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1、精品文档 . Unit 1 Whats the matter?知识点总结 I. 基本知识点 1. What s the matter (with you)?怎么了？出什么事了？ Whats the trouble/ the problem / wrong with sb./ sth.? 2. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu have a fever have a cough咳嗽have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼 3. 身
2、体部位 +ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛 4. much too+ ，意为，too much+ ，意为。 5. enough 【形容、副词】足够的 /地，enough放在名前后，形副后。 good enough足够好， enough money=money money 6. lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay，过去分词 lie 说谎，过去式 lied，过去分词 lay ，过去式，过去分词 7. ma
3、ybe “ 或许” ，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right. may be， 是情态动词 +be的结构，意为“ 可能，也许” ， 后加名词、代词或形容词。 He may be angry. 8. sound like+名词、代词和从句： It sounds like you dont know the truth. sound+形容词， “ 听起来，好像 ” ，The music sounds nice. 9. need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth. 需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作： You need
4、to listen carefully during class. need doing sth. 主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing. 10. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车 11. agree 同 意 ， 赞 同 ； 同 意 做 某 事， 同 意 某 人 的 看 法 、 观 点。 精品文档 . 12. trouble 问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble ，make trouble ， have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth. have
5、 trouble/difficulty/problems with sth. 13. right away=right now=at once，意为。 14. 【复习】 advice 不可数名词 劝告，建议，向征求意见， give sb. advice on sth. 就 某 事 给 某 人 建 议 ； advise 动 词 advise sb. to do sth. advise doing . 15. 【复习】 exercise 动词意为，可数时意为，不可数时意 为。 16. hurt 及物动词，使 疼痛， 受伤， He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物
6、动词， （部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly. 17. clean 【动词】， clean the classroom ， 【形容词】， cleaner意为。 18. hit （用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone. hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部位； hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。 19. be used to sth./ doing sth. 习惯于、 适应了
7、、 做某事， 强调状态；His grandpa was used to country life. Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning. get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “ 变得习惯，逐渐适应 ” 强调过程、动作： It s difficult for one to get used to another countrys habit. 20. 【复习】 free 形容词 空闲的 free time；免费的 the drink is for free；自由的 I want to bec
8、ome a free bird. be free to do 精品文档 . free【动词】使 解脱，得到自由He could not free his arm. free from 21. run out用完，用尽 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. 物 sth. tun out. 某物用尽了。人 sb. run out of物 sth人用尽了某物。 He run out of all his money last night. 22. risk st
9、h to do sth. 冒着.的风险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险 risk doing .=take the risk of doing . 23. the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性 We students should know the importance of (learning) English. importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的， unimportant adj. 24. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision to do sth
10、. decide 25. be in the control of 掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control无法控制，无法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中 26. 【复习】 mind 意为 介意 ， Would you mind my opening the window? 27. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事， give up (playing) computer games；give up 后可 接名词、代词和动词ing 形式
11、，也可不接，如 Never give up easily. II. 重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧2. have a cough 咳嗽3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12
12、. see a dentist 看牙医13. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片 14. take one s temperature量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热17. sound like 听起来像18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着走 22. on the side of the road 在马路边23. shout for help 大声呼救 精品文档 . 2
13、4. without thinking twice 没有多想25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one s surprise 使. 惊讶的28. thanks to 多亏了 ；由于29. in time 及时 30. save a /one s life 挽救生命lose ones life 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻；马上33. because of 由于34. get out of 离开;从 出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤36. put a band
14、age on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒38. feel sick 感到恶心39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事45. run out (of) 用完;用尽 46. so that 以便47. so. . . that 如此 以至于 48. be in control
15、of 掌管;管理49. in a difficult situation 在闲境屮 50. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事51. make a decision 做出决定 52. take risks 冒险53. give up 放弃 III. 重点语法 【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词， 在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、 性别、数上保持一致。 数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称 单数myself yourself himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourselves themselves 【用法】 1. 可用作宾语，指的是
16、宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。 如：Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well. 2. 可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn t quite herself today. 3. 可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。 如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week. 精品文档 . 4. 用在某些固定短语当中。 如： look after o
17、neself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth 请自用 （随便吃 /喝些）. hurt oneself摔伤自己 say to oneself自言自语leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth. 给自己买 东西introduce oneself 介绍自己 【提醒】 1. 反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我 自己能完成作业。 （误
18、） Myself can finish my homework. (正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself. 2. 反身代词表示 “ 某人自己 ” 不能表示 “ 某人的东西 ” ， 因为它没有所有格的形式。 表达“ 某 人自己的（东西） ” 时，须要用 ones own. 如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I m drawing with myself crayons. (正) I m drawing with my own crayons. Unit2 单元总结 .词形 give-gave-gi
19、vencome-came-come put-put-put make-made-made set-set-set break-broke-broken take-took-taken understand-underst ood-understood strong-stronglyfeel-feelingown-ownerable-disabled-unable difficult-difficult y different-difference kind-kindness train-training-trainer .词组 1. clean up 清扫，打扫2. cheer up （使）振
20、作起来，高兴起来3. put up张贴 4. call sb. up (= make a telephone call to sb.) 给某人打电话 5. give out = hand out分发， 发放 6. give away捐赠；赠送7. give up 放弃8. tell sb. about/of sth告诉某人关于某事 9. in an after-school study program在课外辅导活动中10. make a plan = plan 制定计划 11. from now (on)从现在起12. make some notices 发通知，发布通告 13. come u
21、p with 提出，想出14. in an old peoples home在敬老院 15. help out with 帮忙解决某事 16. read the newspaper to the old people 给老年人读报 17. tell me the stories about the past 给我讲关于过去的故事 精品文档 . 18. used to do sth. 过去常常做某事；曾经19. care for = take care of = look after 照顾， 关爱 20. one day （过去或将来的）某一天21. some day （将来）总有一天 22.
22、get his future dream job得到他理想中的工作23. hard work 艰苦的工作 24. work hard 努力工作25. such a strong feeling of satisfaction如此强烈的满足感 26. get better康复27. the look of joy on their owners faces主人脸上快乐的表情 28. at the age of 在岁时29. try out for 参加选拔 30. a dream come true 梦想成真 31. at the same time 同时32. put off 推迟，延期33.
23、 be busy with sth. 忙于某事 34. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 35. worry about = be worried about担心 36. make money = earn money 赚钱37. raise money for为捐钱 38. in the free time在闲暇之余39. run out of 用完 40. take after = be similar to = look/be like 像41. fix up 修理，修缮 42. not any more = no more 不再43. write to sb. 给某人写
24、信 44. feel/be lonely 感到孤独45. a lonely village 一个偏僻的小乡村 46. travel alone (= by oneself = on one s own) 独自旅行47. set up建立，创立 48. make it adj. for sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 49. disabled people残疾人 50. make a big difference to 对有很大影响51. make no difference to 对没有影响 52. answer the telephone 接电话 53. a friend of
25、mine = one of my friends我的一个朋友（双重所有格） 54. be excite d about 对感到兴奋55. at once = right away= 立刻，马上 56. send sb. sth = send sth. to sb. 寄（送）给某人某物57. best wishes 衷心的祝福 58. be strong in = do well in = be good at擅长做某事 59. work out fine 产生好的结果；成功 60. in need 有需要地61. decide to do 决定做某事62. volunteer to do 义务
26、做某事 重要语言点 1. not only but (also) 不但 而且 用来连接两个并列的成分 (1)引导以 not only but (also)开头的句子往往引起部分倒装。 因此 Not only do I feel good but (also).是倒装句。也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动 词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面。如： Not only can I do it but (also) I can do best. 我不仅能做到而且做得最好。 精品文档 . Not onlybut (also)接两主语时，谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是 就近原则如： Not only L
27、ily but (also) you like cat. 不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫。 Not only you but (also) Lily likes cat. 不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫。 常见的就近原则的结构有： Neither nor 即不也不 (两者都不 )Neither you nor I like him. Either or 不是就是 (两者中的一个 )Either Lily or you are a student. Not only but (also) There/Here be . or. 2. join 参加 (指参加团体、组织 ) 如：join the Party 入党
28、take part in 参加 (指参加活动 ) 如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会 3. run out 与 run out of run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本 身就含有被动意义。 His money soon ran out. 他的钱很快就花光了。 My patience has completely run out. 我没有一点耐心了。 Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。 run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。 He is always r
29、unning out of money before pay day. 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把 钱花完了。 两者在一定条件下可以互换 如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了 = We are running out of petrol. 我们快把汽油用完了。 Our time is running out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。= We are running out of time. . 语法 .动词不定式： To do sth is . /It be adj.for/of sb. to do sth. (真正的主语 ) v.+ to do (作宾
30、语 )/make/think/find it adj. to do （真正的宾语） 精品文档 . v.+ sb.+ to do(作宾补 ) to do （作状语，表目的、结果、原因等） 作定语，放在所修饰的词的后面 what/how to do.(复合不定式 ) .动词短语： v.+ adv.(后跟名词、代词、动名词。代词宾格放中间) v.+ prep. v.+ adv. + prep. v.+ n. + prep. IV. 提供帮助的交际用语 1. What are you going to do when you see the hungry people?当看到饥饿的人，你将做什 么？
31、2.What kind of volunteer work do you think you could do?你认为你能做哪种义务工作？ 3. What would you like to do to help the homeless people? 你想做什么帮助无家可归的人？ 4. If you see these things or problems, what will you do? 如果看到这些事情或问题，你将会 做什么？ 5. Im going to set up a food bank/a charity to help the hungry people.我打算建立一个食
32、品 救济站 /一个慈善机构来帮助饥饿的人。 6. I will work outside. 我将出去工作。 7. You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。 8. You could help kids with their schoolwork.你可以帮助孩子们学习功课。 9. You could start a Chinese History Club. 你可以开办一个中国历史俱乐部。 .话题 本单元围绕 “volunteering and charity”，向别人提供帮助。 写作中可用的重点句式： I d like to vo
33、lunteer to （想从事的志愿工作 ) I m strong in/Im good at （自己的兴趣和爱好） In my free time, I like to ., so I think I can do this job well. （自己的优点怎么有助于 精品文档 . 做好该工作） I want to help out as a volunteer in your old peopl es home/museum/ becauseI （做 这件事的理由） I m free to help in/on/at （什么时间） Unit Three 知识汇总 .词形 sweep-sw
34、ept-sweptthrow-threw-thrownlend-lent-lent drop-dropped- -dropped depend- independ ent-independ ence develop-developed-developed-developing fair-fair ness-unfair II. 短语 1. make polite requests =make requests politely 礼貌地发出请求 2. ask for permission 请求允许（许可）3. clean your room 打扫你的房间 4. do chores 做杂活do c
35、hores at home 在家里做杂活 5. discuss with sb (about sth)=have a discussion with sb (about sth)和.讨论（某事） 6. do the dishes 洗餐具6. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 7.fold the (ones) clothes叠衣服8. sweep the floor扫地 9. make the (ones)bed 整理床铺，铺床10. clean the living room 打扫起居室 11. come over （to）过来，顺便来访 . 12. All right 好吧
36、！ 13. Let s see.咱们想想14. Let me see. 让我想想15. no problem 没问题 16. go out for dinner 出去吃饭17stay out late 在外面待到很晚 18. go to the movies 去看电影19. get a ride 搭车 20. give sb a ride (to.) 让某人搭车（去 .) 21. work on 从事22. finish doing sth. 完成做某事23. clean your room打扫你的房间 24. help sb out with sth帮助某人做 . 25. at least
37、至少at most至多 26. come home from school/ work放学/下班回家27. be back from shopping 购物回来 28. any time 随时 29. see this mess 看到这样乱30. read the story (for sb) 为.读故事 31. be angry with sb about sth （因某事）和某人生气32. solve the problem解决问题 精品文档 . 33. welcome sb. （to .) 欢迎某人 (到.来） 34. throw down sth 扔掉/下. 35. sit down
38、in front of TV 在电视机前坐下36. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步 37. go out for a walk出去散步38. all the time 一直;总是 39. all day/evening 整曰/夜 40. do housework 做家务41. shout back 大声回应42. walk away 走开了 43. the next day第二天 44.find the house clean and tidy 发现房子干净整洁的 45. share the housework 分担家务46. a comfortable home 一个舒
39、适的家 47. in surprise 惊讶地 ,吃惊地 48. get something to drink 拿点喝的东西 49. watch one show 观看一个节目50. hang out with sb和.闲逛 51. pass sb. sth=pass sth to sb 把某物传给某人52. borrow sth from sb(sp)从.借出. 53. lend sb. sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人54. get sth. wet 使某物弄湿 55. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事56. hate (doing) sth讨厌（做）某事 5
40、7. help sb. (to ) d o /with sth帮助某人干某事58. bring a tent带顶帐篷来 59. buy some drinks and snacks 买些饮料和小吃60. go to the store去商店 61. invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会62. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 63. buy sth for sb=buy sb sth为.买. 64. be careful with sth小心使用某物 65. have enough stress from 有来足够的来自 .的压力 66. a waste o
41、f ones time浪费某人的时间67. get good grades 取得好成绩 68. get into a good university 进入一所好大学69. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 70. depend on依赖;依靠 71. Theres no need for sb to do sth对.来说，没必要做 . 72. in order to为了,目的是=so that =in order that. 73. provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth. 为.提供. 74. develop childrens indep
42、endence发展孩子的独立能力 75. look after/take care of/care for 照顾76. learn how to do sth. 学习怎样做某事 77. do one s part in (doing ) sth.做某人分内的事78. keep it clean and tidy保持干净整洁 79. understand the idea of fairness 懂得公平意识80. have no idea =dont know 不知道 81. as a result结果82. fall ill /be ill 生病 83. It s fair for sb t
43、o do sth对某人来说，做 .是公平的 III. 重点句型 精品文档 . 1.表示请求的句型及应答语： Could /will you please do sth？ 肯定回答： Yes, sure. / Certainly./ Of course. / No problem/OK/All right/With pleasure. 否定回答： Sorry, I cant. I have to do sth/Im going to do sth/I am doing sth 2.请求许可的句型及应答语： Could I/we do sth? 肯定回答： Certainly./Of course
44、./sure./ No problem 否定回答： No, you can t. 如有助动词或情态动词，一般放在助动词或情态动词之后。例如: Peter also has two brothers. 彼得也有两个兄弟。 I am also a student. 我也是一名学生。 Mrs. Green can also sing the song in Chinese. 格林夫人也能用汉语唱这首歌。 2). too 是普通用词，多用于口语，语气较随便。一般用在肯定句和一般疑问句的句末。 例如: I m in Row 1, too. 我也在第一排。 注意： also和 too 一般都用于肯定句，很
45、少用于否定句。 3). either 表示“ 也” 时，一般只用于否定句，且置于句末。例如: I dont know him. Tom doesnt know him, either. 我不认识他，汤姆也不认识他。 If you dont go there, he wont go there, either. 如果你不去那儿，他也不会去那儿。 注意： either 本身没有否定的意义。所以多与not 连用。 7. neither 表示“ 两个都不 ” ， 它作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 例如：Neither of you can do it. 你们两个都不能做这件事。 8. It is the
46、 parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 此处代词 it 仅为形式上的主语 , 真正的主语是 to provide for their children 。我们也可 将 It is ones job (duty, ) to do something.视为一个固定的句型 , 表示“ 做某事是某人的 工作(职责等 )” 。如:It s every teachers job to explain things clearly to the students. 把东西给
47、 学生讲明白是每一位老师应做的事情。 9. provide 作动词，意为 “ 提供；供应 ” 。 精品文档 . provide sb. with sth.或 provide sth. for sb.意为“ 为某人提供某物 ” 。如： The movie theater provides us with good service. His school provided a house for him. 10. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 反正我觉得干点家务也不难。 anyway 是一个副词 , 若位于句首 , 其后
48、往往会有逗号将其与句子的其他内容隔开。 anyway 在此句中的作用是追加评论, 相当于汉语的 “ 反正; 仍然; 依然” 。如: Sam didn t get the job, but hes not unhappy because it didnt pay well anyway.萨姆没有得 到那份工作 , 但他并没有闷闷不乐 , 反正薪酬也不算高。 anyway 还可用来表示 “ 不管怎样 ; 无论如何 ” 之意。例如 : It s just a cold. But anyway, you should still see the doctor.这只不过是感冒 , 但不管怎 样, 你还是应该看看医生。 12. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独 立, 对他们的未来就越好。 “the+ 比较级 + , the+比较级 +” 是英语中一个常用的句型结构, 表示 “ 越 , 就 越” 。 如:The more he explained, the better we understood.他解释得越多 , 我们就理