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1、巧解短文改错1.注重语篇，整体把握。 短文改错中的错误设置是以语篇为依托的，而不是孤立地存有于一个个的单句中，所以在做题时应以全文语篇为背景，快速通读全文，理解大意，把握情节脉络的发展。尤其要注意发现行文逻辑错误和时态的错误。2.句行兼顾， 综合分析 短文改错的错误设置以行为单位，所以改错过程中必须做到行行把关，好不疏漏。但是须铭记，纠错时要以一个完整的句子为单位。因为一行一句的情况很少，有时一个句子会占用两行甚至三行的空间，所以上一行的末尾及下一行的开头出现的错误往往易被忽视。短文该错要做好，常见类型应记牢；动词形，名词数，注意是形还是副；非谓动词细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑
2、错误须注重.冠词错用要注意，介词多少看清楚；切忌画蛇又添足.三：口诀详解：1. 动词形： 主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：(1). Do you know what subjects they study while they were at college?（studied）(2). It was a long time since I saw Tom at my uncles and I dont know where hes been these months. （is）(3). The number of passengers killed in
3、the accident were surprising. （was）(4). Going to bed early and getting up early are a good habit.（is）2. 名词数： 名词错误主要考查名词单复数错误。确定名词单复数的方法：看修饰语。可数名词前若有数词及many, a lot of, quite a few, one of, 等修饰时，要用复数。主谓的一致。可数名词前无单数修饰语，要用复数。例如：All the woman doctors in the hospital got a present on the eighth of March.
4、（women）3. 注意是形还是副：区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。连系动词后或名词前用形容词，修饰行为动词、形容词、副词、过去分词或整个句子用副词。例如：(1). Im sure well have a wonderfully time together.（wonderful）(2). Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.（Unfortunately）(3). Lucky, she had her mobile phone at hand（Luckily）4. 非谓动词细辨别：主要是不定式符号to的多余与遗漏，动名
5、词作主语和介词宾语时误用原形动词，现在分词与过去分词的误用,to的功能辨别，是介词还是不定式标志等。例如：(1). We must do everything we can help Lin Ping in his first year of teaching.（to）(2). People expect their electing officials to be honest. （elected）(3). Dr Tichauer has discovered that use the same tools all day long for many years will cause ser
6、ious illnesses. （using）(4). There was no more buses, they had no choice but to walk home. （being）5. 习惯用法要记住：主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识. 其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。 例如：(1). It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and （of）(2). We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. （of
7、）6. 句子成分多分析：注意定语从句错误；名词性从句错误；平行结构错误 例如：(1). They eager to know everything about China and （were）(2). In class our teacher spoke to us about the writer and his works which were still unknown to us all.（that）(3). It didnt matter that I would win or not. （whether）(4).He looked at the children playing u
8、nder the tree and feeling very pleased.（felt）7. 逻辑错误须关注：行文逻辑错误是短文改错中最难的一种形式。要识别和改正这种错误，必须通篇考虑，从全文以及句与句之间的逻辑关系上去判断是否有与全文或句与句之间的语境不一致的错误表达。常见的逻辑错误：代词错误；连词错误 ； 有时也在肯定意义和否定意义上设置错误。例如：(1). Mr. Johnson gave his friends, Mary and I, a tea party. （me）(2). Havent I made this clear that you mustnt spit everyw
9、here?（it）(3). We got on the school bus and which took us straight to the Peoples Park. （it）8. 冠词错用要注意：不可数名词表泛指，前面多冠词；专有名词前多冠词；单数可数名词前缺冠词;不定冠词a, an与定冠词the的误用以及固定搭配中的冠词错误等。例如：(1). The computer is an useful machine that can do many things for us. （a）(2). A great celebration was held in the Peoples Squa
10、re on the National Day. （去掉the）(3). Many people agree that the knowledge of English is a must in international trade.（a）(4). He failed but he wanted to try the second time. （a）9. 介词多少看清楚：介词错误有介词的遗漏、副词性和连词性词组前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中的介词误用等。例如：(1). Will you join in us if we decide to do the new experiment? （去掉in
11、）(2). Lisa was working as a secretary in a big firm for the first time I met her. （去掉for）(3). She goes to visit her parents in the country once in a month. （去掉in）(4). The discovery shes made in medicine is great importance to science. （of）10. 切忌画蛇又添足：受汉语的影响，句中用了多余的词，造成语义重复。主要有形容词副词比较级前用了多余的more，动词后接介词或副词造成语义重复以及句中使用多余的词等。例如：(1). We must study hard in order to serve for the people better in the future. （去掉for）(2). I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon. （去掉both）(3). Today I visited the Smiths - my first time visit to an American family. （去掉time）