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1、中考英语阅读理解知识点总结和题型总结经典1一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1阅读理解Scrapbooking is a hobby. It was popular for more than 500 years. People called it a friendship book. They kept pictures, letters, poems and other things they wanted to remember.Today people collect many things in scrapbooks. Some people have funny collect
2、ions, like the worlds most awkward ideas or pictures of the worlds most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weather.It is easy to get started. First, you should decide what you want to collect. Start with just one idea. Next, you will need a book with background paper, scissors
3、 and glue. You need the scissors to cut out the pictures or stories. You need the glue to stick them to the background paper.You can be busy and collect many things or lazy and collect few things. Itll be lots of fun to make your scrapbook and you can share it with your friends.（ 1） How long was scr
4、apbooking popular?A. less than 500 yearsB. 500 yearsC. over 500 yearsD. more than 550 years（ 2） What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word awkward?A. 聪明的B. 愚蠢的C. 美妙的D. 残疾的（ 3） How many items （物品） are mentioned to make a scrapbook?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.（ 4） To make a scrapbook, what
5、do you need first?A. Glue.B. Scissors.C. A book.D. An idea.（ 5） Whats the best title of the passage?A. ScrapbookingB. The History of ScrapbookingC. What Is a Scrapbook?D. How to make a Scrapbook【答案】 （ 1） C（2） B（3） C（4） D（5） A【解析】 【分析】本文介绍了剪粘书的通途，可以保存照片、信件、诗歌和其他他们想记住的东西。（ 1）细节题。根It was popular for mo
6、re than 500 years可知它流行了500 多年，故选C。（ 2）词义猜测题。根据 pictures of the worlds most ugly dogs. Other people may collect stories about the bad weather 世界上最丑陋的狗的照片。其他人可能会收集坏天气的故事可知 awkward 指愚蠢的，故选 B。（ 3）细节题。根据you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue你需要一本背景纸、剪刀和胶水的书可知3 种物品被提到制作剪贴簿，故选C。（ 4）细
7、节题。根据 First, you should decide what you want to collect. 可知要制作剪贴簿，你首先需要，故选 D。（ 5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了剪粘书的通途，可知Scrapbooking 适合做标题，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2根据短文内容出选择正确答案。BDo you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing
8、for no reason at all. Thats howthousands of people start their day at Laughter （笑声）Clubs around the world and manydoctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. Youngchildren
9、 laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day, says Dr. Kataria. Everyone is naturally good at laughing-its the universal language. We want people tofeel happy with their lives. There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world.Many doctors are
10、 also interested in the effects（效果） of laughter on our health. Accordingto a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nea
11、rest club in South London to findout. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest, I wasnt interested in laughingwith a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us toclap our hands and say“ ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” while looking at each ot
12、her. However, our bodiescant tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, so they still produce the samehealthy effects.Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real andsome people just couldnt stop! At the end of the class I was surprised b
13、y how relaxed-andcomfortable I felt. So if youre under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!（ 1） The first Laughter Club was started in _.A. IndiaB. AmericaC. BritainD. China（ 2） How many Laughter Clubs are there in the world today?A. Over 300.B. Over 500.C. Over 8
14、00.D. Over l,300.（ 3） How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class?A. Surprised.B. PleasedC. Nervous.（4） When did the people in the club begin to laugh for real?D. Tired.A. After ten minutes.B. After ten hours.C. After ten seconds.D. After ten days.（ 5） The article mainly tells us _.A. youn
15、g children laugh much more often than adults in a dayB. laughing is one of the best ways to stay healthyC. many-doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our healthD. real laughter and unreal laughter are both good for health【答案】 （ 1） A（ 2） D（ 3） C（ 4） A（ 5） B【解析】 【分析】你想过一个快乐的 ,没有压力的
16、生活 ?尝试毫无理由的大笑？全世界每天有成千上万的人在笑声俱乐部开始他们的一天。医生认为开怀大笑是最好的保健方式。（ 1）细节理解。根据第二段 The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by（ 2）细节理解。根据第二段 There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and overl,300 in the world. 可知选 D。（3）细节理解。根据第四段I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class可
17、知作者开始紧张。故选C。（ 4）细节理解。根据最后一段Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in theroom was laughing for real and some people just couldnt stop! 可知 10 分钟后房间里的人都是在真笑。故选 A。（ 5）主旨大意。本文讲笑声俱乐部给人们的生活带来的变化，通过大笑来减少压力，过更快乐更健康的生活。故选 B。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。3根据短文内容选择正确答案。AThe 201
18、4 FI FA World Cup, the twentieth World Cup football match, was held in Brazil from June 12th, 2014 to July 13th, 2014. Thirty-two teams from different countries brought us sixty-four wonderful games during the World Cup. This is the second time the World Cup is held in this country and the fifth in
19、South America. Thousands of football fans watched the games.A Bite of China（舌尖上的中国） , a mouth-wateringdocumentaryTVprogram featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people. The program has become very popular since it was shown on TV.The documentaryprovides not only Chinese
20、delicious food but also therelationships between people and food.“ We made this documentary withour respect and love for food. I hope it will help people learn more aboutChinese food as well as Chinese culture.” said the director Mr. Chen.Lu Jialei, a school girl from Hangzhou, China, won the champi
21、onship of thefirst Chinese Character Dictation Contest , which made her become famousovernight. Lu is a hard- working girl and always comes top at school.“ I likereading and I m crazy about learning Chinese characters. I enjoycontesttheand hope more and more people become interested in learning Chin
22、esecharacters.” said Lu Jialei after winning the contest.（ 1） How long did the 2014 FIFA World Cup last?A. About a week.B. About two weeksC. About a month.D. About two months.（ 2） Which is NOT true according to the articles?A. Lu Jialei always gets good grades at school.B. The World Cup has been hel
23、d in South America twice.C. Many people like watching the TV program A Bite of China.D. Lu Jialei hopes more people ca n take much interest in Chinese characters.（ 3） Where may the articles probably come from?A. A story book.B. A science report.C. A sports magazine.D. The Internet.【答案】 （ 1） C（ 2） B（
24、 3） D【解析】 【分析】这篇短文给我们介绍了三段不同内容的短文。第一段是关于今年夏天将在巴西举行的足球世界杯；第二段是关于舌尖上的中国这个电视节目；第三段是关于第一届汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。（ 1）细节理解题。根据短文的第一段中the twentieth World Cup football match, will be heldin Brazil from June 12 th , 2014 to July 13 th, 2014. 可知，第 20届世界杯足球赛将于2014 年 6 月12 号到 7 月 13 号在巴西举行，时间是持续一个月。故选C。（ 2）推理判断题。根据 Lu is
25、 a hard-working girl and always comes top at school. 可知 A 的说法是对的；根据A Bite ofChina（舌尖上的中国）, a mouth-wateringdocumentaryTVprogram featuring delicious Chinese food, has interested a large number of people.可知 C 的说法也符合文意；根据enjoy the contest and hope more and more people become interested inlearning Chine
26、se characters 可知 D 也是符合文意的；根据 This is the second time the WorldCup is held in this country and the fifth in South America.可知，这是世界杯足球赛第五次在南美洲国家举行，故B 不对。选B。（ 3）主旨大意题。这篇短文中给我们介绍了三个不同的内容，第一段是关于今年的世界杯足球比赛将在巴西举行；第二个是关于舌尖上的中国这个节目；第三个是关于汉字听写大赛的冠军卢佳磊。这样的一篇短文应该来源于网上。故选D。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键
27、词，在文章中寻找答案。4阅读理解Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry （工业） . In the past, when most Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Usually, uncles and aunts lived near
28、by.But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot move from place to place as smaller families. So, at presen
29、t people tend to have smaller families.In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take
30、 raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other peoples children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.（ 1） Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?A. The development of science and industry in America.B. The influence of science and
31、 industry on American families.C. Harmful effect of industrialization.D. Social problems resulting from the highly-developed science and industry in America.（ 2） What kinds of families are described in the passage?A. Families of the past and the present.B. Families of the present and the future.C. F
32、amilies of the past and the future.D. Families of the past, the present and the future.（ 3） What is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America? A. Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.B. People stop caring for children.C. The need for workers w
33、ho are able to move at any time has been increasing.D. Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.（ 4） What can you infer from the passage?A. Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split （破裂） .B. Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.C. Large families
34、 can hardly survive in modern society.D. Americans are very choosy about their jobs.【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） D（ 3） C（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：由于工业的发展，家庭也受到了影响，原来的家庭孩子多，而现在的家庭孩子少，由于工业的发展家庭会总是搬动，有的家庭只有一个孩子或者没有孩子。（ 1）细节理解题，根据Great changes have taken place in family life because ofscience and industry（工业） . 可知家庭受到了科学和
35、工业发展的影响，故答案是B。（ 2）细节理解题，根据文章内容可知，短文涉及到了过去的家庭，现在的家庭和将来的家庭，故答案是 D。（ 3）细节理解题，根据 In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will berequired to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller.可知对于工人们能够随时搬动的需求，所以家庭变得原来越小，故答案是C。（ 4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，工人们可能会随时要搬家，大的家庭就没有这样的便捷，
36、所以大家庭就不适于生存在现代的社会，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，由已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。5阅读理解When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.At the age of 9, his father married his stepmother. At that time they lived poorly in the countryside while his stepmother was from a wealthy family.His
37、 father introduced Hill to his stepmother as he said, Dear, I hope you notice in the entire shire this is the worst boy, who has made me have no other way. Maybe before tomorrow morning he will throw a stone at you, or do a bad thing you will never imagine.To Hills surprise, his stepmother went up t
38、o him with a smile, held up his head and looked at him carefully. She then turned around to tell her husband, Youre wrong. He is not the worst boy in the entire shire, but the cleverest and most creative boy. Only he doesnt find a place to show himself.His stepmothers words warmed his heart, his eye
39、s full of tears. With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother. And this became the drive of his life, making him create 28 successful golden rules, which helped tens of thousands of ordinary people walk on the road to success.Before his stepmother came, no one praised him smart, and
40、 his father and neighbours considered him as a bad boy. However, his stepmothers words changed his life.When Hill was 14 years old, his stepmother bought him a used typewriter and said to him, I believe you will become a writer. Hill accepted his stepmothers gift and expectation, and started writing
41、 things to a local newspaper. He understood his stepmothers strong feeling of interest in his family while he saw with his own eyes she had changed his family. Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.The strength from his stepmother made him a rich man and famous writer in the United S
42、tates and one of the most important persons in the 20th century.Praise will never be unnecessary, especially for children. A sincere （真诚的） praise may be better than 10, 000 bad words.（ 1） What did people think of Hill before the age of nine?A. Clever.B. Creative.C. Unfriendly.（2） Hill started making
43、 friends with his stepmother after she.A. smiled at himB. looked at him carefullyC. said good words about himD. said bad words about himD. Foolish.（ 3） Which of the following is WRONG about Hill?A. He accepted his stepmothers typewriter.B. He failed to do as he was expected.C. He started writing to
44、a local newspaper.D. He understood his stepmother.（4） The passage was written mainly to tell us that.A. children should be praisedB. Hills father married againC. Hills stepmother was kind to himD. Hills father was cruel to him【答案】 （ 1） C（2） C（3） B（4） A【解析】 【分析】文章大意：小时候，希尔是一个坏孩子，当他九岁时，父亲娶了继母，父亲告诉吉姆他是
45、个坏孩子，但是继母说他不会，而是个聪明的孩子，从此他跟继母的关系变的越来越好。在继母的关爱下成为美国著名的作家。（ 1）细节理解题，根据When he was small, Hill was a famous bad boy.可知，希尔九岁前是个出了名的坏孩子，故答案是C。（ 2）细节理解题，根据 His stepmothers words warmed his heart, his eyes full of tears.With this, he started building friendship with his stepmother.可知，在继母说了他的好话后，他开始跟继母交朋友，故答案是C。（ 3）正误判断题，根据Therefore, he would do as well as she expected him to.可知他跟继母期盼的做的一样好，因此B 的陈述是错误的，故答案是B。（ 4）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，继母的表扬让他发生了很大的变化，因此可知，孩子们是需要表扬的，故答案是A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、正误判断题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。6阅读理解Bl