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1、Unit 1 Great scientists 单元测试（人教版必修5，课标通 用） (满分： 150 分，时间： 120 分钟 ) 第卷(共 115 分) 第一部分听力 (共两节，满分30 分) 第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅 读一遍。 1What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers? ASaleswoman an
2、d customer. BCustomer and waiter. CBoss and employee. 2When did the movie actually start? AAt 8：00 p m BAt 8 ：30 p m CAt 7 ：30 p m 3What can we learn about the woman from the conversation? AShe hates snakes. BShe is just back from a tour. CShe likes swimming most. 4What do they think of Jim? AHe get
3、s nervous very easily. BHe is an inexperienced speaker. CHe hasnt prepared his speech well. 5Why will Ted be invited to the party? ABecause the woman likes Ted. BBecause the mans mother wants him to come. CBecause Ted is the mans good friend. 第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小
4、题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项 中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后， 每小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第6 至 8 题。 6When does the conversation probably take place? AIn the morning. BIn the afternoon. CIn the evening. 7How does the man usually get to work? ABy taxi. BBy underground. COn foot. 8What do
5、es the man think of his journey to work? AThe fare is reasonable. BThe traffic is always terrible. CIt takes too much time and money. 听第 7 段材料，回答第9 至 11 题。 9Who is answering the phone? AJudys brother. BSusans cousin. CJudys cousin. 10 What has happened to Susans bat? AIts stolen. BIts lost. C Its br
6、oken. 11What does Susan ask Judy to do tomorrow? ATo bring the book and the extra bat. BTo call Susan and her cousin back. CTo play table tennis with her brother. 听第 8 段材料，回答第12 至 14 题。 12 What are the speakers mainly talking about? AHow to fall asleep. BHow to get relaxed. CHow to keep healthy. 13
7、What did the man do yesterday? AHe went to the gym with the woman. BHe took a walk in the country with Lucy. CHe did some exercise in the morning. 14 What does the man like to do to solve his problem? ATake a quick shower. BDo some exercise. CListen to music. 听第 9 段材料，回答第15 至 17 题。 15 What is Bettys
8、 problem? AShe doesnt know what kind of college to go to. BShe doesnt know what kind of job to take. CShe doesnt know how to communicate with her parents. 16 What is Bettys opinion? AShe wants to go to business school. BShe wants to go to medical school. CShes not sure. 17 Why does Mr.Black suggest
9、an arts college to Betty? ABecause students dont have to pay. BBecause students study all subjects. CBecause students are free to choose a major. 听第 10 段材料，回答第18 至 20 题。 18 What is the actual reason that Kong Xiangdong had his hair cut off ？ AHe thinks it is environmentally friendly. BHe doesnt like
10、 to use shampoo or a hair dryer. CHe started to lose his hair. 19 What is Kong Xiangdong running now? AA school. BA band. CA theatre. 20 What advice does Kong give parents whose children are learning the piano? AAsk their children to practice playing the piano more. BTell their children to play the
11、piano as a career. CDont force their children to learn it. 听力材料 Text 1 W： Is there anything I can do for you? M：Well ，Id like to buy some socks and a white shirt with short sleeves ，please. Text 2 W： Did you go to the cinema yesterday evening? M：Yes.It was supposed to start at 8：00， but it was delay
12、ed half an hour. Text 3 M：What did you do in Hainan? W：Oh，quite a lot.I played tennis ，went swimming ，and even took pictures with a snake，which I once hated so much. Text 4 M：Jim looks very nervous ，doesnt he? W： Yes，Im afraid he is not used to making speeches. Text 5 W： I really dont like the way T
13、ed controls the conversation all the time.If he is going to be at the Christmas party，I wont come. M：Im sorry you feel that way.But my mother insists that he come. 听第 6 段材料，回答第6 至 8 题。 Text 6 W： Would you like some more coffee ，James? M：Oh，yes，please.Another days work.I like the job ，but I hate trav
14、elling around London. W： Oh，come on，James.How do you get to work? M：I walk to the station and take the underground.And sometimes Ill take a taxi if I get up late. W： How long does the journey take? M：It takes about 45 minutes on a good day.Its just awful. W： Well，how much does it cost? M：Its twenty
15、pounds a week.I think thats quite a lot. W： Oh，James.Stop complaining，and hurry up.Youll be late. 听第 7 段材料，回答第9 至 11 题。 Text 7 M：Hello! W： Hello，Susans speaking.May I speak to Judy，please? M：Im afraid she is not here at the moment.I am her brother.Shall I take a message? W： Yes， you see， Judy and I
16、plan to play table tennis tomorrow ， but my cousin has broken my bat.I think Judy has an extra one，so please ask her to bring it for me. M：So，Susan called，her table tennis bat broke，hope Judy bring an extra one. W：Yes，thank you，er.One more thing，I lent her a book a couple of weeks ago.I think she ha
17、s probably forgotten it all together.Could you possibly ask her to bring along that book as well? M：OK ，bring along Susans book.Anything else I can do for you? W： No.Thank you very much ！Bye. M：Bye! 听第 8 段材料，回答第12 至 14 题。 Text 8 W： Hey， Ben， whats the matter with you? M：Well.Im stressed out. W： Oh，I
18、 see.Why dont you get some exercise？When Im stressed out，I go for a run. M：I dont know.maybe. W： Come on，Ben.You have to focus！I know youre stressed out. M：Well ，I did go for a long walk yesterday.with Lucy in the country.But then I had trouble sleeping and I woke up this morning with a headache. W：
19、 Thats too bad.What about going to the gym ？You could work out and get rid of your stress. M：I dont think so.Its too hard.I think Ill just get some sleep. W： Thats a great way to relax. M： Yeah.And listening to music helps ， too.When I listen to music ， I usually fall asleep.And I want to take a hot
20、 bath and relax. W： That sounds good. 听第 9 段材料，回答第15 至 17 题。 Text 9 M：Betty，have you decided what kind of college you are going to apply for? W： Not yet ， Mr.Black.My father wants me to go to business school but my mother wants me to go to medical school.What do you think? M：That is the question I w
21、ant to ask you.Whats your own opinion? W： I dont know ， and neither do my friends.I like both but I would like to become a chemical engineer also. M：In that case，I would advise that you enter an arts college first. W： What do students in an arts college study? M：Arts students often do not have a maj
22、or in the first two years and are free to choose a major any time during their studies. W： That sounds interesting.Ill discuss that with my parents.Thanks for your advice，Mr.Black. 听第 10 段材料，回答第18 至 20 题。 Text 10 When the well- known pianist Kong Xiangdong first made it big in the city in the early
23、1990s， he was called the “ piano prince”His smart looks and passionate music won the hearts of many women fans. Now the “ prince” has a new lookwith hair cut off. “It is very environmentally friendly，” Kong said，smiling. “I never need to use shampoo or a hair dryer！” The real reason for the change i
24、s that Kong started to lose his hair.From an ordinary piano student to an internationally famous musician ，the 38-year-old Shanghainese pianist is now president of a piano school that has accepted more than 20,000 students during the past nine years. Kong pointed out a common mistake for parents who
25、 were eager for their children to learn the piano.“Dont push your children to learn the instrument as a career unless the child feels he couldnt live without it，” Kong said.He guesses that Shanghai has hundreds of thousands of children studying the piano seriously. Perhaps strangely for the presiden
26、t of a piano school， he adds， “ Learning the piano is so hardit means a child has almost no childhood. ” 答案1.A2.B3.B4.B5.B6.A7.B8.C9.A 10C11.A12.B13.B14.C 15.A16.C17.C18.C19.A20.C 第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45 分 ) 第一节语法和词汇知识(共 15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分) 从 A、B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21 Having _no-meat day would
27、 be a good way of encouraging _low carbon lifestyle. Aa；the Ba；a Cthe；the Dthe；a 答案B考查冠词。句意为“ 一天不吃肉应该是鼓励低碳生活方式的一个很好的方法。” 第一空为泛指，并非特指哪天不吃肉；第二空“ a low carbon lifestyle ” 只是生活方式的一种。 本题难度适中。 22 A small but _crowd cheered as the players ran onto the field. Aenergetic B enthusiastic Cenjoyable D encourage
28、d 答案B考查形容词的辨析。句意：运动员们进入场地时，虽少却热情的人群欢呼起来。 energetic 精力旺盛的， enjoyable 令人愉快的， encouraged深受鼓舞的， 都不合题意。 故选 B。 23 _for the breakdown of the school computer network ， Alice was in low spirits. ABlaming BBlamed CTo blame DTo be blamed 答案B考查非谓语动词的用法。此句中非谓语动词在句中作原因状语。Alice 是被责备 的对象， 故需用过去分词的形式表示被动意义。句意： 艾丽丝因为
29、使学校电脑网络瘫痪而被 责备，她情绪低落。 24 _able to attend the conference is _we havent expected. AHis not being ； that B His not being ；what CHis being not ； what DHe being not； that 答案B第一空为v.-ing 形式的独立主格结构，注意 not 要放在 be动词前； 第二空为 what 引导的表语从句。 25 The student was_reading the novel that he didnt sense that his teacher
30、 was just standing beside him. Avery absorbing on Bvery absorbed in Cso absorbed in Dso absorbed on 答案C本题考查absorb 的用法。从句意分析，absorb 在本句中应为“ 专心，全神贯注” 的意思，常用于be absorbed in 这一结构，意为“ 全神贯注于 ” ；又因为该句中含有so. that.结构，故C 项正确。 26 The doctor advised him to take a holiday in the village， for fresh air will_good
31、health. Acontribute to Bturn to Crefer to Dbelong to 答案A考查短语动词辨析。contribute to 意为 “ 有助于，促使 ” ，其主语一般是事物。句 意：医生建议他到乡下度假，因为清新空气对身体健康有益。turn to 求助于，转向；refer to 查阅，参考，谈到；belong to 属于。 27 Blaming often_a complete failure in family communications. Asticks to Bleads to Cdevotes to D refers to 答案B考查动词词组辨析。句意
32、：责备往往在家庭交流中导致彻底的失败。A 项“ 坚持 ” ； B 项 “ 导致 ” ；C 项“ 致力于 ” ；D 项“ 涉及，参考 ” 均不合语境。故选B。 28After two years talk ，the two countries finally came to a(n)_that they should give up their prejudice and work together for their peaceful development. Aconclusion Bagreement Cachievement D. situation 答案B考查名词辨析。句意：经过两年的
33、会谈，这两个国家最终达成协议，他们应该放 弃偏见，共同为和平发展而努力。conclusion“ 结论 ” ；agreement“ 协议 ” ；achievement“ 成就 ” ； situation“ 形势 ” 。 29 A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless_to do so with the help of a reflecting device. Abeing done Bto be made C made Dhaving made 答案C考查非谓语动词。句意：光束在拐角处不会弯曲，除非有反光设备让它这么做。 后半句
34、是unless it is made to do so with the help of a reflecting device的省略形式，a beam of light 与 make 之间是被动关系。 30 I felt very disappointed when my repeated request that I join the club was_. Areplaced Bresisted Crejected D removed 答案C考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我一次次要求加入俱乐部被拒绝后，我感到很失望。 A 项 “ 代替 ” ；B 项“ 抵制 ” ；D 项“ 移动 ” 均可排除。
35、故选C。 31 _its low cost ， the appeal of iron as a building material lies in its strength ， its resistance to fire ，and its potential to span vast areas.(2012杭州模拟 ) AOther than BApart from CRather than DExcept that 答案B句意： 除了较低的费用外，钢铁作为建筑材料的吸引力还在于它的强度，耐火性 和它涉及多个领域的潜能。apart from 的用法之一是“ 除 之外 (还有 )” ， 符合句
36、意。other than 相当于 except，意为 “ 除 之外 (别无 )” ，rather than 意为 “ 而不是 ” 。 32Once_to the public in the newspaper，the incident will attract lots of peoples attention. Aexposing B to expose Cexposed Dwas exposed 答案C考查非谓语动词作状语。expose与全句主语the incident 之间构成逻辑上的动宾 关系，表被动，故答案为C。 33 The boss of Microsoft is very st
37、rict_the staff，so everyone in the company has to be completely strict_their work. Awith ；with B with；in Cin；in Din；with 答案B考查动词短语。be strict with 后宾语为人，be strict in 宾语为事，故选B。 34 _I met him ，he was working as an engineer in a big company. ASince the first time BThe first time CFor the first time D The
38、 first time which 答案B句意：我第一次遇到他时，他正在一家大型公司作工程师。四个选项中， 只有 the first time 后可跟从句。故选B。 35 With the world_fast ，we have something new to face every day. Achanged Bchanging Cchange Dto change 答案B句意：因为世界变化很快，所以我们每天都要面对新的东西。在with 的复合结 构中，宾补与world 构成逻辑上的主谓关系，且表示伴随的动作，故选B。 第二节完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分30 分) 阅读
39、下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 A successful scientist is generally a good observer.He makes full _36_of the facts he observes.He doesnt accept ideas which are not _37_ on obvious facts ，and therefore refuses to accept authority( 权威 )as the only_38_ for truth.He always _39_ideas care
40、fully and makes experiments to prove them. The rise of _40_science may perhaps be considered to _41_as far back as the _42_of Roger Bacon，the wonderful philosopher( 哲学家 )of Oxford ，who lived_43_the years 1214 and 1292.He was probably the first in the middle_44_ to suggest that we must learn science
41、_45_observing and experimenting on the things around us， and he himself _46_many important discoveries. Galileo ，however，who lived more than 300 years later(1564 1642)，was the greatest of several great men _47_lived in Italy.France ， Germany， or England began by _48_to show how many important _49_co
42、uld be discovered by observation.Before Galileo， learned men believed that large bodies fell more _50_towards the earth than small ones，_51_Aristotle said so.But Galileo ，going to the _52_of the Leaning Tower of Pisa ，let fall two _53_ stones and proved Aristotle was wrong.It was Galileos _54_of goi
43、ng direct to nature，and proving out _55_and theories by experiment that has led to all the discoveries of modern science. 【解题导语】作者通过一些科学家成功的例子，告诉我们：观察和实验是科学家取得成功 的前提。 36 A.use Btime Cspeed Dtrust 答案Amake full/good use of. 表示 “充分利用 , ”。 37 A.worked Bbased Clived Dwritten 答案Bbe based on.表示 “ 以 为根据，以 为
44、基础 ” 。 38 A.reason Bcause Cadvice D result 答案Athe only reason for truth 表示真理的唯一理由，cause(导致事故的 )原因。 39 A.thinks B checks Chas Dlearns 答案B根据句意，他认真验证某种观点并用实验来验证它们是否正确。check“ 核查，检 查” 。 40 A.natural Bphysical Cancient Dmodern 答案D根据下文Roger Bacon 提出通过观察和实验来了解科学可知这是现代科学的标 志。 41 A.date Bkeep Clook Dtake 答案A这
45、里 date是一个动词，date back表示 “ 追溯到某时候 ” 。 42 A.study Btime Cyear Dbirth 答案B追溯到这位科学家所生活的时代。 43 A.both Beach Cbetween Damong 答案C词组 between.and.表示 “ 介于 与 之间 ” 。 44 A.schools Bages Cdays D countries 答案Bin the middle ages 表示 “ 在中世纪 ” 。 45 A.in Bwith Con Dby 答案Dby doing. 强调前面某动作的执行方式，“ 靠 ，用 ” 。 46 A.did Bmade
46、Ctook Dgave 答案Bmake many important discoveries ，表示 “ 作出许多重要的发现” 。 47 A.who Bwhen Cthat Dwhere 答案Awho 在此引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词several great men。 48 A.ways Bdegrees Clevels D chance 答案Bby degrees 表示 “ 逐渐地，渐渐地” 。by chance“ 偶然的 ” 。 49 A.truths Bproblems Cpeople Dsubjects 答案A根据词义及句意可知，答案选truths，表示 “ 真理 ” ，符合
47、句意。 50 A.slowly Brapidly Clightly Dheavily 答案B人们认为大物体下落的速度要比小物体的快。 51 A.although Bbecause C when Dif 答案B “ 因为 ” 这是科学界权威人士亚里士多德这么说的。 52 A.place Bfoot Ctop Dceiling 答案C伽利略来到比萨斜塔的“ 顶端 ” 抛下两个球。 53 A.big Bsmall Cequal Dunequal 答案D为了证明不同大小的物体下落的速度不相同的观点是错误的，伽利略在塔顶丢 下两个 “ 不同 ” 的球。 54 A.spirit Bskill Ctheor
48、y Ddiscovery 答案A是伽利略这种直接探究自然界本质的“ 精神 ” 引导现代科学所有科学发现的产 生。 55 A.plans Bopinions Cworld Dability 答案B通过实验来证明某种“ 观点 ” 和理论。 第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 A The year was 1985.Ronald Reagan was president.Mikhail Gorbachev became leader of the USSR.Back to the Future was boffo at