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1、小升初英语复习要点归纳一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，加 -es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以 “辅音字母 +y ”结尾，变y 为 i, 再加 -es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以 “f或 fe ”结尾，变f 或 fe 为 v, 再加 -es，如： knife-knives5不规则名词复数：man-menwoman-wo
2、menpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feetfish-fishpeople-peopleChinese-Chinesepolicewoman-policewomentooth-teethJapanese-Japanese二、代词人称代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词(短 )名词性物主代词（长）我Imemymine你youyouyouryours他hehimhishis她sheherherhers我们weusourours你们youyouyouryours他们theythemtheirtheirs口诀：主格应该作主语，放在句子的开头;宾
3、格应该作宾语，放在动词介词后；形容词性的物主代词不能单独用，必须接名词或其他词；名词性的物主代词，单独使用就可以。如：I am a student.What is your name?His bag is on the desk. That one is not his.We can from America. We are friends.Let me help you.These shoes are nice. Try them on.They are drinking tea.三、动词1. be 动词： amisare2. 普通动词： havegocometakegetbuypasssi
4、tstandhavetalkwalkseecatchput 等。动词的变化形式：动词的第三人称单数、动词+ing 、动词的过去式（详见时态）3. 情态动词：情态动词can, must, should 后面直接用动词原形。如：I / He / She / They can sing.You should keep quiet in the library.You mustn t play with fire.Can you help me?第 1页4. 使役动词： have, make, let 后面直接用动词原形。如： Let me help you.Mother made Jim stay
5、at home all day.四、疑问词1. whatwhowhosewhichwherewhenwhyhow2. “ Wh-” questions: What are you doing? What colour is it?What time is it? What s the time?Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?Who s the man with a big nose?Whose bag is it?When is your birthday?Where is my ball pen?Why do you
6、 like summer?How many books are there in the school bag?How old is the young man?How much is the toy bear?How do you go to school everyday?五、形容词和副词bigsmalllittlelargetalllongshortfatthinoldnewyoungcleandirtywarmhotcoolcoldfastslowlazybusycheapearlylatehighlowtiredhungrythirstybeautifuldeliciousexpen
7、sivefavouritefriendlypopular六、比较级和最高级1一般在形容词或副词后+eroldertallerlongerstronger2. 多音节词前 +moremore interestingmore exciting3. 双写最后一个字母，再 +erbiggerfatter4. 把 y 变 i ，再 +erheavierearlier5. 不规则变化：well-bettermuch/many-more6. favourite 没有比较级和最高级如下表：形容词（原级）比较级最高级oldolderthe oldestnewnewerthe newestthinthinnert
8、he thinnestbigbiggerthe biggestheavyheavierthe heaviest第 2页earlyearlierthe earliestboringmore boringthe most boringdifficultmore difficultthe most difficultexpensivemore expensivethe most expensive七、介词和副词inonatunderin front ofbehindafteroveracrossintoout ofbesidenear next to八、 some 和 anyI have some
9、toys in my bedroom.Do you have any brothers or sisters?There are some books on the desk.Are there any books on the desk?九、时态（一）一般现在时，通常用“usually, often, every day, sometimes。”1一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。2一般现在时中，没有 be 动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上 s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。3在一般现在时中，句中有 be 动词
10、或情态动词时，否定句在 be 动词和情态动词后加 not ，一般疑问句将 be 动词或情态动词放在句首。4在一般现在时中， 句中没有 be 动词或情态动词时， 主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加 does+not (doesn ，t)一般疑问句在句首加 does，句子中原有动词用原形；主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (don ，t)一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。动词 +s 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加-s，如： cook-cooks, milk-milks2 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，加 -es，如： guess-guesses, wash-wash
11、es, watch-watches, go-goes 3以 “辅音字母 +y ”结尾，变 y 为 i, 再加 -es，如： study-studies（二）现在进行时be doing, 通常用“Look! ”“ now”.1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词 ing.3现在进行时的否定句在be 后加 not。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。动词加 ing 的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ing，如： cook-cooking2以不发音的e 结尾，去e 加 ing，如： make-mak
12、ing, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母， 双写末尾的辅音字母， 再加 ing ，如：run-running, stop-stopping（三）一般将来时be going to1 be going to 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。2肯定句： be going to + 动词原形，如：Jim is going to play football.否定句： be not going to + 动词原形 , 如： Jim is not going to play football.一般疑问句：把be 动词调到句首 , 如： Is Jim going
13、 to play football?第 3页特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语 +going to+ 动词原形？如：What is Jim going to do?疑问词当主语时：疑问词+be+going to+ 动词原形？如：Who is going to play football?will1表示将要发生的事。2肯定句： I will go to the zoo tomorrow.否定句： I will not (wont) go to the zoo tomorrow.一般疑问句： Will you go to the zoo tomorrow?特殊疑问句：Who will go to th
14、e zoo tomorrow?Where will you go tomorrow?When will you go to the zoo?（四）一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2 Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（ was not=wasnt） are 在一般过去时中变为 were。（ were not=weren t）带有 was 或 were 的句子，其否定、 疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样，即否定句在 was 或 were 后加 no
15、t，一般疑问句把 was 或 were 调到句首。3句中没有be 动词的一般过去时的句子否定句： didn t 动+词原形，如：Jim didn t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词 +did+ 主语 +动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑问词当主语时：疑问词 +动词过去式？如： Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如： pull-pulled, cook-co
16、oked2结尾是e 加 d，如： taste-tasted3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed，如： stop-stopped4以 “辅音字母 +y ”结尾的，变y 为 i ， 再加 -ed，如： study-studied5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-ma
17、de, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 十、 There be 句型1. 单数 可数名词There is an apple on the plate.Is there an apple on the plate?There isn t an apple on the plate?2. 复数 可数名词There are some apples on the table.Are there any app
18、les on the table?第 4页There aren t anyplesap on the table.3. 不可数名词There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in the glass?There isn t any water in the glass.十一、祈使句1. 祈使句的定义祈使句是用来发出命令或指示，提出要求、建议、劝告等的句子。祈使句的第二人称主语you 通常不表示出来， 而是以动词原形开头。 例如：Be careful. 小心。Have a coffee, please. 请喝杯咖啡。 Dont worr
19、y. 不要担心。2. 祈使句的主语(1) 省略第二人称的主语Look out! Theres a car coming.小心！有车来了。Dont touch me.别碰我。(2) 祈使句如需要强调对方时，亦可把you 说出来。You be quiet!你们安静！Dont you open the door. 你不要开门。(3) 祈使句亦可用第三人称作主语。Somebody open the door.（注意：要用动词原形）来个人把门打开。Henry read the poem first.（注意：要用动词原形）亨利先读这首诗。Parents with children go to the fr
20、ont.带孩子的家长到前面去。Dont anybody open the door. （注意：要用dont 而不是用 doesnt）谁也不要开门。3祈使句的肯定与否定（1）肯定：a. 动词多数的祈使句是以动词原形开头的Look right.Look left.Stand up.Sit down.Keep silence.Help!Close the door.Let me try.Let me see.Let s go.b. 形容词 +表语Be quiet.Be quick.Be careful.Be seated.Be on time.Have a cup of tea, please.（2
21、）否定：a. Don 动t+词原形Don t walk.Dont litter.Don t touch.Don t move.Don t cry.Don t worry.Don t run.Don t write.Don t make noise in class.Don t hit other children.Don t climb the trees.b. Don t + be动词+ 表语Don t be late.Donbet nervous.c. No + 名词或动名词No swimming.No parking.No food.No smoking.第 5页No cameras.N
22、o bikes.祈使句的否定形式一般是在谓语动词前加上do not 或 dont （口语中），有时也可用never。若祈使句有主语，否定词dont 或 never 要置于主语之前。Do not come in unless asked. 非请莫入。Dont you believe it. 决不要相信它。Dont anyone make any noise. 谁也不要吵吵闹闹。Never be late again next time.下一次千万不要再迟到了。4. 祈使句：不同的口气Would you kindly open the door?（最客气）Will you please open
23、the door?（客气）Please open the door.（客气）Open the door, will you?（客气）Just open the door.（对熟人的要求）Open the door.（略带命令口气）Open the door, you? （傲气十足）5. 祈使句：强调可以在祈使句的动词原形之前加上do 表示强调。Do be honest. 一定要诚实。Do be quiet a moment. 一定要安静一会儿。Do let me go. 一定让我去吧。Do tell me the reason. 务必告诉我理由。6. 祈使句：其他表达法Patience! 要有
24、耐心！（名词）Hands up! 举起手来！（名词）Bottoms up!干杯！（名词）After you!您先请！（介词短语） Quickly!快！（副词）十二、必背句型What is your name?My name is Li Ming.How old are you?I m twelve (years old).How are you?I m fine, think you.What are you doing (now)?I am watching TV.What are you going to do tomorrow?I am going to play football.Wh
25、at will she do next?She will go shopping.What did you do yesterday?I saw a film.What colour is it?It is pink.What time is it? = What s the time?It s 7 o clock.What your favourite subject?第 6页English is my favourite subject.Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?The yellow one.Which sea
26、son do you like best?I like summer, because I can swim.Who s the man with a big nose?He is my uncle.Whose bag is it?It s my mother s.Whose socks are these?They are Jimmy s.When is your birthday?My birthday is December, 12th.Where is my ball pen?It is in your pencil case.Why do you like summer?Beacau
27、se I can eat ice cream.How many books are there in the school bag?There are five books in my bag.How old is the young man?He is 70 years old.How much is the toy bear?It is 20 yuan.How do you go to school everyday?I go to school by bus everyday.Linlin is good at drawing./ Charle is not good at dancin
28、g.Jim is tall. Tom is taller than Jim. Sam is the tallest in our class.Betty dances well. Amy dances better than Betty. Sally dances best.There are four seasons in a year, spring, summer, autumn and winter.I like bananas. / I like running.It s time to go home.It s time to go to school. = It s time f
29、or school.Excuse me.You are welcome. = That all right.Nice to nice you. = Nice to see you.打电话：Who is that?This is Tom (speaking).Exercises:Be 动词用 am, is, are 填空（不需要的用“/表”示）。My grandma _ a doctor.Xiao Ming _ twelve years old. He _ tall and thin.Lucy and Lily _ twins.第 7页There _ an eraser in the penci
30、l-case.There _ bananas on the table.There _ a book and three pencils on the desk.There _ a banana and some pears in the fridge._ you a policeman?No , I _ not._ she a student?Yes, she _.Who _ they?They _ my classmates, Wang lin and Zhang Jun.It _ 8 o clock.What day _ it today?It _ Tuesday.PE _ my fav
31、ourite class.This _ a yellow dress.These _ my old clothes.ILi Lei. SheLucy. She and Igood friends.Whatthese over there? Oh, theymy sweaters.your book red? Yes, it.your book and pen red? No, theynot.your books red? Yes.My clothesblue. Hisyellow.Lucy and Lilytwins. TheyAmerican. Theylook the same.Miss
32、 Gaoour English teacher. Shehas a son.His nameSun Huimin. Hein our class.The students of Class Threeon the hill now.a,an,the,some,any一、用 a,an 或 the 填空（不需要的用“/表”示）：This isAnn. She hasapple. It s red apple.Can you seeteacher in the classroom? Which one?Where istescher s desk? It s nearwindow.We can fi
33、nd“ f ” in the word“ family”.What stime? It sfour o clock.Who sman inPicture One?Where scat? It s under table.Don t look atme. Look atteacher.students of Class One are playingfootball.It s seven twenty inmorning. It s time to go to school.Li Lei is athome. He wants to go toclassroom.What colour isbi
34、rd? It s white. It swhite bird.二、用 a, an, some 或 any填空。This is _ eraser.It s _ interesting movie.The race had_ exciting finish.第 8页My friend John is _ engineer and his wife Susan is _ teacher. They havetwo daughters, Anna and Christine. They are not childern. Anna is _ air hostess andChristineis _ h
35、airdresser. Anna has _ Italiancar, but Christinehas_ Englishbicycle.They don tlivewiththerir parents: they have _apartment. It is _ very nice apartment.Do you have _ smaller trousers? No , we don t. But we have _ shorts.There is _ tea here, but is there _ sugar in that tin? No, there it s _ sugar in
36、 this tin.Are there _ biscuits in the cupboard? There were _ here yeaterday, but there aren t _ here now.Good morning, Mrs. What would you like? I d like _ meat.Ok. The beef is nice, too. Would you like _? No, thanks. My husband doesn t like beef.Would you like a cup of tea?Yes, please.Would you lik
37、e _ milk in it?No, thanks.There are _ apples in the basket.There aren t _ books in the backpack.Are there _ tomatoes in the fridge?Yes, there are.Is there _ water in the bottle? No, there isn t _ in the bottle.There is _ juice in the glass.代词练习一、选择：1. _ am wearing a white coat.(I / me)2. These green
38、 shoes are nice. I like _. (they / them)3. Look! There are some rabbits. Oh! _ are so cute. ( they / them)4. Ann is a good student. _ is good at English. Her teacher likes _. (she / her)5. Look! Some boys are playing football. Who is the boy in the green T-shirt?_ is Robert. _ is my good friend. ( h
39、e / him) 6. Can _ help you? (I / me)7. Give _ the book, please. (I / me)8. I like these shorts. How much are _? _ 20 yuan. (they / them)9. Can _ see the cap? (you / him)10. What size do _ want? (you / she)11. I like this tie. How much is _? (it / its)12. _ name is Lily. (I / my)13. _ mother is a doctor. (her / she)第 9页