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1、英语语音专题,The Alphabet,统教给学生48个音标的发音方法（如舌、牙齿的位置，口形以及口的张开程度等）；然后不断地给学生总结字母以及字母组合的发音规律，循序渐进，反复练习，逐步掌握；最后有计划、有步骤地在已学的单词复习中练习语音知识，在即将出现的新词中检测和巩固语音知识，使学生在掌握语音知识的同时对新单词能自己拼读，以培养学生的自学能力和学习的积极主动精神。,如手势法、辨音法、口形定位法、模仿法、演示法、对比法、录音法以及游戏法等。每种教学方法都有其适用性，教师应充分发挥各种方法的优势并综合运用各种方法，以调动学生学习语音的兴趣。,Pronunciation,Lake Fake T
2、ake Name Date Gate,Brake slice Hike Bone Case Hopeful Stove Vase Behave Cave,听写以上单词。,International Phonetic symbols（国际音标）,1.什么是国际音标？ 由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的 分歧, 所以无法完全根据字母来读音。 为了精确地学习和掌握语音, 就要借 助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷, 于是便 产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号， 叫做“音符”(Phonetic symbols)。我们 这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音 的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的 国际音标共有48个,
3、 其中, 元音音标20个， 辅音音标28个。,How many phonetic symbols are there?,元音 vowels (20个),元音的分类: 英语元音音素共20个 ，分单元音和双元音两大类。 (A) 单元音（12个）： a. 前元音：/ i: /, / i /, / e /, / / b. 后元音：/ u: /, / u /, / : /, / /, / a: / c. 中元音： / : /, / /, / /,(B) 双元音 （8个）：,a.合口双元音：/ ei /, / i / / / ai /, u /, / au /, b. 集中双元音：/ i /, / /,
4、/ u / 以上所讲的是按发音时舌的活动范围来分类的，此外, 可以按发音时的唇形分类：圆唇音 / /, / :/, / u /, / u: /；扁唇音 / i: /, / : /；以及按长、短音分类：长元音/ i: /, / u: /, / : /, / : /, / a: /，短元音 / i /, / e /, / / , / u /, / /, / /, / /,元音音素的发音方法和位置：,前元音 ( Front vowels ) / i: /, / i /, / e /, / / 前元音的特点就是前舌在活动, 舌尖都抵下齿 背, 前舌都向硬颚抬起, 只是高度不同。发 / i:/音时前舌抬
5、得最高, 发/ /音时前舌最低。发/ i: / 音时牙床开得最小, 发/ /音时牙床开得最大。唇的扁平程度和肌肉的紧张程度也不同。带有“:”的要发长音, 不带“:”的发短音。但是 / / 虽然不带“:”, 但要比其他短音发得稍长一些。,1. 前元音 i: e, ee, ea, ie, ei, eo A: Tea or coffee? B: Tea for Lee and coffee for me, please. i i, e, y, ey His little sister is sitting in the middle. e e, ea, ai Good, better, best.
6、Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best. a Cat, cat! Catch that black rat!,he see, read, piece, ceiling, people,is, English, busy, money,red, then, head, again,hat, bag, can, apple,Compare,it-eat 2. liveleave 3. fillfeel 4. seatsit 5. treetrip 6. bitbee 7. sheepship 8. deeddid 9. liv
7、eleave 10. feedfit 11. peapit 12. ridread 13. streetstrict 14. sleepslip,Compare,bet-bat 2. patpet 3. bagbeg 4. satset 5. neck-lack 6. sadsaid 7. badbed 8. daddead 9. ladled 10. fadfed,c. 中元音 ( Central vowels ) / : / , / /，/ / 中元音的特点就是舌的中部稍稍隆起 （不太容易感觉到）, 舌平放口中, 不抵下 齿背；口腔各部分都很自然, 肌肉松弛。 发这两个中元音的方法及部位类
8、似, 区别在 于：发 / / 音时, 牙床半开, 双唇中常,只要 一张口就可发出 / / 音, 它是12个单元音中最弱、最模糊的一个音。, er, a, e, o ,our The farmers sister is a doctor. : ir, ur, or,ear,er The early bird catches the worm first. o, u Come to the front on the double.,clever, ruler, panda, open,today,colour,girl, shirt, purple,work,earth,her,love, col
9、our, us, duck,中元音,Phrases,:,A dirty skirt,hurt a bird,Learn to work,worse and worse,Read the words,ago again address hundred parent license water August banana today colour policeman,Phrases,Sooner or later,Autumn and August,Worker and farmer,about the picture of the teacher,b. 后元音 ( Back vowels ) /
10、 : /, / /, / :/,/ u /, / u: / 后元音的特点就是后舌在活动。发后元 音时舌不抵下齿背, 而是平放在口中, 只是后 舌抬起的高度不同。/ /, / :/, / u /, / u:/ 是 圆唇音, 发 / / 音时是大圆唇, 发 / :/, / u /, / u: / 音时, 唇依次缩小, 发/ u: / 音时就成了小 圆唇了。发 / : / 音时牙床开得最大, 依次缩 小, 到发 / u: / 音时牙床开得最小。,a: ar, a Its far to the farm from the park. o, a The little pot is so hot. : o
11、r, a, au, ar My daughter whos forty-four is a lawyer. u oo Look at the cookbook. Its really good. u: oo, u, ou, oe How do you do? You look really cool.,shop, sorry, watch, what,morning, call, autumn, warm,football, wood, classroom, book,soon, ruler, soup, shoe,half, class, park, hard,后元音,Compare a:,
12、cut-cart 2. lucklark 3.duckdark 4. toughtask 5.mudmark 6. busbath 7. farfun 8. shutshark,Compare ,pot-port 2. lotlord 3. notnorth 4. foxforks 5.shotshort 6. wokwalk 7. spotsport 8. cockcaught,Compare ,walk work shortshirt warmword door-dirt sore- sir cause-curd,_, i: i e ,a: : u: u, : ,单元音 vowels (1
13、2个),双元音, ei a, ai, ay, ea, ei Rain, rain go away. Little Johnny wants to play. ai i, y Out of sight, out of mind. i oy, oi Soybean oil is my choice. u o, oa, ow, Go and open the window, Joe, and show me the photo. au ou, ow I found a mouse in the house.,game, rain, play, great,five, idea, try, goodb
14、ye,boy, toy, point, oil,old, hello, coat, show,about, round, down, town,face same game play waste hate late hay complain famous,Read the words,I life quiet mind price night die shy white lie high,Phrases,ei,hate to be late,save her face,never waste,met the first lady,ai,Phrases,the blue sky,in the c
15、ountryside,the biting wind,Out of sight ,out of mind,ai,写法,_,1 2 ai 3 ai ,road coat goat boat load cold smoke go home hope,Read the words,how about shout cow loud mouse ground hour crown mouth,Phrases,u,Gold Coast,make a toast,be all bones,the local language,Phrases,au,go for an outing,between ourse
16、lves,read aloud,out of date,au,_,写法,1 2 au 3 au,Learn the phrases,toil and moil a spoiled boy Annoying noise live for enjoyment,Learn the phrases,toil and moil a spoiled boy Annoying noise live for enjoyment,Read the words,Boys and girls, please pay attention to “ oy ”! boy toy joy soy annoying empl
17、oy,Read the words,Now please pay attention to “ oi ”! oil soil boil coin point noise,i ear, eer, ea We are near the end of the year. ere, air, are, eir Where there is a will, there is a way. u ure, our Its sure to be good for the tourists. Poor tour!,hear, year, deer, really,there, chair, careful, t
18、heir,sure, tour, poor, February,写法,_,1 2 3 ,Read the words,i ear dear hear tear fear clear here beer sneer peer, pear wear where dare care share bare rare hair flair fair stair repair,Read the phrases i,come here drink the beer very clear fear nothing here and there Cheering with tears,Learn the phr
19、ases,share your banana with monkey eat a lot of pears a rare metal run barefoot at the trade fair,Read the words u,sure unsure brochure poor moor tour,Tongue Twister,Sure sure sure, Poor poor poor, Im sure you know Im poor, So I cant go to make a tour.,_,i u,ei ai u au i,i: i e a: ,: : u: u,元音 vowels (20个),