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1、剑桥雅思6-第一套试题-听力部分-Section 4SECTION 4 Questions 31-40Questions 31-37Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Social history of the East End of LondonPeriodSituation1st-4th centuriesProduce from the area was used to 31. the people of London.5th-10th centuriesNew technology
2、allowed the production of goods made of 32. and. .11th centuryLack of 33. in the East End encouraged the growth of businesses.16th centuryConstruction of facilities for the building of 34. stimulated international trade.Agricultural workers came from other parts of 35. to look for work.17th centuryM
3、arshes were drained to provide land that could be 36. on.19th centuryInhabitants lived in conditions of great 37. with very poor sanitation.Questions 38-40Choose THREE letters, A-G.Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in connection with 20th century housing in the East End?A unsympath
4、etic landlordsB unclean waterC heating problemsD high rentsE overcrowdingF poor standards of buildingG houses catching fire 场 景：伦敦东部历史的讲座本文介绍了伦敦东部的历史，讲述了公元1世纪被罗马帝国侵占的伦敦，到中世纪时期被盎格鲁-撒克逊人(现今德国、丹麦一带)占领，以至16世纪至今在当地发生的一切变化。2003年在英国出现过一部热门电视剧East Enders，描述的就是这一地区普通居民的生活现状。这一地区从历史上就是普通工人阶层的聚集地，生活质量相对较差，所以在英
5、国也是社会热点关注。本节必备词汇、词组East End伦敦东部eventuallyadv.最终地headv.朝走去economicallyadv.经济地livestockn.家畜alternativen.选择feedv.喂养marshlandn.沼泽invasionn.侵略drainedadj.已排水的triben.部落portn.港口leathern.皮革，皮革制品povertyn.贫困conquer征服，克服sufferv.折磨prosperousadj.繁荣的，兴旺的appallingadj.令人毛悚然的restrictionn.限制sanitaryadj.卫生的newcomern.新来
6、的人tenantn.佃户，房客merchantn.商人landlordn.房主，房东money-lendern.借款人，债主electricityn.电dockn.船坞implicationn.含意，暗指constructv.建造，建设nutritionn.营养词汇拓展lifestylen.生活方式primarilyadv.基本地，最初地industryn.工业，产业particularadj.特别的cattlen.牲畜retirev.退休coastlinen.海岸线vitaladj.致命的，重要的downsiden.劣势，坏处cultivatev.培养affordv.负担得起nourishi
7、ngadj.有营养的文本及疑难解析1. Back in the first to the fourth centuries AD, when the Romans controlled England, London grew into a town of 45,000 people, and whats now the East Endthe area by the river Thames, and along the road heading north-east London to the coastconsisted of farmland with crops and livest
8、ock which helped to feed that population.公元1世纪至公元4世纪，当罗马帝国统治英格兰时，伦敦发展成了一个拥有4万5千人的城镇，也就是现今的伦敦东区。伦敦东区位于泰晤士河附近，沿着伦敦东北走向的公路一直通向海岸，在这块海岸上，耕种及畜牧业是当时人民赖以为生的方式。2. In the eleventh century, in 1066 to be precise, the Normans conquered England, and during the next few centuries London became one of the most po
9、werful and prosperous cities in Europe.在11世纪，更确切地说，是在1066年，诺尔曼人侵占了英格兰。在接下来的几个世纪中，伦敦成为了欧洲最强大和最繁荣的城市之一。诺尔曼人指现今的法国人，1066年后，法国对英格兰又进行了上百年的统治，由此出现了“百年战争”以及英法之间至今都存在的敌对情绪。3. The East End benefited from this, and because there were fewer restrictions there than in the city itself, plenty of newcomers settl
10、ed there from abroad, bringing their skills as workers, merchants or money-lenders during the next few hundred years.伦敦东部受益于此，而且当地的限制并没有伦敦市内多。许多人在接下来的几个世纪中从国外来这里定居，有工人、商人或是放贷者。4. In the seventeenth century, the East End was still a series of separate, semi-rural settlements.在17世纪，伦敦东部仍然是一块偏僻的、半乡村的移民
11、居住地。这里的separate可理解为“偏僻的”。semi-直接翻译成中文为“半”，例如半脱脂牛奶是semi-skimmed milk。5. There was a shortage of accommodation, so marshland was drained and built on to house the large numbers of people now living there.那时住宿是一个巨大的问题，因此沼泽地被抽干用来建造房屋，为那里的很多人提供了住处。此句中的house为动词，理解为“为提供住处”。6. Those who could afford to live
12、 in more pleasant surroundings move out, and the area became one where the vast majority of people lived in extreme poverty，and suffered from appalling sanitary conditions.那些能够负担得起更好居住环境的人搬走了，这个地区成为了极贫困人群的居住地，并遭受着极严重的卫生问题的折磨。7. But the poor and needy were attracted by the possibility of work, and th
13、ey had to be housed.那些贫困的和生活艰难的人被这里的工作机会吸引过来，而且他们也需要有地方住。8. It was the availability, rather than the condition, of the housing that was the major concern for tenants and landlords alike.对房东及房客来说，最重要的问题是有没有房子，而不是房子的条件如何。9. Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power were used,
14、like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room.那时很少有房子能用上电，因此也利用其他能源，例如人们用煤来点火，但那也只能为一个房间供暖。题目解析第3137题为表格填空题。本题关键在于能否抓住核心词以帮助定位答案。题目中所有的世纪(period)在原文中均有重现，难点在于右边一列的内容是否能够在原文中分辨清楚，这就要求考生能够把握题干中的核心词及其近义词，并在听的过程中做出快速反应。SituationTapescriptProduce from the area was used to feed the people of
15、London.consisted of farmland with crops and livestock which helped to feed that population.New technology allowed the production of goods made of metal and leather.The technology they introduced meant that metal and leather goods were produced there for the first time.Lack of restrictions in the Eas
16、t End encouraged the growth of business.The East End benefited from this，and because there were fewer restrictions there than in the city itself.Construction of facilities for the building of ships stimulated international trade.In the sixteenth century the first dock was dug where ships were constr
17、ucted.Agricultural workers came from other parts of England to look for work.And in the late sixteenth century. when much of the rest of England was suffering economically, a lot of agricultural workers came toMarshes were drained to provide land that could be built on.There was a shortage of accomm
18、odation, so marshland was drained and built on to house the large numbers of people now living there.Inhabitants lived in conditions of great poverty with very poor sanitation.and the area became one where the vast majority of people lived in extreme poverty, and suffered from appalling sanitary conditions.第3840题为选择题。其中，第38题的overcrowding在原文中的表达为crowded；第39题选项中的heating一词在原文中为heated perhaps just in the room。难点在于第40题，选项F的poor standard of living在原文中没有同义词体现，但用排除法依然可以得出答案，因为另外几个选项在文中根本没有涉及。