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1、中药添加剂对高温环境鸡耐热力的影响Because the body temperature is high (4043 DEG C), the metabolism is vigorous, the skin has no sweat glands and is covered with thick feathers. Therefore, the high temperature has a bad influence on the laying hens. The results showed that the laying rate of laying hens in heat stre
2、ss decreased by 10% 38%, and the mortality rate increased obviously. To improve the heat resistance of chickens in hot environment is an important measure to improve the production level and reduce the loss of chickens. Modern medicine thinks that heat stress is a nonspecific defensive response of t
3、he body to heat source, is the hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, hypothalamus pituitary gonadal axis dysfunction syndrome. In fact, heat stress is the exhaustion of the bodys high tension and fatigue, which is very similar to the kidney deficiency syndrome
4、in traditional Chinese veterinary medicine. The main purpose of this experiment is to layer as the research object, to explore traditional Chinese medicine additive on the effect of high temperature environment in heat tolerance from chicken feed intake, egg production, mortality, immunity, blood bi
5、ochemical indices and organ development and so on, to improve the screening heat tolerance and productivity of the prescription of laying hens, provide the basis for heat tolerance and to improve the productivity of Chinese herbal additive layer by high temperature environment. The source and group
6、yz.ag365yz.ag365 in 1 yz.ag365yz.ag365 of the 1.1 materials and methods in the management of the yz.ag365yz.ag365 feeding chickens in the farm of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University with a henhouse laying hens, 52 weeks old were selected Nick red 200 laying hens, were randomly divided into
7、 5 groups (n = 40). Table 1 the composition and nutrition of the basal diet of the test chicken is shown in table 1. A, B, C groups were added 1.5%, 0.8%, 0.4% 40 crushed 60 mesh sieve and traditional Chinese medicine additive mixture (gypsum, Rhizoma Corydalis, Radix Astragali, epimedium, psoralea
8、fruit, Chinese yam), D group added grinding, mixing medicine (KCl, NaHCO3, sodium salicylate, VC), group E as the control group, only fed the basal diet. After 1 weeks of trial, the formal test (40d) was carried out. During the test, the average temperature of 30. 16 33. 45 degrees, the average rela
9、tive humidity yz.ag365yz.ag365 composition of corn soybean rapeseed meal cottonseed meal meal wheat bran powder methionine lysine to crude protein calcium phosphorus multidimensional yz.ag365yz.ag365 / 62.0012.004.004.005.003.003.007.000.100.050.0218.172.981.001.00yz.ag365yz.ag365 ratio of choline (
10、66.70 + 9.365)%. During the experiment, the laying hens were in the state of chronic heat stress. In the yz.ag365yz.ag365 method in yz.ag365yz.ag365 1.2.1 1.2 blood samples were collected respectively at the beginning of the experiment, the test at the end of the 13 14 of egg chicken wings venous bl
11、ood. In the initial stage, there were 6 rats in each group, 20 patients in each group at the end, 6ml/ only, heparin anticoagulant, 3000r/min, centrifuged 15min, separated plasma, stored at -20 DEG C, to be analyzed. Determination of three plasma triiodothyronine in yz.ag365yz.ag365 1.2.2 index (T3)
12、, blood cortisol, thyroxine (T4) and luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E 2) determination of hormone CM (24*2 by radioimmunoassay for Beijing North Institute of biological technology (determination of the box batch number 9708), by using the manual operation method. The instruments were LS5801 ty
13、pe liquid scintillation counter (American Beckman) and FJ-2008P gamma radiation counter (produced by Xian state 262 factory).Ca2+ in plasma by atomic absorption spectrometry, P3+ in the determination of ammonium molybdate, determination of flame photometry using Na+ and K+ methods, the red blood cel
14、ls in the C-3b receptor rosette rate and the rate of lymphocyte transformation by using the literature. Hemoglobin, red blood cell count and hematocrit were measured by routine method and type 560 automatic biochemical analyzer. In yz.ag365yz.ag365 the 1.2.3 gland weighing the weight of the end of t
15、he experiment, each group were randomly selected to slaughter 5 laying hens, respectively, weighing and recording of ovaries, thyroid, adrenal. In yz.ag365yz.ag365 1.2.4 production performance, feed intake, egg laying rate, egg weight and mortality were measured by routine method. In the yz.ag365yz.
16、ag365 1.2.5 data processing of the experiment group and the control group index data were analyzed single factor variance. Effect of yz.ag365yz.ag365 2 in the 2.1 yz.ag365yz.ag365 results and analysis of traditional Chinese medicine additive on the performance of laying hens in the high temperature
17、environment (see Table 2) table 2 in yz.ag365yz.ag365 traditional Chinese medicine additive on the performance of high temperature layers yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.1.1 intake from table 2, the control group during the experimental period, food intake changed little, but over time, the traditional Chinese m
18、edicine group of chicken feed intake increased, that from the beginning of the twentieth day, Chinese herbal medicine or western medicine additive can play a role, alleviate the effect of heat stress of chicken feed intake status. Compared with the control group, Chinese herbal medicine group from t
19、he twentieth day, significantly (P 0.05) or extremely significant (P 0.01) improve the intake of heat stressed layers, layers of mining order intake from big to small are B, A, C, D and E. There was no significant difference between twentieth days and thirtieth days in additive intake. In yz.ag365yz
20、.ag365 2.1.2 the laying rate of Table 2 shows, the control group during the experimental period, egg volume changes, with the prolongation of time, traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine group laying rate increased. Compared with the control group, Chinese medicine group in tenth days aft
21、er adding additives, can improve the laying rate; from the beginning of the twentieth day, Chinese medicine additive can significantly (P 0.05) or extremely significant (P 0.01) improve the heat stress of the laying rate, egg production rate from big to small order is B, C, D A, and E. In the yz.ag3
22、65yz.ag365 2.1.3 egg weight from the table 2, the control group during the experimental period, egg weight changed little, with the prolongation of time, traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine group increased egg weight. Compared with the control group, Chinese medicine group in tenth day
23、s after adding additives, can improve the egg weight; from the beginning of the twentieth day, Chinese herbal medicine group significantly (P 0.05) or extremely significant (P 0.01) improve the heat stress of laying hens, egg weight from large to small order is B, A, C D, and E. In yz.ag365yz.ag365
24、2.1.4 the ratio of feed to egg from the table 2, compared with the control group, Chinese medicine additive added in tenth days, can improve the utilization rate of feed; in twentieth days, Chinese herbal medicine group significantly (P 0.05) or extremely significant (P 0.01) improve the feed utiliz
25、ation rate of heat stressed layers, the ratio of feed to egg. Ascending order is B, A, C, D and E. In yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.1.5 the quality of eggs from the table 2, traditional Chinese medicine additive can improve the eggshell thickness, reduce the damage rate.Compared with the control group, after t
26、est 20d, the laying hens of traditional Chinese medicine group had bright egg color, good egg shape and dense eggshell. The surface of laying hens in the western medicine group was rough and the texture was uneven. In yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.1.6 the mortality table 2 shows, Chinese herbal medicine and We
27、stern medicine additive can significantly reduce the mortality rate of laying hens under heat stress. In the 2.2 yz.ag365yz.ag365 of traditional Chinese medicine on the impact of high temperature layers of the endocrine system HT5 SS in yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.2.1 three plasma triiodothyronine (T3) and t
28、hyroxine (T4), cortisol, luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E 2) compared with the control group, the additive can cause the increase of plasma T3, LH and E2 content in a certain extent, reduce T4 and cortisol. Among them, the role of Chinese medicine B group is the most significant (see Table
29、3). The beginning of the experiment, each experimental group T3, chicken plasma T4, cortisol, LH and E2 were compared with the control group, the difference was not significant; the end of the experiment, each additive in chicken plasma T3 contents were increased, the difference between A and B grou
30、p (P 0.05); lower the level of T4, but the difference was not significant; compared with the control group, each group additive to reduce chicken plasma cortisol, B sorting table 3 Chinese medicine additive effect on the high temperature layer of plasma T3, T4 and cortisol, LH and E2 content in yz.a
31、g365yz.ag365 2.22 at the end of each additive gland weight test compared with the control group, the thyroid and ovary weight were not significantly different, the weight of adrenal gland only the Chinese medicine group B significantly reduced (see Table 4). Effect of yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.3 in traditi
32、onal Chinese medicine on the immune function of laying hens in high temperature environments (see Table 5) table 4 in yz.ag365yz.ag365 traditional Chinese medicine additive effect on the high temperature layer endocrine gland weight yz.ag365yz.ag365 table 5 Chinese medicine additive effects on cell
33、immunity of yz.ag365yz.ag365 high temperature layer of 2.3.1 in the red blood cell C-3b receptor rosette rate (EAC) results. Table 5. Table 5 shows, at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, Chinese medicine and Western medicine additive group of heat stressed layers of red bloo
34、d cell C-3b receptor rosette rate were increased, the Chinese medicine A, B, C group EAC significant difference (P 0.01), western medicine group had significant difference (P 0.05). This shows that Chinese medicine can effectively improve the erythrocyte C-3b receptor rosette rate increased in heat
35、stress, immune function of laying hens. In the yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.3.2 in the red blood cell C-3b receptor rosette rate (RFER) to promote the table 5 shows that at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, Chinese herbal medicine group of heat stressed layers of red blood cell C-3b
36、receptor rosette rate were increased in the promotion, western medicine on Heat Stressed Layers of red blood cell C-3b receptor rosette rate had no significant promotion in effect. In the yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.3.3 in the red blood cell C-3b receptor rosette inhibition rate (RFIR) from the table 5, at t
37、he end of the experiment, compared with the control group, Chinese medicine group of heat stressed layers of red blood cell in C-3b receptor rosette inhibition rate decreased, western medicine can reduce the heat stress of chicken egg liquid erythrocyte C-3b receptor rosette inhibition rate in the.
38、In yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.3.4 blood lymphocyte transformation rate in Table 5 shows, at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, Chinese medicine additive could significantly improve (WTBX P< 0.01) blood lymphocyte transformation rate,Western medicine has no obvious effect on lymph
39、ocyte transformation rate. In yz.ag365yz.ag365 the 2.4 traditional Chinese medicine additive effect on blood components in high temperature environment on yz.ag365yz.ag365 2.4.1 red cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin content of table 6 shows, at the end of the experiment, compared with the contro
40、l group, Chinese medicine additive significantly enhanced the heat stress of chicken red blood cell count, hemoglobin content, chicken the group of blood cell volume increased, but the mean corpuscular volume had no obvious difference. The red blood cell number, hematocrit and hemoglobin content in
41、the western medicine group were not significantly different from those in the control group. In Table 6 the yz.ag365yz.ag365 of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine additive effects of yz.ag365yz.ag365 on the heat stressed layers of blood components of 2.4.2 plasma ion content in Table
42、6 shows, at the end of the experiment, compared with the control group, Chinese medicine A, B group significantly enhanced the heat stress of chicken egg K+, Ca2+ and P3+ in the liquid in the content of Western medicine can improve the blood content of K+. This shows that Chinese medicine is benefic
43、ial to maintain the blood ion balance of heat stressed layers. In the discussion of the yz.ag365yz.ag365 3 yz.ag365yz.ag365 in chronic heat stress environment, in order to reduce body heat production of T demand 3 reduction, T 4 into 3 reduced rate of T. But this test all the additives increase the
44、heat stress of egg chicken plasma T3 content to a certain extent, T4 content decreased, increased thyroid weight, suggesting that traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine additives were involved in the regulation of heat stressed layers of the hypothalamic pituitary thyroid axis. Chinese me
45、dicine A and B group increased significantly (P 0.05) thyroid secretion of T3 function, and the composition of the tonic, nerve and antipyretic drugs closely related. On the one hand, astragalus, yam and other tonic drugs can promote the thyroid DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, anti cell, sugar depri
46、vation, hypoxia damage, and directly improve the thyroid function. On the other hand, fumitory and other nervous system drugs by inhibiting the excitability of the brain, the hens enhanced tolerance to heat; gypsum antipyretic, sedative, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic by alleviating heat stress,
47、damage, and maintain the body heat balance. Although the yz.ag365yz.ag365 high temperature layers by reducing the thyroid function, in order to reduce the heat, but at the same time laying hens breathing (appear hot, trying to increase the heat dissipation through breathing) accelerate peripheral bl
48、ood flow, resulting in increased metabolism, heat production is still increasing, the increase of cortisol, elevated plasma cortisol levels in laying hens. This experiment the additives decreased the content of plasma cortisol and adrenal weight, including traditional Chinese medicine additive effec
49、t on plasma cortisol in B group significantly (P 0.05), indicating that the medicine additives were involved in the regulation of heat stressed layers of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis, the traditional Chinese medicine group B significant role. Chinese medicine additive group B by increasing the layers of thyroid function, heat stress decreased adrenal function, can make layers relatively effective heat in the high temperature environment regulation, in order to maintain the body heat balance, improve the heat resistance of heat stressed lay