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1、Fill in the black with the right form of “swim”,My favorite sport is_. Though Im not good at _, I keep on practicing _ every summer. As we all know, _ is good for our health. Besides, it helps shape the body. However, _ in river is quite dangerous. It is reported that many people died because of _ i
2、n the river this summer. Whats more, the river is polluted now. How I hope that I can have a _ pool of my own!,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,Grammar,动 名 词 的 用 法,Gerund,动名词的用法,1）做主语 Doing + V. + no use no good not any use not any good useless There is no + doing,Its+,
3、+ doing,E.g. It is no use crying over spilt milk .覆水难收。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 It is useless talking about it with him. 和他谈这件事是没用的。 Its a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间,There is no ”句式来表示 . E.g. There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no litte
4、ring about. 不许乱扔杂物。 There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。,2)作表语 句子结构：主语+系动词+表语 S. + be + doing e.g. His hobby is collecting stamps. Her job is looking after the old. Their task is exploring oil mines in the west. 他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。 注意：这时，主语和表语可以互换位置,3)作定语。 动名词作定语时一般前置，与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓
5、关系，表用途。 reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车 singing competition 歌咏比赛 waiting room候车室,注：动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别:,a walking stick a swimming pool a sleeping car,区别,the walking man the swimming girl the sleeping boy,动名词修饰名词表示名词的功能,现在分词修饰名词表示该名词所处的状态,4)作宾语 verb /短语+ doing avoid, admit, appreciate
6、, consider, delay, deny, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest, understand be worth cant help cant stand feel like give up put off,Many people enjoy sunbathing on the beach in summer. 夏季，很多人喜欢在沙滩日光浴。 I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法
7、做这件事。 Hes not very well; he doesnt feel like eating. 他不太舒服，吃不下。 She practices speaking English every day.,Prep+doing look forward to（渴望，盼望）, be proud of（以自豪） be responsible for（对负责）, insist on（坚持） think of（考虑，想到） dream of（梦想） object to（反对，抗议） preventfrom（防止，阻止）keepfrom（防止，阻止） stopfrom（防止，阻止） be enga
8、ged in（从事于） depend on（依靠，依赖） excusefor（因而道歉） aim at（目的在于） devoteto（献身于） set about（着手做） be/get used to（习惯于） be fond of（喜欢） be afraid of（害怕） be tired of（对厌烦） succeed in（成功地做） be ashamed of（对感到羞愧）,e.g. She sat there without speaking. I look forward to seeing him again. Are you used to living there alon
9、e? When my father heard the news, he couldnt help laughing. He was busy preparing his lessons.,注意：（1）有些动词后面，如forget, remember, stop, try, mean, regret、go on等，既可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语，但是意义不一样。,forget regret remember,to do,doing,将要发生的动作,已经发生的动作,继续做同一件事情,继续做另一件事情,停止做某事,停下来做另一件事,意味着做某事,打算做某事,试着做某事,努力做某事,习惯做某事,被用
10、来做某事,情不自禁做某事,不能帮助做某事,He forgot paying for the book. 他忘了曾经付了买书的钱。(他付过钱了) He forgot to pay for the book. 他忘了去付买书的钱。(他没有付过钱) Stop talking.(停止说话) I stopped to talk with Tom.（停下正在做的事开始去说话）,(2) 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。,need want require The window
11、needsrequireswants cleaningto be cleaned,doing to be done,(3),Your car needs filling. 你这车要充气了。 This city deserves visiting. 这座城市值得光顾一下。 The problem requires studying carefully. 这个问题需要认真研究。 The trees want watering. 这些树需要浇水了。,(4) 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allowadviseforb
12、idpermit 名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here advise doing sth. advise sb. to do sth.,动名词复合结构：ones/one doing 1).物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词 在句中作主语或宾语: e.g. Marys coming late made her teacher angry. I dont mind your opening the window. 2).人称代词宾格 / 名词 + 动名词 在句中作宾语: e.g. Im sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot.,动名词的时态语态,Thank you !,