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1、Unit 13 英语状语从句的翻译,一、时间状语从句 （1）译成相应的表示时间的状语 1. When they analyzed these rocks，they found “shocked” quartz grainsslivers with a particular arrangement of micro cracks believed to represent the relic left by an extraterrestrial impact. 在分析这些岩芯时，他们发现“冲击”石英颗粒带有特殊排列的微裂缝的薄片，科学家认为他们是外层空间来的物体与地球碰撞留下来的遗迹。,2.
2、As land developed，rain water and rivers dissolved salts and other substances from rocks and carried them to the oceans，making the ocean salty. 在陆地形成时，雨水和河水溶解了岩石中的盐和其他物质并把它们带入海洋，使海水变咸。,（2）根据语境确立译法 3. The story dated back to one night in March，1993，when Mr. and Mrs. Shoemakers went to an observatory n
3、ear San Diego，California to observe heavenly bodies till dawn. 故事发生在1993年3月的一个夜晚。苏梅克夫妇到加利福尼亚圣迭戈附近的一座天文台去观测天体，直到黎明。,4. Something further must be done to the amplified signals before they can be sent to the transmitting antenna. 对于放大了的信号，必须作进一步的处理后，才能把它们馈送到发射天线上去。,二、条件状语从句 可相应译成表示条件或表示假设的分句，例如翻译成:“如果，
4、要是”等引导的分句。 5. Sometimes this fall，if all goes well，a revolutionary new undersea vessel will be lowered gently into the waters of Monterey Bay for its maiden voyage. 今年秋天，如果一切顺利的话，一只革命性新潜艇将轻轻在蒙特利海湾下水，进行它的第一次航行。,6. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor，it cannot save the few who are rich
5、. 自由社会要是不能帮助众多的穷人，也就无法挽救少数富人。 7. The amount of deformation is directly proportional to the applied stress provided the force does not exceed a certain limit. 如果外力不超过某一限度的话，那么形变量与外力成正比。,三、原因状语从句（1）译成表示原因的分句,8. It doesnt boil，despite temperatures reaching up to400degrees C，because it is under terrific
6、 pressure. 尽管温度可高达摄氏400度，水却因为处于高压之下而不会沸腾。,（2）译成表示结果的分句,9. You “jump on the bandwagon” when you decide to support a candidate because public opinion studies show he is likely to win. 如果民意调查显示某个侯选人很可能会取胜，因此你决定支持他，你就“跳上了宣传车”。,10. He says computer manufacturers used to be more worried about electromagne
7、tic interference，so they often put blocks of material inside to absorb stray signals. 他说过去的计算机生产商往往更担心电磁干扰，所以他们常常内置一层材料来吸收杂散信号。,四、让步状语从句 （1）译成表示“让步”的分句。如“虽然但是，尽管”等。 11. Although humans are the most intelligent creature on earth，anything humans can do，Nature has already done better and in far，far les
8、s space. 虽然人类是地球上最聪明的生物，人能创造一切，但大自然更富于创造性，早已创造出比人类创造的更好更小巧的东西。,12. While industrial lasers today are most often used for cutting，welding，drilling and measuring，the lasers light can be put to a much different use: separating isotopes（同位素）to produce nuclear fuel. 虽然今天的工业激光器最经常用于切割、焊接、钻孔和测量，但激光可以用于与此迥异
9、的用途:分离同位素以生产核燃料。,（2）译成条件句 由no matter引导的从句可以译为以“不论，不管，无论”等做关联词的条件分句。例如: 13. No matter how carefully you move your hand toward a fly，the insect will dart off almost every time. 不管你多么小心翼翼地把手伸向一只苍蝇，差不多每次它都飞走。,五、目的状语从句 （1）将表示目的的从句前置 14. For example，a film can slow down the formation of crystals so that s
10、tudents can study the process. 例如，为了能让学生研究这一过程，电影可以放慢演示晶体的形成过程。 15. There must be device non-linearity in order that such a phenomenon could be possible. 为了使这一现象有可能发生，就必须存在器件的非线性。,（2） 表示目的的从句后置 16. In addition，the cameraman must have a knowledge of composition so that the arrangement of the people a
11、nd objects in each shot will produce the desired effect. 另外，摄影师必须具备合成的知识，以便安排好每个镜头中的人和物来达到预期的效果。,经典例题,17. Since most TV “action-adventure” dramas occurs in urban settings，the fear they inspire may contribute to the current flight of the middle class from our cities. 由于电视播放的大多数“动作片”、“冒险片”以城市为背景，由此引起的
12、恐惧感正促使中产阶级逃离城市。,18. Although at first sight the legislation appears to obstruct what might otherwise be a simple process，it actually exists to facilitate the purchase，while protecting the creditors（so far as company law is concerned.） 虽然乍一看，这个法律似乎妨碍本来可能很简单的程序，但实际上这个法律的存在却使购买变得便利，同时（就公司法而言）也保护债权人。,19
13、. While there can be no question of considering education in isolation from science，technology，culture and information，as a social practice that may involve all the members of society in one way or another，education has its own characteristics. 毫无疑问，我们可以脱离科学、技术、文化和信息，把教育作为以某种方式涉及社会全体成员的一种社会实践来加以考查，但
14、教育毕竟还有自己的特点。,20. Lifts stopped working，so that even if you were lucky enough not to be trapped between two floors，you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down hundreds of flights of stairs. 电梯停了，因此即使你幸而没有被困在两个楼层中间，你也得去完成一项不愉快的任务，即摸黑往下走百级楼梯。,Exercise: 1. The first two must be equal for all wh
15、o are being compared，if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made. 如果要从智力方面进行任何比较的话，那么对所有被比较者来说，前两个因素必须是一样的。,2. New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past，giving rise to new standards of elegance. 同过去样，将来必然会出现新的思维方式和新的思维对象，给
16、完美以新的标准。,3. If the small hot spots look as expected，that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea，a refinement of the Big Bang called the inflationary universe theory. 假如那些小热点看上去同预计的一致，那就意味着又一科学论说的胜利，这种论说即更完美的大爆炸论，亦称宇宙膨胀说。,4. While there are almost as many definitions of history as there ar
17、e historians，modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past. 几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定，但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其做出解释。,5. If，like most of mankind，you have strong convictions on many such matters，there are ways
18、in which you can make yourself aware of your own prejudice. 如果你和大多数人一样，迷信诸如此类的事情，那么可以使你意识到自己偏见的办法是不少的。,6. Every time you try to answer a question that asks why，you engage in the process of causal analysisyou attempt to determine a cause or series of causes for a particular effect. 每当你试图回答一个问及“为什么”的问
19、题时，你就是在进行因果分析了。也就是说，你正努力寻找决定某个结果的某个原因或一系列原因。,7. While not every scientific fact is a numerical one，nor every scientific theory a predictor of numerical magnitudes，so many are that we cannot conceive of modern science without the process of measurement. 尽管不是每门科学事实都是用数字来表示的，也不是每一条科学理论都是数字大小的预测器，但是用数字表
20、示的是如此之多，以致如果没有计量我们就不可能设想有现代科学。,8. Where it is dry so much of the time that few plants can live，the destructive waters have their own way when the occasional rains come. 在长期干旱以致植物稀少的地方，偶尔降雨便会泛滥，造成灾害。,9. Whatever its underlying reasons，there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be contr
21、olled if only companies，individuals and governments would make more efforts. 不论污染的根本原因是什么，毫无疑问，只要各大公司、个人和各级政府都能作出较大的努力，所造成的大部分污染是可以加以控制的。,10. Now，commercial farmers have become increasingly specialized so that almost everything consumed on most farms is now bought from outside sources rather than home-grown. 现在，商业社会的农民已越来越专业化，因而在大部分农场消费的几乎所有东西现在都是从外面采购的，而不是农场自己生产的。,课后参考网站: 如何翻译名词性、定语、状语从句 (一) 如何翻译名词性、定语、状语从句(二),