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1、 语法专题三：状语从句1. 状语从句的类型1) 时间状语从句：常见引导词有： when：表示主句和从句的动作同时或先后发生，强调点，表“就在那时；突然”。while：常表示延续性动作或状态；也可表示对比的转折。as soon as： 表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。hardly / scarcely when；no sooner than：表示“还没来得及就；刚就”。directly, immediately, instantly：副词当连词用，表示“一就”。the moment, the minute, the second：充当连词，等于when / as soon as。ea
2、ch time, every time, next time, by the time等：也可以引导时间状语从句。since：引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。常用句型：It is + 段时间 + since从句，“自从有多长时间了”。until：常与not连用，表示“直到才”；Not until置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；还可用在It is / was not untilthat 强调结构中。before：常表示主句动作发生在从句之前；亦可表示“过了时间 / 走了距离才”。如：we had walked 3 hours before we got to the vi
3、llage.2) 让步状语从句：常见引导词有：although, though, even if, even though, as等。 3) 原因状语从句：常见引导词有：because：常用于回答why, 语气最强；强调原因，常与just, only等起强调作用的副词连用；可引导表语从句。for：是个并列连词，一般不放在句首，常表示一种推测或解释，或用作附加说明。as, since：常译为“既然、由于”，表示十分明显的原因，语气较弱。now that：表示“既然”的意思。4) 地点状语从句：常见引导词有：where, wherever等。5) 目的状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so th
4、at, in order that等。目的状语从句的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句；不可置于句首；目的状语从句还可以用动词不定式来替换。6) 结果状语从句：常见引导词有：that, so that, so that, such that 等。7) 方式状语从句：由as, as if(though)等引导。8) 比较状语从句：由than, as等引导。9) 条件状语从句：if, unless, so (as) long as, in case, once, as far as, on condition that引导。2. 注意：1) 主将从现规则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句
5、、让步状语从句、方式状语从句中，若主句用一般将来时，或是祈使句，或是含有情态动词的谓语形式，从句则用一般现 在时或现在完成时表示将来时。2) 疑问词 + ever和no matter + 疑问词的区别：疑问词 + ever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句；no matter + 疑问词，只能引导让步状语从句。巩固练习：1._ youve tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A. Unless B. Because C. Although D. When 2. He left in _ a hurry _ he forgot his key.
6、 A. such, that B. so, that C. the same, as D. such, as3. He has loved me _ I were his son. A. because B. as C. if D. as though4. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some _. A. as last B. in case C. once again D. in time5. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _
7、I could answer.A. as B. since C. before D. until6. We must do it well, _there are a lot of difficulties.A. as ifB. as thoughC. even thoughD. even as 7. _ has taken part in the Athens Olympic Games is worth praising no matter _ he has won medals or not.A. Who; ifB. Anyone; whether C. Whoever; whether
8、D. Whoever; how 8. -Its a long time _ I saw you last.-Yes, and what a pity it is now that it will be a long time _ we see each other again.A. before; sinceB. since; whenC. since; beforeD. when; before 9. The head of the company promised to deal with matters of this sort_ he returned to his office.A.
9、 until B. while C. by the timeD. the moment 10. He had already walked three or four miles_ he saw a cart by the side of the road.A. whileB. when C. the momentD. unless 11. Much _ the young couple needed money to make the down payment for the apartment, they wouldnt ask their parents for help.A. alth
10、ough B. as C. even if D. while 12. I have kept the photo _ I can always see it, as it reminds me of the days when I studied in Britain.A. at which B. when C. where D. at the place 13. I would appreciate it _ you can help me with my English this afternoon.A. because B. until C. when D. if 14. _ you m
11、ay be right, I cant altogether agree.A. As B. While C. If D. Since 15._ was 1998 _ I graduated from the university.A. It; when B. It; that C. That; when D. That; that 16. The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever 17. “It gives
12、 me great joy and I feel more pressure than I did _ I won in China,” Ding Junhui said.A. that B. when C. which D. how 18. Parents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. through C. unless D. if19. John shut everyone
13、out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B. when C. so that D. as if20. _ everybody knows about it, I dont want to talk any more. A. For B. Even C. Since D. However21. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have
14、 the interest.A. wherever B. Whenever C. even if D. as if 22. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _it becomes available.A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until23. they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B.
15、While C. Until D. Once24. The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her .A. before B. until C. as D. since25. Tim is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as26. Our holiday cost a lot o
16、f money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter you enjoyed yourselves.A. as long asB. unlessC. as soon asD. though27. The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair he wanted to sit next to his wife.A. although B. unless C. because D. if28. The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story A.
17、 or B. unless C. but D. whether29. Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if30. Tom was about to close the windows _ his attention was caught by a bird.A. when B. if C. and D. till31. Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch b
18、reak she got to her office.A. since B. that C. when D. until32. How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever33. Today, we will begin _ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A. when B. where C. how D. what34. She hardly
19、 knows how to read English, and _. A. so do I B. she does so C. nor does he D. she is so 35. _ our manager objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. If C. Unless D. After36. _ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Although
20、 B. Unless C. As D. Since37. The workers are going through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen. A. as long as B. as though C. now that D. even though38. -Have you finished the book? -No, Ive read up to _ the children discover the secret cave. A. which B. what C. that D. where39. He was told that it would be at least three months _ he could recover and return to work. A. when B. before C. since D. that40. -What should I wear to attend the party?-Dress _ you like. It is not a formal occasion.A. whatever B. whichever C. however D. whoever