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1、状语从句,状语从句的知识储备,1、时态,2、从句的三个必须,3、句子结构,现在,过去,什么是状语从句？,用一个句子充当状语成分，那个句子 就是状语从句。,I get up,at six,when it is dark.,I get up,at school,where I study.,定义,状语从句 状语从句同副词，介词词组等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语，说明谓语动作的时间，地点，方式，手段，条件，程度，比较，原因，目的，结果等 I get up at 6:00 It is dark I get up when it is dark,第二部分：状语从句的类别,状语从句分类,表示时间 表示地点 表
2、示原因 表示结果 表示目的 表示条件 表示让步 表示比较,返回,表示时间,一、时间状语从句 When, as ,while, before, after, till, Until, as soon as, The moment, the minute, the first time. （名词性短语）,E.G. When/As he was eating his breakfast, he heard the door bell ring. While I was reading, he was playing. 3. The mother didnt go to bed until her l
3、ittle daughter returned home last night. 昨晚母亲等到她的小女儿回家才睡觉。,表示地点,二、地点状语从句 引导地点状语从句的主要有:where, wherever及- where构成的复合词。,EG: We shall go where people are kind. Just stay where you are. We received a warm welcome everywhere we arrived. 我们每到一个地方都受到了热烈的欢迎。,表示原因,三、原因状语从句 最常用的连词是: because， since， as， now （th
4、at）等,because, as, since, for,语气 位置意义 because 最强前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“” as较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由 since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由 for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。,EG: He is absent today because he was ill. As it is snowing，we shall not go out. You couldnt see him, for he wasnt t
5、here.（不句首） 4. Since you are ill, I will go alone.,表示结果,四、结果状语从句 可以由 so that， so.that， such.that,so that, sothat, suchthat,so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。 注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 sothat “如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形副that2.so+形a(an)单数名词that3.somany/much复数名词（不可数名词）+that suchthat“如此的以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.sucha(an)形名
6、词that2.such形复数名词不可数名词that,E.G. He was so angry that he left the room without a word. 他很生气,一句话不说就离开了房间。 It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it. The box is so heavy that nobody can move it. The box is so heavy as nobody can move . I didnt go early, so that I didnt get a seat.,表示目的,四、目的状语从句 主要的
7、引导词有: so that， in order that， 目的状语从句常常含有情态动词。,E.G. They are hurrying so that / in order that they may not miss the train. 他们为了赶上火车而匆匆忙忙。 He works hard in order that / so that he can serve his country well.,表示条件,五、条件状语从句 最常用的引导词有: if， if only（if 的强调式）, unless (= if not)， as long as， so long as,E.G. A
8、s long as I live, I shall work hard. You cant learn it well unless you work hard. If you want to know ,I can tell you.,表示让步,六、让步状语从句 主要的引导词有: though， although，as even if， even though however, Whatever , whenever等,though, although, as,though, although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。 下列情况只能用though： as thoug
9、h (=as if); even if (=even though) 在句末表示“然而” as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。,whatever, however, wherever, whenever,它们是what, how, where, when的强势语气。分别等于： no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when,E.G. I wont mind even if (though) he doesnt come. Though it was cold, she went out without an
10、 overcoat. Young as/though he is, he knows a lot. Whether it shines or rains, I will go. No matter who / whoever comes here, I will not let him in. you can take whatever you like.,表示比较,八、比较状语从句 主要由 than， as.as, the morethe more 这类从句常常有一些成分没有表示出来:,E.G. The more you eat, the fatter you are. John is le
11、ss clever than Tom. He is not so/as clever as his brother.,第三部分：三组（5种）时间状语从句,前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型， 每种句型分别对应独特的句式,三类时间,1、主从句同时发生,2、主从句都没有发生,3、主从句一前一后发生,What were you doing when the UFO arrived?,What are you doing when the UFO arrives?,I would leave if he came.,I will leav
12、e if he comes.,The train had been away when I arrived.,过去配过去,过去配过去,现在配现在,现在配现在,前引：根据主从句的三种时间关系，分为主 从句同时发生、主从句都没有发生、主从句一前一后发生三类句型， 每种句型分别对应独特的句式,三类时间,1、主从句同时发生,2、主从句都没有发生,3、主从句一前一后发生,过去类：.过去进行 when 一般过去,现在类：现在进行 when 一般现在,过去类：过去将来 when 一般过去,现在类：一般将来when 一般现在,过去完成 when 一般过去,练习翻译,1当小明做作业时，他的妈妈在做饭. Xiao
13、mings mom was cooking when he did his homework. 2那天，当小明做作业时，他的妈妈在做饭 That day, Xiaomings mom was cooking when he did his homework. 3他一来我就走(as soon as) I will leave as soon as he comes. 4那天，他一来我就走(as soon as) That day, I would leave as soon as he came. 5当他出门时，雨已经下了两个小时了. It had been rainy for 2 hours
14、when he went out.,第四部分：典型题目与历年真题,1 _ they had worked for along time, everyone looked tired. A While B After C Unless D For 2 He has been a teacher _ he came to the country. A since B until C as D when,3 He has had to cook by himself _ his mother went on business to Beijing. A during B since C after
15、Dwhen 4 It is ten years _ I saw you last time. A since B when C that D if,5 He always thinks Im wrong, _ I may say. A no matter whatever B whatever C what D that 6 _ , Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A However late is he B However he is late C However is he late D However late he i
16、s,7 You should run the machine _ the workers has shown you. A as B and C but Dso 8 You shall have the book _ I have read it. A so that B though C as soon asD since,9 The man put on a overcoat _ keep himself warm. A that B so that to C in order that Din order to 10 He has changed so much _ I can hard
17、ly recognize him. A as B so that C that Dbut,11 Wounded _ he was, he refused to come back from the front. A as B though C although Dboth A and B 12 Well both wait here _ you get back. A so that B that C until Dfor,13 Some people want to go hunting, _ others want to go finishing. A or B because C whi
18、le D since 14 Bad habits, _ formed, are difficult to get rid of. A and B once C or D but,15 You must get up early in the morning, _ well have to start out without you. A and B or C but D so that 16 Would you please wait _ I come back. A if B when C because Dtill,17 He couldnt come _ he wanted to. A
19、as B because C although Dfor 18 _ you gave a party and no one come, what would you do? A Although B If C Unless DWhen,19 You may borrow the book _ you keep it clean. A as long as B when C after D unless 20. John plays football _ , if not better than, David. A as well B as well as C so well D so well
20、 as,(三)状语从句中考真题,1. its difficult to make her dream come true, she never gives up. A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If 2. Its quite common in Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers people get off the bus. A.After B. since C. until D. when 3. Your dream wont come true you know what your dream is.
21、A.After B. unless C. while D. since,4. -How was your climbing on Mount Tai? -I didnt believe I could do it I got to the top. A. until B. unless C.After D. when 5. I arrived at the airport the plane had taken off. A.After B. while C. when D. before 6. the water was cold, Wei Qinggang jumped into it t
22、o save others. A.Although B. When C. If D. Because,7. We wont start the meeting our teacher arrives. A. though B. until C. while D. or 8. We will have no water to drink we dont protect the earth. A. until B. before C. though D. if 9. Jane, please turn off the lights you leave the classroom. A.After
23、B. before C. until D. but,10. We have to get up at 7:15 tomorrow morning, _we will be late for the 7:40 train. A. before B. or C. if D. so 11. My grandfather is very old, he never stops learning. A. than B. though C. but D. unless 12. -Where was your brother at this time last night? -He was writing
24、an e-mail I was watching TV at home. A.As soon as B.After C. until D. while 13. Ill park the car at Pacific Place, the car park there is full. A. unless B. if C. when D.After,14. they arrived early at the airport, they nearly missed their fight. A .If B. Because C.As soon as D.Although 15. We have b
25、een good friends we joined the same ping-pong team. A.After B. before C. since D. until 16. Bill, you have finished your homework, lets go to fly kites now. A. though B.After C. before D. since,(三)状语从句中考真题 1.A.考点分析:though引导让步状语从句，“虽然”，不与but连用，意思可表示 “虽然但是”，故不与转折意思的关系词连用，并且一般置于句首。 2.D.考点分析:when引导时间状语从
26、句，一般与过去的时间状语连用，“当的时候”， 3.B.考点分析:unless “除非”， 除非你知道自己的梦想是什么，否则你的梦想将不会实现。 4.C.考点分析:or “否则”，汤姆，远离火，否则你将被烧伤。 5.A.考点分析:not.until“直到才”，直到我到山顶，我才相信我能够爬到山顶，否则我是不相信的。 6.B.考点分析:or “否则”，小心，否则你将在考试中犯错误。 7.A.考点分析:After“以后”，与过去时间状语连用.我到飞机场的时候，飞机已经起飞了。 8.A.考点分析:Although引导让步状语从句，表示虽然但是，不与but连用。 9.D.考点分析:你愿意和我一起去参加音
27、乐会吗？我想去，但恐怕没有时间。由句意可知前后是转折关系。 10.B.考点分析:直到老师到了我们才会开始开会。Not .until.直到才 11.D.考点分析:如果我们不保护地球，我将没有水喝。If如果。 12.B.考点分析:钱是重要的，但它并不能买到一切。前后句子之间存在着转折关系，要用but. 13.B.考点分析:Jane, 离开教室前请关灯。Before在之前。,14.D.考点分析:我认为你叔叔的确不喜欢看电视连续剧。是的，但他仍然看这部剧。此处表示转折，用but. 15.C.考点分析:你和你弟弟有一人可以加入我们的队伍，因为我们只想要你们中的一个人。either.nor表示两者中的任何
28、一个，表示肯定。 16.B.考点分析:钱很重要，但它不是最重要的东西。前后是转折关系。 17.B.考点分析:明早我们必须7：15起床，不然就赶不上7：40的火车了。 18.C.考点分析:虽然我爷爷很老了，但是他从来没有停止过学习。“very old.never stops learning”表示转折关系，用but. 19.D.考点分析:昨天晚上的这个时候你弟弟在哪里啊？ 他正在写邮件，而我正在家里看电视。While表对比转折。 20.A.考点分析:除非那里的停车场都满了，否则我就把车停在“太平洋地区”。 21.B.考点分析:这些孩子们写的故事书太差了。它们既无趣又不刺激。Neither.nor.两者中的任何一个都不。 22.D.考点分析:尽管它们很早就到了机场，但还是差一点错过飞机。although虽然，尽管。 23.C.考点分析:自从加入了同一个兵乓球队我们就一直是好朋友。本题是现在完成时，含有since的主句通常用现在完成时，since后接一个一般过去时的句子或一个过去的时间点。 24.B.考点分析:或者莉莉或者我可以跟你去，因为其中有一个人要在家帮爸爸干花园里的活。 25.D.考点分析:比尔，既然你已经完成作业，现在咱们去.since 自从，因为，既然。,