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1、Earthquake Kills Hundreads,Passive Voice 被动语态,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them
2、 in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,语态：表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。 英语有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。,主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。 如： Many students study English.(主动语态) English is studied by many students. (被动语态),语态,英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cat
3、s.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。,知识点,by many students.,1.Many students study English.,English,is studied,2.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：,is/are+过去分词,1. They bought a computer last term,by the
4、m last term.,2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：,was/were +过去分词,last year.,2.We planted many trees last year.,Many trees,were planted,A computer,was bought,3.一般将来时的被动语态结构：,be going to be/will be+过去分词,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom is going to clean the room
5、 tomorrow.,The room,is going to be cleaned,by Tom tomorrow.,4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1.Amy can take good care of Gina ,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is / am / are + being 过去分词,1.Some work
6、ers are painting the rooms now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,2.He is watching TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have / has been 过去分词,1.We have made a key,by us.,A key,has been made,2.We have finished our compositions.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,The pa
7、ssive voice,被动语态,英语中动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语态. 主动语 态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的 承受者, 在被动语态中动作的执行者有时用by短语表示 出来.,被动语态的构成:,助动词be+ (及物动词的) 过去分词,一般现在时,一般过去时,各种时态的被动语态构成,一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 情态动词： 现在进行时： 过去进行时 现在完成时： 过去完成时：,S+ am/is /are + done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+ will + be + done,S+ was/were + being+ do
8、ne,S+ have/has + been+ done,S+ was/were + done,各种时态的被动语态构成,S+ am/is/are + being +过去分词,S+ had + been+ done,Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。,被动语态的用法,（1）当不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者 时,Its said / reported / + that 据说/据报道 Its reported that it will rain tomorrow. 据报道，明天会下雨。,（2）强调动作的承受者，这时应用by短语。,The
9、 cup was broken by David.,（3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型.,1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,2. 将主动语态的谓语动词由主动变为被动,3. 将主动语态的主语变为被动语态中介词by 的宾语放在谓动词之后,运用一下吧,Drills：A: 1.It suddenly snowed while Mary _for the bus. A.waited B.waits C.was waiting D.was waited 2.A big power station( )_in my home town now. A.has been built B.is b
10、eing built C.has built D.is building . 3.Stamps_by people for sending letters. A.use B.using C.used D.are used. 4.Must old people_to politely? A.speak B.spoken C.be spoke D.be spoken,C,B,D,D,1.This room can hold 500 people. 2.Taiwan belongs to China. 3.The T-shirt fits me very well, and it only cost
11、 20 yuan. 4.SARS broke out in China that year. 5.Great changes have taken place in the last ten years in china .,无被动语态的动词：不及物动词无被动 happen, belong to, suit, fit(适合), have, let, join, fall, last（延长）,cost,break out（爆发）appear, burst out(迸发)，hold(容纳)，lack（缺乏），agree with,5.Bike mustnt_everywhere. A.be up
12、B.be put C.put C.putting 6.The woman fell off the bike and _on the road. A.lay B.was lain C.lied D.has lain 7.The old man and the children_in our country. A.must take good care B.must be take good care of C.must take good care of Dmust be taken good care of 8.Granny Wang told the little children tha
13、t the sun_ From the east.A.has risenB.rise C.rises D.is risen,B,A,D,C,1.必须照看好孩子们。 The children must be taken good care of 2.这本书是鲁迅写的。/。 This book was written by Lu Xun 3.昨天那支笔是他给我的 That pencil was given to me by him yesterday 4.这辆自行车能修吗？ Can this bike be mended?,口诀1：宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done,时态看主动。 口诀2
14、：如 遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾 语后加to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell) 口诀3：有些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。两听，两感觉，三做，四看 He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him. 口诀4.含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 They take good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by them,1.He can take care of
15、the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,被动语态的几种类型,1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.一般把间接宾语变为 被动语态的主语，则另
16、一个不动。如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语则需在间宾前加 for 或 to,如：1.He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 2. I bought him a book. He was bought a book by me. A book was buoght for him by me.,They take good care of my child. I turned off the radio.,2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,-My child is taken good
17、 care of .,-The radio was turned off (by me).,即hear , watch , see , make , let ,这些词在变被动句时必须加to.,1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.,He,was seen,to play basketball last Sunday.,2.The boss makes him work for 10 hours.,He,is made,to work for 10 hours.,3.在主动语态中省去to 在变为被动语态时应补出来,4.主动结构表被动含义,1） look
18、. smell . sound . feel . taste 等作连系动词用时 ，主动形式表被动意义。,Eg. 棉花摸起来很柔软。,Cotton feels soft.,这老妇人看起来焦急。,The old woman looks worried .,2) write . read . sell wash open . lock 等常和表示行为方式的状语连用表达效果和程度时 常用主动表被动。,Eg This pen writes well. 这笔很好用。,这书很畅销,This book sells well.,3) 动词 need ,want , require （需要）等接动名词作宾语构成主
19、动结构表被动含义,Eg 他 的鞋需要修理。,His shoes needed mending .,填空（完成被动语态填空） 1. They often clean their classroom after school . （改为被动语态） Their classroom _ often _ by them after school. 2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week . （同上） A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week .,is,cleaned,was given by,Practice,3. A lot of people
20、in China can speak English now . （同上） English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now. 4. I have learned English for about two years. （同上） English _ _ _ for about two years. 5. They will read these story-books next month. （同上） These story-books _ _ _ next month.,can be spoken,has been learned,will be
21、read,5. Do you like the skirt ? It _ soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt 6. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ? A. are you waiting B. did you wait C. were you waiting D. do you wait,7. _ to know Professor Zhang. A. He said B. I said C. He is said D. It says 8. I
22、want to sit at the table near the window. Sorry , _ already. A. it took B. it takes C. it is taking D. it has been taken,9. The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday. A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrived C. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived 10. He told me that the fi
23、nal examination _ next Thursday. A. is given B. will be given C. would have given D. would be given,11. Water _ into ice. A. will changed B. must be changed C. should change D. can be changed 12. The birds _ fly away last Saturday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. were let to,13. A strange sound
24、 _ yesterday evening. A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard 14. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates. A. sent to B. will sent to C. was sent to D. will be sent for,15. Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting. A. has been asked B. has been asked C. Have been asked D. have been asked 16. Meat _ out in this shop . We can _ now. A. have been sold , get nothing B. has been sold , get nothing C. has been sold , get some D. have been sold , get some,Thanks,