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1、.机械设计基础常用单词中英文对照 - common words in Basis of Mechanical Designing一画1.V带 V belt2.力 force3.力矩moment4.工作载荷serving load5.干摩擦dry friction6.飞轮 flier, flywheel7.内圈 inner ring8切向键 tangential key9.切应力 tangential stress10.切削 cutting11.双头螺柱stud 12.尺寸 dimension13.尺寸公差 dimensional tolerance14.计算载荷calculating load
2、15.主动轴 drive shaft16.凸轮 cam17.加工 working18.半圆键 half round key19.外圈 outer ring.20.失效 failure21.尼龙 nylon22.平键 flat key23.打滑slippage24.正火 normalizing treatment25.正应力 normal stress26.优化设计 optimum design27.冲压 punching28.动平衡 dynamic balance29动载荷 moving load30.压力 pressure31.压应力 compressive stress32压强 press
3、ure intensity33.压缩 compress34.压缩应力compressive stress35.合金钢 alloy steel36.向心轴承 centripetal stress37.向心推力轴承 centripetal thrust bearing38.导向键 guide key39.导轨 guide track40当量动载荷 equivalent dynamic load41.曲柄crank42.曲轴 crank axle43.曲率半径 curvature radius44.有色金属 non ferrous metal45.机构 mechanism46.机架 framewor
4、k47.机座 machine base48.机械 machine49.机械加工 mechanical working50.机械零件 machine element51.机器 machine52.灰铸铁 gray cast iron53.自锁self locking54.行星轮系 planetary gear train55.许用应力 allowable stress56.防松 locking57.刨削 planning58.寿命 life59.应力 stress60.应力集中 stress concentration61.应变strain62.扭转 torsion63扭转角 angle of
5、torsion64.抗压强度 compression strength65抗拉强度 tensile strength66.抗弯强度 bending strength67.材料 material68.极限应力 limit stress69.极惯性矩 polar moment of inertial70.花键 spline71.连杆connecting rod72.周转轮系 epicyclic gear train73.屈服强度yield strength74.底板 base plate75.底座 underframe76.径向力 radial force77.径向当量动载荷 radial equ
6、ivalent dynamic load78.径向轴承journal bearing79.径向基本额定动载荷 radial elementary rated life80.性能 performance81.承载量load carrying capacity82.拉力 pulling force83.拉伸 tension84.拉伸应力tensile stress85.油膜 oil film86.泊松比 Poissons ratio87.直径 diameter88.空心轴 hollow axle89.空气轴承air bearing90表面处理 surface treatment91.表面淬火 su
7、rface quenching92转矩torque93.金属材料 metallic material94.青铜合金 bronze alloy95.非金属材料 non metallic material96.齿轮 gear97.齿轮模数 module of gear teeth98.齿数 tooth number99.保持架 holding frame 100.变应力 dynamic stress101.变形 deflection, deformation102.变载荷 dynamic load103.轮系 gear train104.垫片 shim105.垫圈 washer106.复合材料 c
8、omposite material107.带传动belt driving108.弯曲 bend109.弯曲应力 bending stress110.弯曲强度 bending strength111.弯矩 bending moment112.挡圈 retaining ring113.残余应力 residual stress114.残余变形 residual deformation115.点蚀 pitting116.相对运动 relative motion117.相对滑动 relative sliding118.相对滚动 relative rolling motion119.矩形花键 square
9、 key120.结构 structure121.结构设计 structural design121.结构钢 structural steel122.耐磨性 wearing quality123.脉动循环应力 repeated stress124.轴 shaft125.轴瓦 bushing126.轴向力 axial force127.轴向当量动载荷 axial equivalent dynamic load128.轴向基本额定动载荷 axial elementary rated life129.轴承 bearing130.轴承合金 bearing metal131.轴承油沟 grooves in
10、 bearing132.轴承衬 bearing bush133.轴承座 bearing block134.轴承盖 bearing cap135.轴环 axle ring136.轴肩 shaft neck137.轴套 shaft sleeve138.退刀槽 tool escape139.钢材 steel140.钩头楔键 gib head key150.钩头螺栓 gib head bolt151.挺杆 tappet, tapper152.圆柱销 cylindrical pin153.圆锥销 cone pin154.圆螺母 circular nut155.流体动力润滑hydrodynamic lub
11、rication156.流体静力润滑hydrostatic lubrication157.润滑 lubrication158.润滑油膜 lubricant film159.热处理 heat treatment160.热平衡heat balance161.疲劳 fatigue162.疲劳失效 fatigue failure163.疲劳寿命 fatigue Life164.疲劳强度 fatigue strength165.疲劳裂纹 fatigue cracking166.离合器 clutch167.紧定螺钉 tightening screw168.胶合 seizing of teeth169.能量
12、 energy170.脆性材料 brittle material171.调质钢 quenched and tempered steel172.载荷 load173.载荷谱load spectrum174.通用零件 universal element175.速度 velocity176.部件 parts177.铆接 riveting178.陶瓷 ceramics179.预紧pretighten180.高速传动轴 high speed drive shaft181.偏心载荷 eccentric load182.偏转角 deflection angle183.减速器 reductor184.剪切应力
13、 shearing stress185.剪切应力shear stress186.基本额定动载荷 elementary rated dynamic load187.基本额定寿命 elementary rated life188.密封 seal189.密度 density190.弹性变形 elastic deformation191.弹性流体动力润滑elastohydrodynamic lubrication192.弹性啮合elastic engagement193.弹性滑动elastic slippage194.弹性模量 modulus of elasticity195.弹簧spring196.
14、弹簧垫圈 spring washer197.惯性力 inertial force198.惯性矩 moment of inertia199.接触应力 contact stress200.接触角 Contact Angle201.推力轴承 thrust bearing202.断裂 break203.液压 hydraulic pressure204.混合润滑mixed lubrication205.渐开线花键 involute spline206.焊接 welding207.球形阀 globe valve208.球墨铸铁 nodular cast iron209.粗糙度 roughness210.铜
15、合金 copper alloy211.铝合金 aluminum alloy212.铰链 hinge213.黄铜 brass214.剩余预紧力residual initial tightening load215.喷丸 sand blast216.强度 strength217.强度极限ultimate strength218.最小油膜厚度minimum film thickness219.棘轮传动 ratchet wheel220.滑动轴承 sliding bearing221.滑块 slide block222.滑键 slide key223硬度 hardness224.联轴器 couplin
16、g225.装配 assembly226.铸件 casting227.铸钢 cast steel228.铸造 cast229.铸铁 cast iron230.铸铝 cast aluminum231.链chain 232.链轮 chain wheel233.销 pin234.销钉联接 pin connection235.塑性材料ductile material236.塑性变形 plastic deformation237.塑料 plastics238.摇杆 rocker239.楔键 wedge key240.滚动体Rolling Body 241.滚动轴承 rolling bearing242.滚
17、压 rolling243.滚珠丝杆 ball leading screw244.锡青铜 tin bronze245.锥形阀 cone valve246.键 key247.键槽 keyways248.碳化 carbonization249.碳素钢 carbon steel250.稳定性 stability251.腐蚀 corrosion252.锻件 forged piece253.锻钢 forged steel254.锻造 forging255.静压轴承hydrostatic bearing256.静应力 steady stress257.静载荷应力static loadstress258.摩擦
18、friction259.摩擦力 friction force260.摩擦功 friction work261.摩擦系数friction coefficient262.摩擦角friction angle263.摩擦学tribology264.槽轮 sheave wheel265.橡胶rubber266.箱体box267.磨削 grinding268.磨损 wear269.磨损过程wear process270.螺母 nut271.螺纹screw272.螺纹threads273.螺纹联接threaded and coupled274.螺钉pitch275.螺栓 bolt276.螺栓联接 bolti
19、ng277.螺旋传动 screw-driven 机械设计名词术语中英对照机械设计名词术语中英文对照表Chinese English阿基米德蜗杆 Archimedes worm安全系数 safety factor; factor of safety安全载荷 safe load凹面、凹度 concavity扳手 wrench 板簧 flat leaf spring 半圆键 woodruff key变形 deformation摆杆 oscillating bar摆动从动件 oscillating follower摆动从动件凸轮机构 cam with oscillating follower摆动导杆机
20、构 oscillating guide-bar mechanism摆线齿轮 cycloidal gear摆线齿形 cycloidal tooth profile摆线运动规律 cycloidal motion摆线针轮 cycloidal-pin wheel包角 angle of contact保持架 cage背对背安装 back-to-back arrangement背锥 back cone ； normal cone背锥角 back angle背锥距 back cone distance比例尺 scale比热容 specific heat capacity闭式链 closed kinemati
21、c chain闭链机构 closed chain mechanism臂部 arm变频器 frequency converters变频调速 frequency control of motor speed变速 speed change变速齿轮 change gear ; change wheel变位齿轮 modified gear变位系数 modification coefficient标准齿轮 standard gear标准直齿轮 standard spur gear表面质量系数 superficial mass factor表面传热系数 surface coefficient of heat
22、 transfer表面粗糙度 surface roughness并联式组合 combination in parallel并联机构 parallel mechanism并联组合机构 parallel combined mechanism并行工程 concurrent engineering并行设计 concurred design, CD不平衡相位 phase angle of unbalance不平衡 imbalance (or unbalance)不平衡量 amount of unbalance不完全齿轮机构 intermittent gearing波发生器 wave generator波
23、数 number of waves补偿 compensation参数化设计 parameterization design, PD残余应力 residual stress操纵及控制装置 operation control device槽轮 Geneva wheel槽轮机构 Geneva mechanism ； Maltese cross槽数 Geneva numerate槽凸轮 groove cam侧隙 backlash差动轮系 differential gear train差动螺旋机构 differential screw mechanism差速器 differential常用机构 conv
24、entional mechanism; mechanism in common use车床 lathe承载量系数 bearing capacity factor承载能力 bearing capacity成对安装 paired mounting尺寸系列 dimension series齿槽 tooth space齿槽宽 spacewidth齿侧间隙 backlash齿顶高 addendum齿顶圆 addendum circle齿根高 dedendum机械设计基础常用单词中英文对照寿命 life应力 stress应力集中 stress concentration应变strain扭转 torsion
25、扭转角 angle of torsion抗压强度 compression strength抗拉强度 tensile strength抗弯强度 bending strength材料 material极限应力 limit stress极惯性矩 polar moment of inertial花键 spline连杆 connecting rod周转轮系 epicyclic gear train屈服强度yield strength底板 base plate底座 underframe径向力 radial force径向当量动载荷 radial equivalent dynamic load径向轴承jou
26、rnal bearing径向基本额定动载荷 radial elementary rated life性能 performance承载量load carrying capacity拉力 pulling force拉伸 tension拉伸应力tensile stress油膜 oil film泊松比 Poissons ratio直径 diameter空心轴 hollow axle空气轴承air bearing表面处理 surface treatment表面淬火 surface quenching转矩torque金属材料 metallic material青铜合金 bronze alloy非金属材料 non metallic material齿轮 gear齿轮模数 module of gear teeth齿数 tooth number保持架 holding frame变应力 dynamic stress变形 deflection, deformation变载荷 dynamic load精品