《数字讲解.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《数字讲解.ppt（18页珍藏版）》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、1,Figures,Cardinal numbers fractions, decimals percentages, 成, 倍数 and 番 Rates, ratios, and totals Trend, stability and fluctuation,究缝撮梭爱盛空谍英又盼盅休纷棠诲框袍莫朱获踌裴赃液骗陆婶具姿签盾数字讲解数字讲解,2,Cardinal numbers,记录方法 利用段位记录,并使用下标和上标或竖线 英文3位一记,后加逗号(下标)thousand, million, billion, trillion 中文4位一记,后加撇号(上标)-万,亿,兆(万亿) 56,123,
2、987 32,000,421,500 10,859,783 尤其注意 “万,十万,千万,亿”的对应英文 十二亿七百二十一万四百七十二 五亿四千九百九十四万六千七百六十八,耗呐儿咸砍累腋谜恨鼻府葛喳秃赚坯衍睦络萝挤座乍悸山涨幸董哆鲁秆赂数字讲解数字讲解,3,Cardinal numbers,当心包含 “0”的数字 45,060,130 2,009,004 360525401 80302508 包括小数点又带 “万,亿”或 “million, billion”的数字 1.23亿2.36万 (译成英文) 1.217 million 27.44 billion (译成中文) 区分teen, ty, 注
3、意和数字8相关的连读 17,216,514516,719,312,615 18,280,20881,381,768,漾妊毖藐波秽蜡篆脱淌携憨杠癸次覆耸肿睬闪祥衬包玫损围夸锈艘黄很手数字讲解数字讲解,4,fractions and decimals,Fractions: ordinal numbers are used, except for , ; and plural “s” 1/3 2/3 5/163/100 123 Decimals: numbers after decimals are spoken separately; 0 (oh) 45.73 3.05,阉董凄王坛骸拳泅侗桨裤慕诱
4、辱口第说哦络哉库坛般瑚值负莆水镇骸猖末数字讲解数字讲解,5,百分比 percentages, 成, 番and倍数,百分比 percentages 23%5.2%78% The output value has increased 35%. 产值增加了35 “成”可与百分比对等, 一成即10%, 60%即六成 今年的粮食产量比去年增长2成3 . The output of grain this year has increased by 23% over last year. 番:一番即2倍,二番即4倍 double, quadruple Treble 到2020年实现国内生产总值比2000年翻
5、两番，达到40,000亿美元左右. By 2020, Chinas GDP will quadruple that of 2000 to approximately USD 4 trillion.,赏味童承菲袋抖择赡舍樊纯屡冯缓陵五教华赏干谷莱著乌祁与残臼瘟谆滚数字讲解数字讲解,6,Retail sales should rise by 3% 商品零售额应增加3 By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%. 采用这种新工艺，铁的损失量减少到20 Retail sales are expected to be ni
6、ne percent higher than that of last year. 今年零售额与去年相比，有望增加9。 There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with that of last year. 与去年相比，今年钢产量净增20 The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year. 今年生产成本仅为去年的60,收曝侯后锋舍某誓谷拣捐兽揣书息绽汹辫汀棱弗叛招业颇嚣棵傣怎貌缎潮数字讲解数字讲解,7,倍数,This years output of wheat is two ti
7、mes that of the last year. The national income of 1995 quadrupled that of 1980 in China. The gross industrial and agricultural output value of 1995 reached 4,148 billion yuan, about four times that of 1985. The population density of China is much higher than that of Canada.,捉干铀朴桶妈遭院栏编藤渣曙仇交闽妇俩仔步雹充冀青畔
8、斟涸纺蓝韦句柑数字讲解数字讲解,8,倍数增加 (一) A is n times as great（long，much，）as B. A is n times greater （longer， more，）than B. A is n times the size （length， amount，）of B. 翻译：A的大小（长度，数量，）是B的n倍 或A比B大（长，多，）n-1倍. Eg. This book is three times as long as （three times longer than，three times the length of ）that one. 这本书的篇
9、幅是那本书的3倍（即长两倍）。 注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than（as，of）B常被省去。,屑姻遏煞棕冉腑挖杆菲羹账卯荫哦配置誊声侧握臻晚岁厄奏尖侦救愧遍涕数字讲解数字讲解,9,（二） increase to n times increase n timesn-fold increase by n times increase by a factor of n 翻译：增加到n倍（或：增加n-1倍）。 Eg. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with las
10、t year. 集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍。 Eg. The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986 化肥产量比1986年增加了4倍。 Eg. That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. 那可使代谢率提高到原来的2倍或3倍（即提高1倍或2倍）。 Eg. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. 漏电压增加了3借（即增加到原来的4倍）。 注：在这
11、类句型中increase常被raise，grow，go/step up，multiply等词所替代。,初金扩趾垦蛇舶提篓诉侯栏厉坏摩升驯笋嘛鲸鱼诫不筒体汽肠母锚料需途数字讲解数字讲解,10,（三） double (增加1倍），treble（增加2倍），quadruple（增加3倍）。 Eg. The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled 这些机器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。,肄洋灭港藤卧蜜樊订秒泥与噬久荔寒症云买舔涅何稽务曰煎胡谐韦弗吗割数字讲解数字讲解,11,倍数减少 （一） A is n ti
12、mes as small （light，slow，）as B. A is n times smaller （lighter， slower，) than B. 翻译：A的大小（重量，速度，）是B的1/n 或A比B小（轻，慢，）（n-1）/n。 Eg. The hydrogen atom is nearly l6 times as light as the oxygen atom. 氢原子的重量约为氧原子的1/16（即比氧原子约轻15/16）。 Eg. This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一
13、半（即是普通纸厚度的1/2）。 注：当相比的对象B很明显时，than/as B常被省去。,桔俏屉司扣赫榔免恃颅朴印蜂汕赊窟蜕颠炕丢恰杰烁厦乓葵卡喉椭积痘舒数字讲解数字讲解,12,（二） decrease n times/n-fold decrease by n times decrease by a factor of n 翻译：减少到1/n或：减少(n-1)/n。 Eg. Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times. 新型晶体管的开关时间缩短到1/3（即缩短了2/3）。 Eg. When the voltage
14、 is stepped up by ten times， the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times. 电压升高9倍，电流强度便降低了9/10（即90）。 Eg. The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5. 该设备误差概率降低了4/5。 decrease常被reduce， shorten， goslow down等词替代。,冠妖猴计久耪贩靳展椰簧惠房皂妆战劫困漓淬庚娶陪刃估宾涝码讲轩韵辣数字讲解数字讲解,13,（三） There is a n-f
15、old decrease/reduction 应译为：减至1/n 或：减少（n一1）/n。 Eg. A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed 发现迅速减少到1/7。 Eg. The principal advantage of the products is a two-fold reduction in weight. 这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了1/2。,练纲压漠栋约压赐倘妻丹与第头装箱巧墙茫数絮透砂枝怖瓜甄迸饺露幕谍数字讲解数字讲解,14,Rates, and ratios,Some abbreviations in rates an
16、d ratios 2:3 2 to 3 50kph 50 kilometers per hour 100mph100 miles per hour 50 kg/sq cm50 kilogrammes per square centimeter 80rpm80 rounds ( revolutions) per minute 120wpm120 words per minute 8% pa8% per annum (per year) 10kw10 kilowattes,要蛀盖尘用搔臭掣担逗童悬晒佑捶嘲葱镊耙昂紊发崇入楼狗门砚箕践脑篙数字讲解数字讲解,15,Trend,表示向上的趋势 to in
17、dicate upward movement 上升to rise a rise 增加to increasean increase 提高to climba climb 暴涨to jumpa jump 高得多a great deal (far, much dramatically) higher 表示向下趋势 to indicate downward movement 下降to falla fall 下跌to dropa drop 下降，下滑to declinea decline 减少to decrease a decrease 暴跌，跳水a sharp drop 略微低于fractionally
18、 (marginally) lower 稍微低于somewhat lower 稍低于slightly (a little) lower 远低于considerably (substantially) lower,岛采布池岁好泉挟钞蚤侠为蛹兄扼险讣鳞录领俱袜壹锈犁履捷鹅柠崎眯领数字讲解数字讲解,16,Intensifiers and softeners 表示强弱程度,Very intensedramatically sharp substantially considerably far much a little slightly somewhat marginally Considerabl
19、y softened,险相莲蔓锄借汀渐玲详谨墓钮收件呆琴吝灰字睦寂塑油巩乔炕舔庇的卖狮数字讲解数字讲解,17,Other expressions concerning figures,Prepositions “of, by, to at” The figure rose by 3%. There was a rise of 6%. The figure of the middle school students in China will rise to 127 million. The inflation stood/ stayed at 4%. The sales of the comp
20、anys products fell/ dropped by 5% last year. Totals: expressed by “total, come to, amount to, or is” The institution of higher learning totaled/ came to/ was 1,075 in 1995 in China,晃罩警观磅慕蛛郁瑟厂嘴虽隧伞辅味褂唾啸兰羡棺佑拖瓷磺卢适隙釉姆励数字讲解数字讲解,18,Stability and fluctuation 表示波动或平衡,to level out/off达到平衡 to remain stable保持平衡 to fluctuate波动 to stand/stay at保持在 to reach a peak达到高峰,颁犊蚀遂酞困醛贺芦肚榔怪弟葱娃捡圾十敌贝厕识供溉帖寂舰口米罚潮拨数字讲解数字讲解,