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1、Book 7 Unit 5 KEEP IT UP, XIE LEI(Reading) 导学精要（教师稿） 设计者： 审核者:高二英语备课组 使用时间：1Learning Aims: 1. Read and understand the reading text (KEEP IT UP, XIE LEI Chinese student fitting in well) in this unit . 2. Learn some reading strategies .Part One : Learning Research(学习探究）思维导向1: Read the text KEEP IT UP,
2、 XIE LEI ) and choose the best answers.1. Who has helped Xie Lei most since she came to England?A. Her classmates and her tutor. B. Her tutor and her family.C. Her host family and her family. D. Her tutor and her host family.2. Xie Leis tutor seemed dissatisfied with her first essay because_.A. Ther
3、e were too many mistakes in it.B. Her opinions were quite different from her tutorsC. She didnt give her own opinions at all.D. Her tutor couldnt understand the essay.3. Why does the word “it” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A. The preparation course. B. The preparation year.C. A business qualifica
4、tion. D. A degree course.4. According to the text, we can know that _.A. Idioms are not so difficult to understand.B. All students need one year to prepare for their major.C. Foreign tutors admire autonomous learners.D. It is impossible that you read it from China Daily.5. What can we learn from Xie
5、 Lei according to the passage?A. She is timid (胆小的) B. She is rich C. She is determined D. She is humorousAnswers :DCACCConclusion (小结促学）完成这五道阅读题后，你总结出了什么做题经验？_.思维导向2：对于词义猜测题，你认为有效的解题技巧是什么？词义猜测题可分为2种模型：1. 猜测词意题 2. 猜测指代题词义猜测题常见的考查形式：1) The phrase “” in the sentence could be replaced by _.2) The world
6、 “” in the paragraph refers to_.3) What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph? / What does the underlined word mean?4) Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase”?5) The world “” most nearly means _ .6) What do you think the expression “” stand for?【典例1 】（通过上下文信息
7、来猜测词义).The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.1. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?
8、A. Artworks. B. Projects. C. Donations. D. Documents.解析】词义猜测题。最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选(The fine selection of the major works)，又点明contributions来自其他机构，所以可推断出contributions应该属于works的范畴。故选项A正确。技巧：猜测任何词义都离不开上下文的语境，所以可借助上下文语境与线索对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。解题时，考生可以利用上下文线索，利用已知信息，来猜测某个生词或短语在文章的词义。【典例2 】（通过定义猜测词义) Do you kn
9、ow what a “territory” is? A territory is an area that an animal, usually the male, claims (声称) as its own.1. What is a birds “territory”？ A. A place where families of other species are not accepted. B. A place where a bird may shout at the top of its voice.C. An area for which birds fight against ea
10、ch other. D. An area which a bird considers to be its own.解析】由定义可推知，这里territory指的是：动物的地盘。故选项D正确。技巧：如果生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语从句）或段落来定义,或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。【典例3】（通过同位关系来猜
11、测词义)In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today1. What is the meaning of the underlined word?A. 一种濒临灭绝野猫 B. 一种危险的野猫 C. 家猫 D. 猫头鹰解析】由同位语an endangered wild cat我们很快猜出生词ocelots的义域：一种濒临灭绝野猫。故选项A正确 技巧：构成同位关系的两部分之间通常用连接词连接，有时也使用破折号、冒号、分号、括号或同位语。常用的信息词有：or, similarly, tha
12、t is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say等。【典例4 】（通过转折关系或对比关系来猜测词义)Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. 1. What d
13、oes the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A A painting of the skeleton. BA photograph of Lucy CA copy of the skeleton. DA written record of Lucy. 解析】replica所在的句子中，while连接的两部分在意义上是相对的，故replica与real remains是反义关系，由此可推测replica意为“仿品”，因此答案为C。技巧：如果一个句子或段落中有对两个事物或现象进行对比的描述，可以根据它的反义词猜测其词义。表示转折关系的词语主要
14、有：but, however, otherwise, though等； 表对比关系的标志性词语有： despite, in spite of, in contrast to/ with, unlike, on the other hand等。【典例5】（通过因果关系来猜测词义) I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is close in me
15、aning to “_”.A. Full of respect B. Too confident and rudeC. Lacking in experience D. Too shy and quiet. 解析】 根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容（“既然你是我的上司”），我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是：“冒失的，放肆的”意思，后半句的意思是：我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为：B。技巧：该方法是根据前后的因果关系来推断某个生词或短语的意识。可由表示原因的句意推测出表示结果的句子中的某个生词或短语的意思，即由因推果；也可由表示结果的句意推测出表
16、示原因的句子中的某个生词或短语的意思，即由果推因。表示因果关系的词有：because, since, so that, so/such.that.等。【典例6】（通过句法功能来猜测词义) Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces .According the passage, The Pines is a _.Aplace in which you
17、can see many mobile homesBmountain where you can get a good view of the valleyCtown which happens to be near the Banff National ParkDrestaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food 解析】通过whose引导的定语从句，我们可以推测到：The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字，由此不难推出理解题的答案为：D。技巧：此种方法是根据生词的上下文及其意义上的联系来进行判断。生词可能与文中相关联的词是一种上
18、下文的关系，或者是同一类别的关系。【典例7】 (通过构词法来猜测词义）通过读句子，猜下列画线部分的中文意思。例A. （05江西卷E段）Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools? 答案：根据词根educational （教育的），结合前缀co-（共同，一起），我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：“男女同校教育的”意思。例B. （05 广东卷E段）Its a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking (俯瞰) the bay in an uncomme
19、rcialized Cornish fishing village on Englands most southerly point 答案：后缀 -ise/ize意思是“使成为；使化”，结合词根commercial（商业的），不难猜出 uncommercialized 的意思是：“未被商业化的”。例C. （05 北京卷B段）Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Welldesigned tools and equipment will require less force to operate
20、them and prevent awkward（别扭的）hand positions. 答案：Well-designed 或许是个生词，但我们分析该词的结构后，就能推测出其含义。它由well （好，优秀）和design （设计）两部分组成，合在一起便是“设计精巧的”意思。技巧：在猜测词义过程中，我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本事猜测词义。如：前缀co-表示“共同，一起”；后缀-ise/-ize的意思是“使成为.;使.化”等。因此，考生在平时学习过程中应该掌握通过一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等构词知识来猜测词义。Conclusion：对于词义猜测题，你认为有效的解题技巧是:1. 通过上下
21、文信息，如【典例1】； 2. 通过定义，如【典例2】；3. 通过同位关系，如【典例3】； 4. 通过转折关系或对比关系，如【典例4】；5. 通过因果关系，如【典例5】； 6. 通过句法功能，如【典例6】；7. 通过构词法，如【典例7】；构词法又分为：1) 根据前缀猜测词义，如例A.； 2）根据后缀猜测词义如例B.； 3根据复合词的各部分猜测词义，如例C.；典例8. 猜测指代题 We bought three bags of popcorn and three sodas each. Then, we sat and watched The Music Man followed by The M
22、an Who Shot Liberty Valance. Wed already seen the second movie once before. It had been at the theater since January, because Mr. Bellow loved anything with John Wayne in it. 47. What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A. The heat B. The theater. C. The Music Man D. The Man Who Shot Liberty Val
23、ance 解析】代词多半是替找前文中的某一内容，因此必须理解前文才可以找到答案:我们看了The Music Man之后，接着看了The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance，第二部电影以前已看过一次了，“它”自一月份开始就在这个电影院上演了。可见，这个“它”是指这次看的第二部电影（The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance），故选D。 技巧：一般来说，代词的指代内容大多在它的前一句中，有时也在它的后一句中。找到指代内容后把它放在这个代词的位置上，看一看这句话是否合理，与前后的内容是否一致，然后再判定它是否为正确答案。Part Two: Test 达标检
24、测 Exercise One: Indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past.44. The underlined phrase “stately homes ” in Paragraph 4 means_.A. state-owned houses B. houses in very
25、 good conditionC. grand houses open to the public D. houses where statesmen meet regularly解析】 由与之并列的and museums 及后面作目的状语的不定式短语to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past可知，选C。Exercise Two: (2014福建）Walt Disney is credited for creating such wonderful things as Donald Duck and Mickey Mou
26、se. However, he cannot take the credit for creating other well-loved characters, such as Cinderella and Snow White. They are almost automatically associated with Disney because Disney turned old fables (寓言) into cartoon movies.67. What does the underlined word “They” in this paragraph refer to?A. Su
27、ch wonderful things. B. Other well-loved characters.C. Old fables. D. Cartoon movies 解析】指代前句中的“像灰姑娘和白雪公主这类的其他很受人喜欢的角色”，故选B。Part Three : Homework （2013全国卷C篇） Given that many peoples moods (情绪) are regulated by the chemical action of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody mad
28、e the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, Singapores Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates. Its founder is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents corner store with one hand alm
29、ost always in the jar of sweets. If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, thats because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levis and Sony. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to
30、 making different flavored(味道) chocolates. The CRFs produce is green, made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Serieswith Sichuan pepper（辣椒）, red bean (豆)，cheese and other flavorsalso does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolat
31、e snobs，who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela , and Ghana, among others.1. What is good about chocolate?A. It serves as a suitable gift. B. It works as an effective medicine. C. It helps improve the st
32、ate of mind. D. It strengthens business relations. 2. Why is Chris Lee able to develop his idea of the CRF?A. He knows the importance of research. B. He learns from shops of similar types. C. He has the support of many big names. D. He has a lot of marketing experience. 3. Which line of the CRF prod
33、uce sells best?A. The Connoisseur Series. B. The Exotic Series. C. The Alcohol Series D. The Sichuan Series. 4.The words chocolate snobs in Paragraph 3 probably refer to people who_? .A. are particular about chocolate B. know little about cocoa beans C. look down upon others D. like to try new flavors Answers: CDCAPart Four : Sum -up ( 总结提升）关于阅读理解题，我最大的薄弱环节是：_我学会了：_9