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1、The Loons,Margaret Laurence,Lesson 9,Teaching Plan,Teaching Objectives,To understand the symbolic meaning of the loons: the native Indians of Canada To learn the ways of developing a short story To understand the scenic description,Teaching Content,The story illustrate the conflict between white Can
2、adians and native Indians, and the racial discrimination the Indians has been imposed upon. To observe how the author arranges the layout of the story, and to find out the beginning, development, climax and denouement of the story.,Teaching Focus,The symbolic meaning of the loons: the native Indians
3、 of Canada The scenic description,Teaching Methods,Teacher-oriented teaching method Student-oriented teaching method The elicited method,Teaching Procedure,. Introductory Remarks . Background Information . Learning Focus . Key words and Expressions . Explanation of the Text,. Division of the Text .
4、The Writing Style . Rhetorical Devices . Exercises,Introductory Remarks,. Introductory Remarks,This short story is first published in A Bird in the House and it is about Piquette Tonnerre, a half-bred girl who grew up under harsh circumstances in a white society that suppresses half-breeds. The stor
5、y is told through another girl, Vanessa, who used to be Piquettes classmate when she was young.,Vanessas father happens to be Piquettes doctor and he invites her to spend summer holiday with them in the Diamond Lake for the sake of her health. Nine years after that Vanessa happens to meet her in a c
6、af and she tells Vanessa that she is going to marry a white man.,Four years later when Vanessa comes home on her holiday, she learns that Piquette is burnt to death together with her two children. By using an appropriate tone, Margaret describes the alienation felt by the young Piquette Tonnerre, wh
7、o represents an ethnic group rejected by a cruel society, just due to the fact that they are different.,Detailed Study of the Text,. Background Information,Author: Margaret Laurence one of the major contemporary Canadian born in Neepawa, Manitoba, Canada educated at the University of Manitoba,moving
8、 with her husband to Africa beginning her literary career in 1954 by editing A Tree of Poverty, a collection of Somali poetry and prose the novel, This side of Jordan with a background set on Ghana as the countrys independence was drawing near,A book of short stories, The Tomorrow-Tamer has a simila
9、r setting. a work of non-fiction, The prophets Camel Bell,a description of two years spent in Somaliland. The Stone Angel is a remarkable book, demonstrating superbly her ability to create characters.,A Jest of God was made into a successful movie, Rachel, Rachel The Fire-Dwellers, a novel set in Va
10、ncouver a collection of semi-biographical short stories, A bird in the House came out,the Governor Generals Award for fiction for both A Jest of God and The Diviners and has been the recipient of honorary degrees from half a dozen Canadian universities,Her stories feature strong women and struggles
11、for self-understanding and acceptance. She was known for her outspoken support of peace, womens rights, and other progressive causes.,involved in speaking and writing about issues, such as nuclear disarmament, the environment, literacy, and other social issues the Margaret Laurence Fund the Margaret
12、 Laurence Award for Excellence,Loon distinctive Canadian bird, the bird of the lakes, fish-eating, diving The Canadian government issued a one-dollar coin with a loon engraved on it. One dollar is slangily called a loony.,. Learning Focus,The layout of the story The characters in the story The symbo
13、lism in the story The scenery description,. Key words and Expressions,pebble(n.):asmallstonewornsmooth and round, asbytheactionofwater scrub(adj.): short, stunted chokecherry(n.): a North American wild cherry tree,thicket(n.): athickgrowthofshrubs, underbrushorsmalltrees shack(n.): Am. a small house
14、 or cabin that is crudely built and furnished; shanty chink(v.): closeupthechinksin,thigh(n.): part of the leg in man and other vertebrates between thekneeandthehip; regionofthethighbone, orfemur chaos(n.): extremeconfusionordisorder,lean-to(n.): ashedwithaone-sloperoof, theupperendoftheraftersresti
15、ngagainst anexternalsupport, such as trees or the wall of a building,warp(v.): bend,curve or twistoutofshape; distort strand(n.): anyofthebundlesofthread, fiber, wire, etc. that are twisted together to form alength of string, rope, or cable,barbedwire(n.):Am. strands of wire twisted together with ba
16、rbs at regular, close intervals, used for fencing or military barriers,patois(n.): Fr. aformoflanguage, differingfromtheacceptedstandard, as a provincial orlocaldialect,obscenities(n.): pl. offensive, repulsive remarks orideas herring(n.): anyofafamily ofbonyfishes, includingherring, shad, etc.,lard
17、(n.): the melted fat of hogs (esp. the inner abdominalfat) bruise(n.): injure the surface or the outside of so that there is spoilage, abrasion, denting, etc.,brawl(n.): arough，noisyquarrelorfight sporadic(adj.): notconstantorregular tuberculosis(n.): 结核,grimy(adj.):coveredwithorfullofgrime; verydir
18、ty flare(v.): showsuddenincreasedheat，angerorviolence (up) dickens(interj.): colloq. devil; deuce,contagious(adj.): spread by direct or indirect contact (saidofdisease) nit(n.): theeggofalouse, orsimilarinsect,cameo(n.): a carving in relief on certain stratified gems or shells so that the raised des
19、ign, often a head in profile, is usually in a different color from the background,mauve(adj.): palepurple stifle(v.): suppress; repress; holdback; check muse(v.): thinkdeeplyandatlength,miraculously(adv.): likeamiracle austere(adj.):veryplain; lacking ornament or luxury,filigree(n.): adelicate, lace
20、like ornamental work of intertwined wire of gold, silver, etc.,spruce(n.):云杉 fern(n.): 蕨类植物,raspberry(n.):覆盆子，树莓 miniature(adj.): onordoneonavery small scale; diminutive; minute,tame(adj.):changedfromawild state, domesticated state, as animals trained for use bymanoraspets moose(n.): the large anima
21、l of the deer family, nativetotheN. America antler(n.): thebranched, deciduous horn of animal of the deer family,fissure(v.): breakintoparts; crackorsplitapart meticulously(adv): extremelyorexcessivelycarefullyaboutdetails, finically tote(v.): Am. colloq. carryorhaul, esp.inthearmsorontheback,scuff(
22、v.): scrape (theground, floor, etc.) withthefeet bizarre(adj.): oddinmanner, appearance,etc.; grotesque; queer; fantastic; eccentric prophetess(n.): afemaleprophet,mpart(v.): makeknown; tell; reveal whippoorwill(n.):北美夜鹰 coyote(n.): (产于北美西部大草原的)小狼，郊狼，丛林狼,lore(n.): knowledgeoflearning; specifically,
23、all the knowledge of a particular group or havingtodowitha particular subject, esp. that of a traditional nature dogged(adj.): notgivinginreality; persistent; stubborn,amber(n.): abrownish-yellow translucent color 琥珀色 ululate(v.): wail, lament,aeon(n.): (=eon) anextremelylong, indefiniteperiodoftime
24、, thousands and thousands ofyears; abillionyears,chipmunk(n.): 金花鼠（北美产的一种小松鼠），豹鼠 birch(n.): 桦木 immerse(v.):plungeintoaspecifiedstate; absorbdeeply; engross,jukebox(n.): acoin-operated record playerusedinrestaurants, bars, etc. chrome(n.):铬;铬合金,astound(v.): bewilder with sudden surprise; astonish gre
25、atly; amaze,stolid(adj.): having or showing no emotion or sensibility; impassive carmine(n.): a red or purplish-red pigment obtained mainly from cochineal frizzily(adj.): frizzly, full of covered with small, tight curls,perm(v.): colloq. give a permanent wave to teeter(v.): totter; wobble; waver jer
26、kwater(adj.): colloq. small and unimportant,confide(v.): tellortalkaboutasasecret blur(v.): makeorbecomedimordull despise(v.): look down on with contempt and scorn,classy(adj.): slang first-class, esp. in styleormanner; elegant; fine perturb(v.): causetobealarmed, agitated, orupset; disturbortrouble
27、greatly gauche(adj.): Fr. lacking grace, esp. social grace; awkward; tactless,slattern(n.):womanwhoiscarelessand sloppyinherhabits, appearance, work, etc. brew(n.): a beverage that has been brewed,getmixedupinsth.: (infml) become involved in or connected with sth. Idontwanttogetmixedupinyouraffairs,
28、hitout(atsb./sth.):attacksb./sth. vigorously orviolentlywithwordsorblows Inarousingspeechthe President hit out against thetradeunion,flareup:(ofanillness) recur or show suddenburstoflight, angerorviolence Heflaresupattheslightestprovocation Mybacktroublehasflaredupagain,winhandsdown: (infml.) wineas
29、ily, by a large margin Thelocalteamwonhandsdown,setabout:startdoingsth. Idontknowhowtosetaboutthisjob.,. Explanation of the Text,1. with a faceunfamiliar with laughter. who looked deadly serious, never laughed.,2. Sometimes old Jules,in a Saturday-night brawl. Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus
30、 would get involved in a rough, noisy quarrel or fight on a Saturday night after much drinking of liquor.,3. Her attendance schoolwork negligible. She often missed her classes and had little interest in schoolwork.,4. She existed for meembarrassing presence. I only knew her as a person who would mak
31、e other people feel ill at ease. As far as I am concerned, her presence would only make other people feel ill at ease / uncomfortable.,5. She dwelt within my scope of vision. She lived and moved somewhere within my range of sight (Although I saw her, I paid little attention to her.),6. If it comes t
32、onits or not. If my mother had to make a choice between Grandmother Macleod and Piquette, she would certainly choose the latter without hesitation, no matter whether the latter had nits or not.,You could look out the window the sun caught it. 从别墅的窗外往外看，透过一层云杉树叶织成的丝帘，可以看见碧绿的湖面在太阳的映照下波光粼粼。,7. Her defi
33、ant face,terrifying hope. Normally, she was a defensive person, and her face was guarded as if it was wearing a mask. But when she was saying this, there was an expression of challenge on her face, which, for a brief moment, became unguarded and unmasked. And in her eyes there was a kind of hope whi
34、ch was so intense that it filled people with terror.,8. she looked like a messany old how. She looked a mess, to tell you the truth; she was a dirty, untidy woman, dressed in a very careless way.,9. She was upof course. She was brought in court several times, because she was drunk and disturbing the
35、 public peace , as one could expect.,. Division of the Text,PartI.Paras1-2 Introductionofthenovel,when,where,who,etc.Thegeneralbackground. PartII.Para.3-70 Thewholestory PartIII.Para.71-75 Analogy,Section1.Para.3-15 IntroducingPiquette. Section2.Para.16-47 DaystogetherwithPiquetteatDiamondLake Secti
36、on3.Para.48-62 SecondmeetingwithPiquetteseveralyearslater Section4.Para.63-70 Piquettesdeath,Summary,. The Writing Style,a realistic depiction which renders an objective rather than an idealized view of the marginalized ethnics lyricism of language/the description of the setting colloquialism and id
37、ioms/the dialogues between characters,its symbolism the parallel of the loons and Piquette the loons sing only at night Piquete hides her feelings and wishes from others the humans destroying the loons natural habitat the invasion of the Indians territory,The birds become familiar with a new environ
38、ment near their invaders and have the chance to adapt to it. Piquette marries a white man and has the chance to start a new life. the birds chance fails Piquette attempt fails,Their old way has been destroyed by the new comers. The loons disappear as nature is ruined by civilization. Piquette can no
39、t succeed in finding her position in this white-dominating society and dies.,Analogy: The comparison of two things, which are alike in several respects, for the purpose of explaining or clarifying some unfamiliar or difficult idea or object by showing how the idea or object is similar to some famili
40、ar one.,Analogy of the loons and Piquette,Analogy of the loons and Piquettes characters,. Rhetorical Devices,Simile Grandmother MacLeod, her delicately featured face as rigid as a cameo (para 12). At night the lake was like black glass with a streak of amber which was the path of the moon (para 39).
41、,Metaphor Through the filigree of the spruce trees (Para 17) It seemed to me daughter of the forest, a kind of junior prophetess of the wilds (para 22),Metonymy Plaintive, and yet with a quality of chilling mockery, those voices belonged to a world separated by aeons from our neat world of summer co
42、ttages and the lighted lamps of home (para 40).,Hyperbole dresses that were always miles too long (para 3).,Personification Two grey squirrels were still there, gossiping (para 17),Transferred epithet My brother meticulously turning it round and round in his small and curious hands (Para 17). I was
43、ashamed, ashamed of my own timidity, the frightened tendency to look the other way (Para 58).,Analogy Perhaps they had been unable to find such a place .having ceased to care any longer whether they lived or not.,Exercises,. Exercises,Oral Presentation Make a five-minute presentation in class based
44、on your research or close reading of the text. Suggested topics: Margaret Laurence Sum up the story of Piquette in your own words Symbolism, in “The Loons”,READ, THINK AND COMMENT Below are the first few paragraphs from the short story “How I Met My Husband” by the Canadian writer Alice Monro. Read
45、the passage and be prepared to respond to the questions: Where did the story take place? What happened at the beginning of the story? Who is the story narrated by? What can you infer about the narrator?,The story took place in the countryside. The story began by describing how a small plane painted
46、red and silver landed across the road where the fairgrounds used to be. The spot was near the house of the Peebles and so they heard the loud sound of landing. The narrator was a young girl who worked as a maid for the Peebles.,She came from a farmers family and dropped out of high school because of
47、 poor performance. Mr. Peebles, who was an animal doctor, met her at her home when he was helping her fathers cow deliver twins, and thought she was a clever girl and could be a help to his wife who kept house and looked after two children. The narrator was fifteen then and it was her first time away from home.,