Put on/ gain weight 体重增加 The best way to lose weight is to exercise more. 减 肥最好的方法是多运动。 8. get away with （做坏事）不受惩罚； 偷携某物潜逃，偷走 He was lucky to get away with only a fine. 他算万 幸，只被罚款了事。 Thieves got away with computer eq

15、uipment worth $30,000. 盗贼偷走了价值3 万美元的项链。 9. win back 赢回；重新获得How can I win back her trust? 我怎样才能重新赢 得她的信任？ The party is struggling to win back voters. 这个政 党正尽力把选民争取回来。 1. be go on a diet 控制饮食，节食 give allow make a discount (on) 打折扣 spy on sb. on/ into sth. 暗中监视；侦查 beyond over the limit 超过限度 combine A B

16、 with and “把 A 与 B 结合起来” make earn a/ one s living (by ) 10. have sb. doing sth. 允许、容忍某人做某事 （常用于否定句中） He cannot have his daughter arriving home late. 他 不能容忍女儿晚回家。 11. consult (with) sb. (about/ on sth.) （就某事） 与 某人商量 I consulted with a friend on a matter. 我和朋友商 量一件事。 12. I m sure my neighbours spy on

17、 me. 我肯定邻居暗 中监视我。 It s wrong to spy into people s affairs. 刺探他人的 私事是错误的。 13. It is beyond the limit of my ability. 这超出了我的 能力。 14. limit sth. to sth. 把限定在的范围内I ve limited myself to 1,000 calories a day to lose weight. 为了减肥， 我限定自己每天摄入1000 卡 的热量。 15. be of (much, great) benefit to sb. 对某人有益 处 = be bene

18、ficial to sb. It is said Yoga is of great benefit to human health. 据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处。 16. A benefit B 甲对乙有好处 = B benefit froom A This is an expensive investment but it will benefit the company in the long run. 这是一项花费很大 的投资，但从长远来看，它将对公司有好处。 These small businesses have benefited greatly from the fall in

19、interest rates. 这些小企业因利率下降 而得到了很大的好处。 17. The new teaching method combines education with pleasure. 这种新的教学方法寓教育与娱乐之中。 18. He did all sorts of jobs to earn/ make his living. 为 了谋生，他干了好多不同的工作。 （靠 ）谋生 19. in debt 欠债 out of debt 不欠债 She was in debt when she was poor, but has been out of debt since she g

20、ot rich. 以前穷的时候她欠 了债，可自从富了以后就没欠债了。 Out of debt, out of danger. 【谚】无债一身轻。 20. cut down 1) 减少；缩减 2) 删节；缩短 3) 砍到 Expenses ought to be cut down in every way. 应该 在一切方面减少开支。 You d better cut the article down to about 2,000 words. 你最好把这篇文章压到两千字左右。 Cut down a tree with an axe. 用斧子把树砍倒。 21. cut away 切除，剪去The

21、y cut away all the dead branches from the tree. 他们把树上的枯枝统统砍掉了。 22. cut in (on sb./ sth.) 1) （车辆或司机）超车抢道 2）打断，插嘴 The lorry overtook me and then cut in (on me). 那 辆卡车超越我的车后，突然插入我前方的位置。 She kept cutting in on our conversation. 我们谈话 时她老是插嘴。 23. cut up 切碎cut up vegetables 把蔬菜切碎 24. cut off 剪断，切除；中断，切断She

22、 cut off a metre of cloth from the roll. 他从那 卷布上剪下一米。 Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。 The village was cut off (from the outside world) by heavy snow for a month. 村庄被大雪封住（而不 能与外界联系）达一个月。 sth. 准许，允许 doing sth. 允许做某事 sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 seek (after/ for) sth. 寻找某物 to do sth. 试图 /设法做某事 sth.

23、 (from sb.) （向某人）请求 25. cut across 走捷径，走近路I usually cut across the park on my way home. 我 在回家途中通常抄近路穿过公园。 26. gain/ put on weight 增加体重He is putting on weight. 他的体重增加了。 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note 1. on the scene 在现场Soon after the accident, the police came on the scene. 事发后不久警察就到达了现场。 2. permi

24、t The teacher doesn t permit sleeping in class. 老师 不允许上课睡觉。 Please permit me to offer you some advice. 请允许 我向你提些建议。 3. stare at 盯着看She stared at me with surprise. 她惊讶地瞪大眼睛 看着我。 4. find fault with sb./ sth. 找茬，挑剔She s always finding fault (with me). 她总是找 （我的）茬。 5. It s one s fault that “是某人的责任/ 过错” I

25、t s your fault we are late. 我们晚了是你的过错。 6. I finally spotted my friend in the crowd. 我终于在 人群中看见了我的朋友。 He spotted someone coming out of the building. 他 看到有人正走出大楼。 7. account for 1）说明（原因） 2） （数量上）占 He could not account for his absence from school. 他无法说明他旷课的原因。 Afro-Americans account for 12% of the US p

26、opulation. 美国黑人约占美国总人口的12%。 8. on account of 因为；由于We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather. 由于天气不好，我们将启程的时间推迟 了。 9. take sth. into account 考虑到；顾及 = take account of sth. When judging his performance, don t take his age into account. 评定他的表现时，不必考虑他的年 龄。 spot sb./ sth. sb. doing 10. They w

27、ant to seek for/ after happiness together. 他 们想一起追求幸福。 They are seeking to bring the conflict to an end. 他 们试图结束冲突。 You must seek permission from the manager. 你需 请求经理批准。 11. be out of patience with 对 忍不住了I will be out of patience with you. 我对你要失去 耐心了。 12. with patience 耐心地He is doing his business wi

28、th patience. 他耐心地 做着自己的事。 13. be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心，容忍某人You must be patient with my mother she is going rather deaf. 你对我母亲得有耐心她耳 朵越来越背了。 14. be at fault 有错的；有责任My memory was at fault. 我记错了。 15. bring up 1）培养 /养育某人 2）把吃的东西吐出来= throw up 3）提出某事 He was brought up by his uncle. 他是由叔叔养大 的。 He ate too

29、 much and brought up all the food on the way. 他吃得太多，在路上全吐出来了。 These are the matters that you can bring up at the meeting. 这些事你可以在会议上提出来。 16. bring about 引起，导致The earthquake brought about great damage to the building. 地震导致了这栋建筑物的极大破坏。 17. make/ have a bet (on sth.) (with sb.) （与某人）（就某事）打赌 They are ma

30、king / having a bet on FIFA World player. 他们正在赌谁会当选世界足球先生。 18. I bet 我敢说，我确信 = I m sure I bet he won t come. 我敢说他不会来。 19. by accident 偶然地，意外地 = by chance I found it by accident. 我很意外地发现了它。 20. on the contrary 与此相反，正相反It doesn t seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it s rather beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑

31、，恰恰相反， 我觉得它挺美的。 21. I wonder if you “不知你是否” （表示委婉的请求，用于较正式的场合） I wonder if you would like to come to my birthday party. 不知你是否愿意来参加我的生日聚会。 22. mind doing sth. 介意做某事I don t mind sharing a room with him. 我不介意与 他合住一个房间。 23. “介意某人做某事” I don t mind him ( 或 his) coming. 我不反对他来。 24. be doing when “正在做这时” be

32、 about to do when “正要做这时” We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们在开会的时候，有人突然闯入。 We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain. 我们快动身离开的时候， 天突然下起雨来。 25. a good/ large amount of + 不可数 n. （作主语时，谓语动词用单数） good/ large amounts of + 不可数 n. （作主语时，谓语动词用复数） A good amount of dama

33、ge was done in a very short time. 短时间内就造成了严重损害。 Large amounts of money were spent on the bridge. 那座桥耗资巨大。 26. in rags 穿得很破烂The detective dressed himself in rags.那个侦探把 自己打扮得衣衫褴褛。 27. take a chance 冒险，碰运气 28. as for 至于，关于，就而言 = as to He is taking a chance by driving his car so fast. 他 冒险把车开得这么快。 As fo

34、r Tom, he did quite well. 至于汤姆，他做得 不错。 Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars 1. be fundamental to 对是基本的，必需的This is fundamental to a true understanding of the book. 这对真正理解这本书十分重要。 2. in sb s presence 当着某人的面，有某人在场She asked them not to discuss the matter in her presence. 她要求他们不要当着她的面讨论这个 问题。 3. be

35、 harmful to 对有害的 = do harm to The air here is harmful to our health. 这里的空气 对我们有害。 4. There is no harm in doing sth. 不妨做某事 = It does no harm to do sth. He may not be able to help but there s no harm in asking him. 他可能帮不了忙， 但是求他一下倒也 无妨。 5. exist on 靠生存 = live on They exist on very little food. 他们靠极少的食

36、物 生存。 mind one ones doing sth. 6. exist in 存在于中Several people believe the Devil exists in the world. 少数人认为世界上存在恶魔。 7. in a puzzle 不知如何是好，很迷惑I am in a puzzle about what he said. 我对他说的 话迷惑不解。 8. in time 1）迟早；最后= sooner or later; eventually 2）及时；不迟= not late You ll learn how to do it in time. 你早晚能学会做 这

37、件事的。 Will I be in time for the train? 我赶得上那趟火车 吗？ 9. give birth to 生出，产出She gave birth to a second child in January. 一月 份的时候她生了第二个孩子。 The Chinese nation has given birth to many national heroes and revolutionary leaders. 中华民 族养育了很多民族英雄和革命领袖。 10. in one s turn 轮到某人也（做某事） ，也They, in their turn, made a

38、proposal. 他们接着也 提了一个建议。 11. by turns 轮流，交替The two brothers looked after their sick mother by turns. 兄弟俩轮流照看他们生病的母亲。 12. in turn 依次Each man in turn stood up and spoke. 每个人依次 站起来发言。 13. It is one s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事It s your turn to wash the dishes. 今天轮到你洗盘 子了。 14. prevent sb./ sth. (from) doing

39、 sth. 阻止某人做 某事 = stop sb./ sth. (from) doing sth. = keep sb./ sth. From doing sth. The heavy rain prevented us going on, but we didn t lose heart. 大雨阻止我们前进， 但是我们不 灰心失望。 15. escape from 从逃出Who helped him escape from the prison？是谁帮 他逃出监狱的？ 16. block out 1）挡住（光线或声音） 2）忘掉，抹去（不愉快的事） Black clouds blocked

40、out the sun. 乌云遮住了太 阳。 Over the years she had tried to block out that part of her life. 多年来她努力想把生命中的那一段经 历从记忆中抹去。 17. block off （用障碍物）隔开，封锁Police blocked off the street after the explosion. 在 发生爆炸之后，警方用路障封锁了那条路。 18. block up 塞住，封住（孔，洞）My nose is blocked up because of a heavy cold. 因 患重感冒，我的鼻子堵了。 19.

41、 crash (sth.) into sth. （把某物）撞到某物上He crashed his car into a wall. 他的汽车撞到了墙 上。 20. pull in 1） （火车等）进站 2）吸引（观众、支持这等） The train pulled in right on time. 这列火车正点到 站。 The new show is certainly pulling in the crowds. 新的表演一定很吸引人。 21. pull out 1）拔出，取出（+of ） 2） （火车等）驶离（车站） He pulled out a gun. 他掏出一支枪 I arrive

42、d as the last train was pulling out. 我到达 时，末班列车刚刚开出。 22. pull down 拆毁The cinema she used to visit had been pulled down. 她常去的那家电影院已经拆除了。 23. pull up （使车辆）停下The driver pulled up at the traffic lights. 司机在红 绿灯前把车停住。 24. pull through 恢复知觉或康复She was so ill that it seemed unlikely that she would pull thro

43、ugh. 她病得很厉害，看来不大可 能康复了。 25. the mass of 大多数的（人）The mass of workers do not want this strike. 大多 数工人不愿举行这次罢工。 26. be a mass of sth. 充满；布满The garden was a mass of colour. 花园里的景色 五彩缤纷。 His face was a mass of bruises after the fight. 他打 完架后脸上青一块紫一块的。 27. in the mass 总体上；总的来说She says she doesn t like chil

44、dren in the mass. 她 说从总体上讲她不喜欢孩子。 28. cheer up 感到振奋；（使）高兴起来The fans cheered up when they saw their favorite star. 看见自己喜欢的明星，“粉丝”们兴奋起来 了。 Tom bought his girlfriend a large diamond ring to cheer her up. 为了哄女友高兴，汤姆给她买了一 棵大钻戒。 29. cheer sb. on 为某人加油；鼓励The crowd cheered the runners on as they started the

45、 last lap. 赛跑进入最后一圈时，观众为运动员 加油鼓劲。 30. now that 既然 = since Now that everyone is here, let s discuss the problem. 既然大家都到了，让我们开会吧。 31. get the hang of (doing) sth. （口语） 掌握（做） 某事的窍门、要点 Have you got the hang of driving a car? 你掌握开 车的窍门的了吗？ I don t quite get the hang of his speech. 我不十分 了解他讲话的要点。 32. brea

46、k out （火灾、战争等）爆发World War II broke out in 1939. 第二次世界大战 是 1939 年爆发的。 33. come about 发生 （是不及物动词短语，无被动语态） How did it come about that you got lost? 你怎么 会迷路了呢？ 34. watch out (for ) 当心，提防You ll be cheated if you don t watch out. 如果你 不当心，就会上当受骗。 Watch out for cars when you cross the road. 过马 路时要当心车辆。 35.

47、倍数的表达方法： 1）A is + 倍数+ as + adj./ adv. + as B “A 是 B 的倍” 2）A is + 倍数+ 比较级+ than B “A 比 B倍” 3）A is + 倍数+ the size (height, length, width 等) + of B “A 是 B 的倍” The population of China is about six times as large as that of the United States. 中国的人口大约是美 国的 6 倍。 The jet fighter flies three times as fast as

48、 sound. 这 架喷气式战斗机的飞行速度是音速的3 倍。 This room is three times larger than that one. 这个 房间比那个房间大3 倍。 This room is three times the size of that one. 这个 房间是那个房间的3 倍大。 Unit 5 Canada “ The True North” 1. be surrounded by/ with被包围The city is surrounded with a river. 这个城市被一 条河包围着。 2. make sht. to one s measure 按

49、照某人的尺寸做 某物 I ll make a coat to your own measure. 我将按你的 尺寸给你做件大衣。 3. take measures 采取措施They took strong measures against dangerous drivers. 他们对危害公众的司机采取强硬的措 施。 4. on board 在车（船、飞机）上We went on board the ship. 我们登上了轮船。 Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. 飞机上的 人都很着急，而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。 5. would rather do than do 宁愿而不愿 She d rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死 也不愿失去孩子们。 6.sett