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1、第九章颅脑损伤（The ninth chapter traumatic brain injury）The ninth chapter, head injury,.Txt marriage is like wearing a cotton padded jacket for free, it is not convenient, but it will be very warm. Falling in love is like peeling onions. Theres always a layer of tears going on. The ninth chapter is I. brai
2、n injury (40 questions, 0 points)1. (0 points) closed craniocerebral trauma, the most common cause of acute brain compression isA. skull base fractureB. contusion and laceration of brainC. intracranial hematomaD. subarachnoid hemorrhageE. pulmonary complicationsThe most reliable early clinical manif
3、estation of acute brain compression after 2. (0) traumatic brain injury isA. headache, vomiting, progressive sexual disturbanceB. positioning signC. seizuresD. abnormal changes in blood pressure, pulse and breathingE. pupils differ in their pupils3. (0 points) is an important basis for the diagnosis
4、 of concussionA. scalp contusionB. skull fractureC. headache, dizziness, nausea and vomitingD. vital signs changeE. transient coma and retrograde amnesia4. (0 points) should be the principle of the treatment of skull fractureA. smash depressed fracture, puncture dura, need seasonable debridementB. l
5、inear fracture itself does not require surgical treatment, but it should be noted that intracranial hematoma is complicatedC. infants with depressed fractures must be treated earlyD. should be aware of massive hemorrhage when the fracture of venous sinus area is depressedE. fracture of temporal bone
6、 complicated with epidural hematoma should be treated by operation5. (0 points) the main reason for the formation of cerebral hernia is intracranial hypertension:A. brain edema and enlargement of brain tissue volumeB. intracranial pressure gradient changeC. cerebrospinal fluid circulatory obstructio
7、nD. diffuse intracranial hypertensionE. brain stem edema6. (0) patients with acute craniocerebral injury following treatment of restless anxiety, which is not appropriateA. injection, valium and sedationB. is bound to protectC. looking for reasons for restlessnessD. injection morphine analgesiaE. in
8、put water reducerThe most common site of head injury was 7. (0 points)A. parietal lobeB. occipital lobeC. top occipital partD. frontotemporalE. cerebellum8. (0 points) traumatic hematoma of cranial bone vest showedA. hematomas are usually small or largeB. hematoma is located in the lower layer of ca
9、p and aponeurosisC. the blood in the hematoma comes from the venous sinusD. haematoma is hard, and medium face is sunkenE. hematoma is often confined within the skull9. (0) of cerebellar tentorial herniation is characterized by:A. lesion ipsilateral limb paralysisB. lesions were ipsilateral to the u
10、pper limb and contralateral to the lower extremityC. lesion contralateral limb paralysisD. D. lesion ipsilateral limb paralysisE. limb paralysisThe typical clinical manifestation of acute epidural hematoma on tentorium cerebelli is 10. (0)A. carries on sexual consciousness obstacle: blood pressure r
11、ises, the pulse is slow, the pupil is not bigB. suffer from side lobe mydriasis, disturbance of consciousness, slow breathing, rapid pulse, and rising blood pressureC. presented localization sign, pupil inequality, consciousness disorderD. bilateral mydriasis at the same time slowed heart rate and d
12、ecreased blood pressureE. disturbance of consciousness - brain rigidity - apnea11. (0 points) are the key measures to prevent open wound and intracranial infection in open craniocerebral injuryA. closely observed changes in the conditionB. applies broad-spectrum antibioticsC. physiotherapy improves
13、local blood circulationD. early debridementE. strengthens nutrition and increases wound healing ability12. (0) after skull base fracture, the commonnest in cranial nerve injury isA. optic nerveB. olfactory nerveFacial nerve of C.D. trigeminal nerveE. deglutition, vagus nerveThe most common cause of
14、acute epidural hematoma in 13. (0 points) isA. skull diploic vein hemorrhageB. middle cerebral artery hemorrhageC. ruptured middle meningeal arteryD. venous sinus failureE.Vascular damage of cerebral cortex14. (0 points) open craniocerebral injury refers toA. rupture of scalp and linear fracture of
15、skullB. rupture of scalp and comminuted fracture of skullC. scalp fracture and depressed skull fractureD. skull fracture and rupture of dura materE. the scalp, skull and dura mater were rupturedThe most reliable basis for diagnosing skull base fracture is 15. (0 points)A. EEGB. cranial X light photo
16、graphsC. clinical manifestationD. head trauma historyMidline wave migration of E. head ultrasoundThe mechanism of mydriasis in tentorial herniation is 16. (0):A. oculomotor nucleus injuryB. mydriasisC. C. the oculomotor nerve is oppressedD. D. sympathetic nerve stimulationE. brain stem is oppressed1
17、7. (0 points) the hematoma of the cap is oftenA. is rather limitedB. is broad and hardC. around soft, central hardD. is broad and dynamicE. confined to a skull range18. (0 points) the most important measure to rescue the patients with intracranial hematoma isA. puncture the ventricles and release ce
18、rebrospinal fluidB. rapid blood transfusionC. intravenous rapid infusion mannitolD. immediately tracheotomyE. performs the operation promptly to clear the hematoma and stop bleeding19. (0) a brief loss of consciousness, complete with scalp after head trauma, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, which of
19、the following most correct opinionsA. does not suffer from acute brain compressionB. should be operated immediately to repair the leaky tractC. in open traumatic brain injuryD. doesnt have concussionsE. cranial X ray film can confirm the diagnosis20. (0 points) slow congestion of the mastoid region
20、of the mastoid region (Battle sign) will indicate which of the following cases?A. pressure increases on the screenB. fracture of middle cranial fossaC. brain lacerationD. skull base fractureE. plate fracture21. (0 points) the treatment of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the treatment of intracranial
21、floor fractures is:A. immediately blocks the external auditory canal and heals itB. gives the town a pain killing drugC. Kiyoharu ear canal, not plugging earD. D. bed rest, head downE. cranial X-ray looking for fracture line22. (0 points) the three major complication of increased intracranial pressu
22、re isA. headaches, vomiting, and hard neckB. headaches, nausea, seizuresC. headache, vomiting, optic disc edemaD., D., coma, convulsions, high feverE. headache, vomiting, hemiplegia23. (0 points) the most important treatment principle in debridement of open craniocerebral trauma isRemoval of intracr
23、anial metallic foreign body by A.B. fully trimmed wound skinC. tightly suture or repair dura materD. should have broad-spectrum antibiotics in timeE. subcutaneous drainage strips are placed subcutaneouslyThe most common complication in 24. (0) of patients with moderate or severe head injuries isA. b
24、edsoreB. pneumoniaC. urinary tract infectionD. digestive tract bleedingE. corneal ulcerThe typical CT scan of acute epidural hematoma (0 points) is 25.A. wedge low density areaB. diamond high density areaC. patchy hybrid density regionD. globular low density regionThe area of high density E. half mo
25、on26. (0 points) is the best way to treat large cap subperiosteal hematomaA. to be absorbed by itselfThe B. was bandaged with a hemostatic agentC. puncture blood to prevent infectionD. incision and drainage to prevent infectionE. puncture blood, external pressure bandage, to prevent infection27. (0
26、points) acute traumatic intracranial hematoma, the right pupil has been scattered, the rescue process should be the firstA. head CT scan, the location of hematomaB. 20% mannitol 250ml rapid intravenous infusionC. drilling exploration, looking for hematomaD. emergency decompression of right temporali
27、s muscleE. quick puncture right ventricle forehead, ventricular fluid drainageThe characteristic feature of brainstem injury in 28. (0 points) isA. deep comaB. pupils differ in their pupilsC. central hyperthermiaD. dysfunction of lifeE. went to the brain for rigidity29. (0 points) the typical change
28、 in consciousness of acute epidural hematoma is:A. continued comaB. coma coma sober comaC. no coma after injuryD. D. coma when shallow, deepE. coma, coma, sober, no coma30. (0 points) the fatal effect of traumatic intracranial hematoma isA. CSF circulation is blockedB. diffuse brain edemaC. acute br
29、ain compression, one cerebral hernia, one brain crisisD. subarachnoid hemorrhageE. respiratory tract infection31. (0 points) which cranial nerve is the easiest to fracture in the middle cranial fossa fracture?A. oculomotor nerveB. optic nerveC. vagus nerveFacial nerve of D.E. olfactory nerve32. (0)
30、significantly increased intracranial pressure after craniocerebral trauma patients clinically suspected intracranial hematoma, at which one of the following treatments should not be usedA. endotracheal intubation, hyperventilation, respirationB. closed controlled continuous ventricular drainageC. hi
31、bernation, hypothermia, and barbiturate therapyD. release bcsf lumbar decompressionE. dehydration and hormone therapy33. (0 points), the best treatment for head injury accompanied by airway obstruction and dyspnea isA. oxygen attracts peopleB. respiratory stimulantC. tracheal intubationD. intracrani
32、al pressure lowering drugE. tracheotomy34. (0) of closed skull fracture diagnosis mainly depends on theA. has swelling of the scalpB. showed signs of nerve compressionC. palpation has local depressionD. X-ray plain filmE. palpable bone fricative35. (0 points) is the most common drug used to treat in
33、tracranial hypertension:A. 50% glucoseB. 20% mannitolC. 20% sorbitolD. 50% glycerin salt waterE. dexamethasoneThe main treatment principle of open skull fracture in 36. (0 points) is:A. debridement from inside to outside by layer by layerB. use antibiotics to prevent infectionC. open lumbar puncture
34、 for infectionD. D. is given a hemostatic agent to prevent intracranial hemorrhageE. cranial fixation37. (0) after head trauma, fluctuations from the scalp are often due toA. subcutaneous hematomaB. cap subperiosteal hematomaC. hematoma of bone and clothingD. subcutaneous hydropsE. subcutaneous empy
35、ema38. (0 points) observation of patients with craniocerebral injury, which of the following is of guiding significance in determining the surgical approach?A. bilateral mydriasisB. remain unconsciousC. has hemiplegia in the early stageD.s sign is positiveThe pupil of one side of E. was dilated and
36、the light response disappeared39. (0 points) all round head cap like aponeurosis haematoma, the first treatment measure isA. pressure bandaging, intravenous infusion of hemostatic drugsB. puncture blood, intravenous drip of hemostatic drugsC. incision, drainage and compression bandagingD. puncture,
37、blood drawing and pressure bandagingE. to be absorbed by itself, intravenous drip of hemostatic drugs40. (0 points) hibernation cooling therapy applies toA. open craniocerebral injuryB. intracranial hematomaC. severe brain contusion and brain stem injuryD. traumatic epilepsyE. skull base fractureII.
38、 judgment questions (1 questions, 0 points)1. (0 points) primary brain injury refers to an immediate brain injury that occurs when the head acts violently. Secondary brain injury is a lesion of the brain that occurs after a certain period of injury. Please judge the correct mistakeIII. fill in the b
39、lanks (2 questions, 0 points)1. (0) according to the injury of brain tissue is communicated with the outside or not, the brain tissue will be divided into a and B.answer the question2. (0) of skull fracture according to the fracture site is divided into a and B according to the fracture morphology o
40、f fracture; fracture - and -.answer the questionIV. questions and answers (1 questions, 0 points)1. (0 points) what are the indications for depressed fracture of the skull?answer the questionV. noun explanation (8 questions, 0 points)Explanation of nouns1. (0 points) panda eye signanswer the questio
41、n2. (0 points) what are the common surgical procedures for craniocerebral injuries?answer the questionWhat is the treatment principle of 3. (0) skull base fracture?answer the questionDiffuse axonal injury, 4. (0)answer the questionWhat is the clinical feature of primary brain stem injury in 5. (0)?answer the question6. (0 points) intermediate waking periodanswer the question7. (0 points) Xiong Maoyananswer the question8. (0 points) Battle signanswer the question