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1、主谓一致主谓一致指的是句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致，句子的主语是第三人称单数时，其谓语动词需用单数形式；主语是复数时，则谓语动词用复数形式。英语中主谓一致关系一般遵循三个原则形态一致原则 （ 语法一致原则 ）意义一致原则 毗邻一致原则（ 就近一致原则 ）一 形态一致原则（语法一致原则）：主语和谓语的一致通常是从语法外部形态来决定的，即主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词就用复数形式。e.g. : The teacher is ( be ) here and the students are ( be ) there . 老师在这儿而学生在那。1. 要正确判断出主语：e.
2、g. : In front of the girl are ( be ) some flowers .( girl不是主语 )2. each 和 something等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，常见的有：each , one , either , neither , little , a little , much ； 以及由 some（或any, no ,every）后加 thing（或 body , one）构成的复合不定代词（包括 no one ，不含none）：e.g. : Someone is ( be ) looking for you .（有人在找你。） Each has
3、( 有 ) his merits (/merit/nc. 优点；功劳) （各有所长。）We each have ( 有 ) a dictionary . （我们每人都有一本字典。）（注：each作同谓语时，用复数形式的谓语）3.主语后接with , together with , as well as , rather than , but , like 等短语作定语时，谓语形式不受定语的影响 :e.g. : The teacher together with his students is ( be ) going there on foot . ( 老师和他的所有学生将步行到那里去。)4.
4、 many a (许多) 和more than one (不止一个) 等作定语，去修饰作主语的单数nc. 时，谓语动词用单数:e.g. : Many a way has ( have ) been tired . ( 已经试过许多办法了。)5. pair of等表示数量的 n.短语修饰主语时，谓语要与 pair 等n. 的形式一致，常见的还有: kind of , type of , form of , glass of , box of 等 :e.g. : There is a pair of shoes left . ( 只剩下一双鞋了。)( 注 : plenty of , a lot o
5、f , lots of 和 a number of等修饰主语不属于这一类，谓语动词的形式要与它们所修饰的主语取得一致。)6. trousers等复数形式n作主语时，谓语动词用复数：换成代词时，也要用复数形式，常见的还有: glasses , spectacles (眼镜) , scissors (剪刀) , scales (天平) , goods (货物) 等。二 . 意义一致原则 ：谓语动词的形式取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。e.g. : Some are ( be ) boys . ( 一些是男孩。) ( 注 : some这里指人 ，nc.)7. 从句或短语（包括不定式和动名词）作主语时，往
6、往表达一种抽象概念，谓语动词用单数：e.g. : Driving cars is ( be ) easy .（开车容易。）What we need most right now are (be) good books .（ 注 ：what引导的主从复合句有时用复数动词，这时其含义常可从表语中看出来。）8. maths等单数概念，复数形式的n. 作主语时，谓语动词多用单数。常用的有：抽象名词（如：news），学科名词（如：physics），专有名词（如：James , the United States），游戏，运动名词（如：billiards台球）等：e.g. : The United Sta
7、tes was ( be ) founded in 1776 . (美国成立于1776年。)9. 表示“总量”或“总和”的时间，距离，金钱，重量，容量等的复数名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数：e.g. : Twenty years is ( be ) a long time . ( 20年是段很长的时间。) Twenty years have ( have ) passed since his father died . ( 自他父亲去世以来已有20年了。)（注：如果强调具体的数量，则要用复数动词。）10. both等表示复数概念的代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数，常见的还有：few , a few
8、 ,many , several 等 ：e.g. : Both are ( be ) correct . ( ) 11. police等表示“总称”的名词作主语时，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数，常见的还有：people , cattle（牛），militia（/mili/国民自卫队），poultry（/poltri/家禽）：e.g. : The police are running after a thief .( 警察正在追赶一个小偷。)（注 ：people “民族”讲时，复数用peoples。）12.some等不定代词，two thirds等分数词及rest等名词作主语时，根据具体含义，谓语
9、动词用单数，也可用复数，常见的还有：some , any , none , all , most , more , the rest , (a )part , half 等 ：e.g. : All were silent . ( 大家一言不发。) ( all 这里指人)All was silent . ( 万籁俱寂。) （all 这里指物)13 . family 等集体n. 作主语，强调整体时用单数动词；强调成员时及个体时，用复数动词 :e.g. : His family is ( be ) going to move .(他家要搬走了。) (注：强调用单数动词)My family are (
10、be) very well .(我全家人都很健康。) (注：强调成员用复数动词) 14.“the + adj.” 作主语，表示“一类人”(如：the rich富人 ) 时，用复数动词；表示“一种抽象概念或品质”(如：the beautiful )时，用单数动词:e.g. : The poor were not able to buy it .(穷人买不起。 )The beautiful is not always the useful .(好看的不一定实用、总是有用的。)15. sheep ,means 等单复数同形的n. 作主语时，根据具体情况，谓语动词选用单数或复数：e.g. : Ther
11、e are / is (be ) no means of getting there .（没有方法到那里去。）A car is ( be ) a means of transportation .(汽车是一种交通工具。 )16 . 定语从句中的关系代词作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词取得一致。17 .用and 连接两个或两个以上的词，短语或句子作主语时，一般用复数动词；当表示单一概念时，要用单数动词:e.g. : Jim and Kate are my good friends .The worker and poet was invited to attend the confer
12、ence .(表单一概念) (注 ：两个单数n.前都有every , no , many a 等词修饰时，要用单数动词)e.g. : No teacher and no student is ( be )going .（老师和学生都不去。）三毗邻一致原则（就近一致原则）：谓语的形式取决于主语中邻近的一部分。e.g.: There is (be) a pen and two pencils on the desk .18. 毗邻一致现象一般出现在there be句型中，以及 neithernor( 既不也不) ,eitheror(或者或者),not onlybut also(不但而且),whet
13、heror（是还是）, 或or连接并列主语是的句子中。e.g. : Neither she nor I am right . ( 她和我都不对。)即学即练1. Mr. Black a well-known scientist on AIDS( 艾滋病 ) .A. is B. are C. has D. have 2. These books intended(v. 设计) for children under nine years old .A. is B. are C. has D. have 3. Three months passed since you left .A. was B.
14、were C. has D. have 4. The professor and writer invited to many universities to deliver lectures(作报告) .A. is B. are C. has D. have 5. The old very well taken care of in our city .A. is B. are C. has D. have 6. Neither his parents nor he himself a bank clerk .A. have B. are C. has D. is7. Someone par
15、ked the car in the way .A. has B. was C. is D. have 8. None of the students made mistakes this time .A. was B. were C. has D. have 9. Jim has used up all the money . None left .A. was B. were C. is D. are10. Neither of us received postcards this Christmas . A. has B. have C. is D. was11. I dont thin
16、k either of them married .A. has B. have C. were D. are 12. I keep only one apple for myself , and the other two yours .A. are B. is C. am D. have 13. Five people came to help , but another three still needed .A. was B. were C. is D. are14 . All present besides the professor .A. are B. were C. is D.
17、 are15. Each student a walkman which helps them improve their listening .A. has B. have C. is D. are 16 . They each won a prize .A. has B. have C. is D. are 17. Such the difficulties that we are now faced with .A. is B. are C. was D. were18. People for pleasure during their spare time .A. reads B. r
18、eading C. read D. readed19. His family poor and he used to sit in the garage and draw pictures .A. is B. was C. were D. are 20. My family going on a trip this summer .A. is B. was C. were D. are 21. The Chinese a hardworking people .A. are B. is C. will D. are going to22. Physics one of the hardest
19、subjects for a middle school student .A. is B. are C. be D. goes23. The United States founded in 1945 .A. were B. was C. is D. are 24. My blue trousers worn out .A. have B. has C. was D. were25. The two pairs of scissors Hangzhou-made .A. are B. is C. be D. going to be 26. This pair of glasses very
20、expensive .A. is B. are C. be D. has27. The number of people who travel by plane in China larger than ever before .A. are B. is C. has D. have28. A lot of work to be done to prepare for the conference .A. are B. is C. be D. were29. One or two days enough for this work .A. are B. is C. be D. was30. 5
21、0% of the land now suitable to grow plants .A. is B. are C. be D. were31. The poor part of the people we help .A. are B. is C. be D. has32. The new sure to replace the old .A. is B. are C. be D. have33. To prevent the air from being polluted what were now researching .A. is B. are C. was D. were34.
22、Persuading him to join us really hard .A. seem B. seems C. be D. seeming35. Six hundred miles a long distance .A. is B. are C. be D. were36. Her teacher and her friend in the sitting-room .A. is B. are C. was D. be37. Tom or you to blame .A. are B. is C. be D. was 38. Jane , together with her parent
23、s , to the park every Sunday .A. go B. goes C. went D. going 主谓一致专项训练1.The has two .A. boys , watches B. boy . watch C. boy , watches D. boys , watch2. Have you read todays newspaper ? - No , there a lot of sports news in it ?A. Is B. Are C. Was D. Were3. There some interesting news in todays newspa
24、per .A. is B. are C. has D. have4. The Greens China for five years .A. has been in B. has been to C. have been in D. have been to5. Neither he nor I going to the park .A. be B. is C. are D. am6. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift .A. is offered B. has offered C. are offered D
25、. have offered 7. When and where to build the new factory yet .A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided8. The number of people invited fifty , but a number of them absent for different reasons . A. were ,was B. was , was C. was , were D. were , were9. The new pair
26、of shoes you are looking for right under your nose .A. is B. are C. does D. have10. The first exercise should be done in class and the rest at home .A. is to be done B. are to be done C. are to do D. is to do11. The number of people who agree with this plan below average .A. is B. are C. goes D. go1
27、2. One third of the forest burnt down by the farmers .A. has B. have C. has been D. have been13. When and where to set up the city football club .A. has discussed B. have discussedC. are being discussed D. is under discussion14. Everyone , men or women , old or young sports and games .A. enjoy B. we
28、re enjoying C. enjoys D. will enjoy15. It Mike and Bill who helped me with my English .A. has been B. is C. was D. were16. All that we want to know why your condition has not improved .A. is B. was C. are D. were17. Ten minutes an hour when one is waiting for a phone call .A. seem B. are C. seems D.
29、 was18 . We all hope that all present and all going on well .A. is ; is B. is ; are C. are ; is D. are ; are19. The advice he offered prove .A. is ; correct B. does ; correctly C. is ; correctly D. does ; correct20 . Either your parents or your elder brother to attend the meting tomorrow .A. are B.
30、are going C. is D. have21. The police the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre .A. was searching for B. were searching for C. was searching D. were searching 22. What we need most right now good books .A. is B. are C. was D. were23. The poor always dreaming becoming the rich .A
31、. are ; of B. are ; in C. is ; about D. is ; to24. A knife and fork usually used in the West but now in China .A. is B. was C. are D. were25. Careless and untidy writing not allowed in any form of document .A. is B. are C. has D. have26 . The worker and poet invited to attend the conference .A. was
32、B. were C. had D. have27. There one or two things that I want to tell you alone .A. are B. is C. has D. have28 . There only two pounds of butter and a few packets of tea left .A. is B. seems C. are D. seem29. What to be your mistake that you shouldnt have let the secret out .A. appear ; is B. appears; is C. appear ; are D. appears; are30. Few in the lonely mountain village thought its very beautiful .A. live B. lived C. lives D. is lived