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1、现在完成时（The present perfect tense）的用法小结一、现在完成时的结构：_ 现在完成时的被动语态结构：_ 现在完成时的进行时态：_二、用法：现在完成时既涉及_，又联系_。用法一：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与just（刚刚），already（已经），never（从来没有），ever（曾经），before（以前），yet（仍然），once（一次），twice（两次），many times（很多次），how many times（多少次），so far（迄今为止），during the past（last）three years（最近三年来）等
2、连用。用法二：表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有： for表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years。 since表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986. since表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born. since一段时间ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语（for，since，how long, all ones life）连用的动
3、词必须是表示延续的情况或动作的动词，即延续性动词。如：be，have，know，live，work，study，learn，teach，keep，speak，talk，draw，wait，wear，walk，sleep，drive，write，do，clean等。I _for nearly 20 years. 我当老师已经有20年了。How long _here? 他住在这多久了？四、延续性动词的现在完成时可和包括“现在”在内的（到说话时仍未结束）表示一段时间的状语连用。如this morning，today，this week，these daysHe has been to Beijing
4、 three times this year. 五、英语中还有一些动词的意义决定它们所表示的动作不能延续,只是一瞬间就结束的动作,这类动词叫做“非延续性动词”，常见的有：come，go，arrive，reach，see，hear，close，open，leave，begin，start，lose，buy，fall，join，die，get up，become，borrow，lend，find，finish，receive等。这些动词可用于现在完成时，说明某个动作的结果还存在，但不能和表示一段时间的状语（how long，for，since）连用。判断正误：He has come back.（
5、）He has come back for two hours.（ ）六、如何通过与一般过去时做比较,进一步掌握现在完成时?一般过去时和现在完成时的动作都发生在过去,但意义却不同.（1） 一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系。现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调的是现在。如:I learned ten English songs（说明过去学过,现在是否记得,不是本句的内容）I have learnt ten English songs.（learn发生在过去,但强调我现在懂英语歌曲）I cleaned the blackboard half an hour ag
6、o.（只说明“擦”和其发生的时间）I have cleaned the blackboard.（说明现在黑板是干净的）The teacher has written some new words on the blackboard（黑板上现在有单词）The teacher wrote some new words on the blackboard（黑板上现在没有单词）（2）一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last year, three days ago, just now, 等。现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,其时间状语可以是since,for ,
7、 just, ever, never, before, already, yet , so far, all ones life等现在完成时专项练习一 高考链接:从所给的A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项1. I got caught in the rain and my suit_.A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined2. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics_ by 2006.A. ha
8、s been completed B. has completed C. will have been completed D. will have completed 3. - The window is dirty.- I know. It _ for weeks.A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt clean C. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned 4.- George and Lucy got married . Did you go to their wedding?- No, I _. Did they have a big w
9、edding?A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadnt been invited D. didnt invite5. The construction of the two new railway lines_by now. A. has completed B. have completed C. have been completed D. has been completed6. I like these English songs and they _many times on the radio. A. taught B
10、. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught7. I heard theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone. A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted8. Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.I think so. He _ for it for months. A.
11、is preparing B. was preparing C. had been preparingD. has been preparing9. By the time he realizes he _ into a trap, itll be too late for him to do anything about it. A. walks B. walked C. has walked D. had walked10. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _
12、 yet. A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decide二单句改错1. The book has been given him._2. The most comfortable service has been offered us by him._3. The new bridge over the Yellow River has just completed._4. Many new buildings were built since 1980._5. Something ba
13、d has been happened to him三. 用动词的正确形式填空1. We _(study ) in Little Star English since two years ago.2. Tsunami _(not happen) in the south-east of China recently.3. My father _ (read) the novel twice.4. -She _(buy) a Hello Kitty for you , hasnt she?-Yes, she _.5. This is the nicest park I _(see).6. The
14、y _ (study) English for a long time.四. 根据汉语提示完成句子1你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗？_ you _ _ your father _ ?2. 我已经很长时间没有拜访过我姑姑了。I _ _ my aunt _ _ _ _.3. Simon曾经去过几次中国。Simon _ _ _ China for _ _ _.4. 他们已经去电影院了They _ _ _ _ the cinema.5. Smith夫妇还没有回来。 The Smiths _ _ _ _.6. 脏衣服都已经洗了。The dirty clothes_.7. 这项计划已经由专家研究过三次了。The plan _by the experts for three times.8. 这些年来, 这个小孩一直由王奶奶照料。The child _by Grandma Wang all these years. 9. 门已经被锁上了。_10. 有人告诉他这事很多次了。He_ 11. 工作一完成我们就立即动身。Well start as soon as the work _