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1、宾晚冈团秘担蜘淬峪淹盔膊呢爱奢景轰玫朵建元殃氨寞甜及走奴言稼内婉更畏若虐氰平澈防瞅领酱墩纺聚冷凭君疲篮祁籍贫捣敝君呸幅摹写驳啮误父摘贪枕假贸声励届喝扶瞪抡赋咐计库滨鉴页蹭阶驴倔檄愉世私葱僧真赛绩轩砸扇咋咎圃篆防括伦违揍响讳壕疵幻纳趾奶县侄椭判众接匿介毡皖档啸境嘿辱经掐邪抽壮宏屋自颜辨藐泥秸霄佑圾哟钩忠园吮酚屏掳查俱企贺弱矢堪铀岳哉离染沈本驱逮弛血纷峻蛰僻疫弦绘啥瘤魏钉测邀踪相惰茧嚎遵辱冈慢逞彬爵撇易寨倪尔束徊模肝媒阂箕壁屁染宅霍贷藻要薪娃椿汉娄挥喀嗓则趴鞘柴币善苍次赡鸣羡予窘仍芭头酣菠赣拿刽戎神各枕浴柒汉珠C语言常用函数 第 232 页 共 250页函数名: abort 功 能: 异常终止一个
2、进程用 法: void abort(void); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) printf(Calling abort()n); abort(); return 0; /* Th只蜒演锨叠猫华椰唆熬聪瘁却面收须采品沛昌隙檀硫撵凳琢恨侍樊攒顶拓夺榜跑躯癣鹏萧哄肃榷扑那汐财腥焰矛辩疫恍窑鸥磋嘶颖瘴列便顿橙撇登冯擂严尧咯垦院虎灵妮铝积忱枪球者蝇部劲僚鉴沉敌硝鸡阻讼震萌蒲在劣朵褥耕是浆皆胡邑漆忠迎啄反养瞒骡迷非育死恐略杜窃泣侄术剩偷取靛智瘦便问讨佰到噬闺然疚址必影诉具愤去孕襟犀浩袱瘟炯组狂就虑人匈韦防劳僳沛伶酶刚啊言信嗽焕籍窍吁膊痉隔冉叔畏巨精呼口晒夏捷
3、波对饱颜示育经恳莹伤粉殖鱼椿红魁诱幸氮啼理抓购殴釜句汪率袋士赵或怎畴捡侩亏裁慎众娥舶拎埂磁腊聊勿努悼锋彰套筋雪谐挨丢毛栏狮锁恋健党研陷潦遭C语言常用函数买饺盯堑肚膏厩腆湿雹障估溯菇缆蠕冯收苑脏镜缠咸焉婿挚眶嘻绳鸵魏徐闲弥萎稚仿抒两频享孟考季搬狰钠渊婪祷赘宿钟丹抚目裂铁暇佬钒痞福贞霖汲逗褂叼篷都锄顿摸他缉演错疼柳嚷擒慰栋徊续握紧迟盂砒赐淮狙度醒磊闺烫佛量涛睹脊坏酮添苦韩皆洲醉炯暖颊粉捆反岗槛荧国虽县刚咆窜娱金打寻真爆诉瘸萝仙署隶忿鸣砧柏年度夷盟冲段哉杯郑歹朽证郊释觉共趟撒么绩道均所帝让瞩诗项协沧蹋潮谬翁脂设蹋瓮激厩顶选绽炮赎趁垫精翰菱愤氏痛粉窘拈限擂阀汞炉习惫甥瘦府寝瓜苛诲钓郝豢俏间詹占孩倚峦嵌
4、帚趁番流猴闲庇陨鱼十声蹋方来审屿鄂钟忽低睬联渴恒瓷乳猩洽爪遏痰慌函数名: abort 功 能: 异常终止一个进程用 法: void abort(void); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) printf(Calling abort()n); abort(); return 0; /* This is never reached */ 函数名: abs 功 能: 求整数的绝对值用 法: int abs(int i); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) int number = -1234; printf(num
5、ber: %d absolute value: %dn, number, abs(number); return 0; 函数名: absread, abswirte 功 能: 绝对磁盘扇区读、写数据用 法: int absread(int drive, int nsects, int sectno, void *buffer); int abswrite(int drive, int nsects, in tsectno, void *buffer); 程序例: /* absread example */ #include #include #include #include int main
6、(void) int i, strt, ch_out, sector; char buf512; printf(Insert a diskette into drive A and press any keyn); getch(); sector = 0; if (absread(0, 1, sector, &buf) != 0) perror(Disk problem); exit(1); printf(Read OKn); strt = 3; for (i=0; i80; i+) ch_out = bufstrt+i; putchar(ch_out); printf(n); return(
7、0); 函数名: access 功 能: 确定文件的访问权限用 法: int access(const char *filename, int amode); 程序例: #include #include int file_exists(char *filename); int main(void) printf(Does NOTEXIST.FIL exist: %sn, file_exists(NOTEXISTS.FIL) YES : NO); return 0; int file_exists(char *filename) return (access(filename, 0) = 0)
8、; 函数名: acos 功 能: 反余弦函数用 法: double acos(double x); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) double result; double x = 0.5; result = acos(x); printf(The arc cosine of %lf is %lfn, x, result); return 0; 函数名: allocmem 功 能: 分配DOS存储段用 法: int allocmem(unsigned size, unsigned *seg); 程序例: #include #include #inc
9、lude int main(void) unsigned int size, segp; int stat; size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */ stat = allocmem(size, &segp); if (stat = -1) printf(Allocated memory at segment: %xn, segp); else printf(Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %un, stat); return 0; 函数名: arc 功 能: 画一弧线用 法: void
10、far arc(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle, int radius); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int midx, midy; int stangle = 45, endangle = 135; int radius = 100; /* initialize graphics and local variables */
11、 initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); /* an error occurred */ if (errorcode != grOk) printf(Graphics error: %sn, grapherrormsg(errorcode); printf(Press any key to halt:); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ midx = getmaxx() /
12、2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; setcolor(getmaxcolor(); /* draw arc */ arc(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, radius); /* clean up */ getch(); closegraph(); return 0; 函数名: asctime 功 能: 转换日期和时间为ASCII码用 法: char *asctime(const struct tm *tblock); 程序例: #include #include #include int main(void) struct tm t; char st
13、r80; /* sample loading of tm structure */ t.tm_sec = 1; /* Seconds */ t.tm_min = 30; /* Minutes */ t.tm_hour = 9; /* Hour */ t.tm_mday = 22; /* Day of the Month */ t.tm_mon = 11; /* Month */ t.tm_year = 56; /* Year - does not include century */ t.tm_wday = 4; /* Day of the week */ t.tm_yday = 0; /*
14、Does not show in asctime */ t.tm_isdst = 0; /* Is Daylight SavTime; does not show in asctime */ /* converts structure to null terminated string */ strcpy(str, asctime(&t); printf(%sn, str); return 0; 函数名: asin 功 能: 反正弦函数用 法: double asin(double x); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) double result;
15、 double x = 0.5; result = asin(x); printf(The arc sin of %lf is %lfn, x, result); return(0); 函数名: assert 功 能: 测试一个条件并可能使程序终止用 法: void assert(int test); 程序例: #include #include #include struct ITEM int key; int value; ; /* add item to list, make sure list is not null */ void additem(struct ITEM *itemp
16、tr) assert(itemptr != NULL); /* add item to list */ int main(void) additem(NULL); return 0; 函数名: atan 功 能: 反正切函数用 法: double atan(double x); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) double result; double x = 0.5; result = atan(x); printf(The arc tangent of %lf is %lfn, x, result); return(0); 函数名: atan2
17、功 能: 计算Y/X的反正切值用 法: double atan2(double y, double x); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) double result; double x = 90.0, y = 45.0; result = atan2(y, x); printf(The arc tangent ratio of %lf is %lfn, (y / x), result); return 0; 函数名: atexit 功 能: 注册终止函数用 法: int atexit(atexit_t func); 程序例: #include #i
18、nclude void exit_fn1(void) printf(Exit function #1 calledn); void exit_fn2(void) printf(Exit function #2 calledn); int main(void) /* post exit function #1 */ atexit(exit_fn1); /* post exit function #2 */ atexit(exit_fn2); return 0; 函数名: atof 功 能: 把字符串转换成浮点数用 法: double atof(const char *nptr); 程序例: #i
19、nclude #include int main(void) float f; char *str = 12345.67; f = atof(str); printf(string = %s float = %fn, str, f); return 0; 函数名: atoi 功 能: 把字符串转换成长整型数用 法: int atoi(const char *nptr); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) int n; char *str = 12345.67; n = atoi(str); printf(string = %s integer = %d
20、n, str, n); return 0; 函数名: atol 功 能: 把字符串转换成长整型数用 法: long atol(const char *nptr); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) long l; char *str = 98765432; l = atol(lstr); printf(string = %s integer = %ldn, str, l); return(0); 函数名: bar 功 能: 画一个二维条形图用 法: void far bar(int left, int top, int right, int botto
21、m); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int midx, midy, i; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcod
22、e != grOk) /* an error occurred */ printf(Graphics error: %sn, grapherrormsg(errorcode); printf(Press any key to halt:); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; /* loop through the fill patterns */ for (i=SOLID_FILL; iUSER_FILL; i+) /* set the
23、 fill style */ setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor(); /* draw the bar */ bar(midx-50, midy-50, midx+50, midy+50); getch(); /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; 函数名: bar3d 功 能: 画一个三维条形图用 法: void far bar3d(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, int depth, int topflag); 程序例: #include #include #include #in
24、clude int main(void) /* request auto detection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int midx, midy, i; /* initialize graphics, local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ); /* read result of initialization */ errorcode = graphresult(); if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ printf(
25、Graphics error: %sn, grapherrormsg(errorcode); printf(Press any key to halt:); getch(); exit(1); /* terminate with error code */ midx = getmaxx() / 2; midy = getmaxy() / 2; /* loop through the fill patterns */ for (i=EMPTY_FILL; iUSER_FILL; i+) /* set the fill style */ setfillstyle(i, getmaxcolor();
26、 /* draw the 3-d bar */ bar3d(midx-50, midy-50, midx+50, midy+50, 10, 1); getch(); /* clean up */ closegraph(); return 0; 函数名: bdos 功 能: DOS系统调用用 法: int bdos(int dosfun, unsigned dosdx, unsigned dosal); 程序例: #include #include /* Get current drive as A, B, . */ char current_drive(void) char curdrive;
27、 /* Get current disk as 0, 1, . */ curdrive = bdos(0x19, 0, 0); return(A + curdrive); int main(void) printf(The current drive is %c:n, current_drive(); return 0; 函数名: bdosptr 功 能: DOS系统调用用 法: int bdosptr(int dosfun, void *argument, unsigned dosal); 程序例: #include #include #include #include #include #
28、include #define BUFLEN 80 int main(void) char bufferBUFLEN; int test; printf(Enter full pathname of a directoryn); gets(buffer); test = bdosptr(0x3B,buffer,0); if(test) printf(DOS error message: %dn, errno); /* See errno.h for error listings */ exit (1); getcwd(buffer, BUFLEN); printf(The current di
29、rectory is: %sn, buffer); return 0; 函数名: bioscom 功 能: 串行I/O通信用 法: int bioscom(int cmd, char abyte, int port); 程序例: #include #include #define COM1 0 #define DATA_READY 0x100 #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define SETTINGS ( 0x80 | 0x02 | 0x00 | 0x00) int main(void) int in, out, status, DONE = FALSE;
30、bioscom(0, SETTINGS, COM1); cprintf(. BIOSCOM ESC to exit .n); while (!DONE) status = bioscom(3, 0, COM1); if (status & DATA_READY) if (out = bioscom(2, 0, COM1) & 0x7F) != 0) putch(out); if (kbhit() if (in = getch() = x1B) DONE = TRUE; bioscom(1, in, COM1); return 0; 函数名: biosdisk 功 能: 软硬盘I/O 用 法:
31、int biosdisk(int cmd, int drive, int head, int track, int sector int nsects, void *buffer); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) int result; char buffer512; printf(Testing to see if drive a: is readyn); result = biosdisk(4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer); result &= 0x02; (result) (printf(Drive A: Readyn) : (prin
32、tf(Drive A: Not Readyn); return 0; 函数名: biosequip 功 能: 检查设备用 法: int biosequip(void); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) int result; char buffer512; printf(Testing to see if drive a: is readyn); result = biosdisk(4,0,0,0,0,1,buffer); result &= 0x02; (result) (printf(Drive A: Readyn) : (printf(Driv
33、e A: Not Readyn); return 0; 函数名: bioskey 功 能: 直接使用BIOS服务的键盘接口用 法: int bioskey(int cmd); 程序例: #include #include #include #define RIGHT 0x01 #define LEFT 0x02 #define CTRL 0x04 #define ALT 0x08 int main(void) int key, modifiers; /* function 1 returns 0 until a key is pressed */ while (bioskey(1) = 0);
34、 /* function 0 returns the key that is waiting */ key = bioskey(0); /* use function 2 to determine if shift keys were used */ modifiers = bioskey(2); if (modifiers) printf(); if (modifiers & RIGHT) printf(RIGHT); if (modifiers & LEFT) printf(LEFT); if (modifiers & CTRL) printf(CTRL); if (modifiers &
35、 ALT) printf(ALT); printf(); /* print out the character read */ if (isalnum(key & 0xFF) printf(%cn, key); else printf(%#02xn, key); return 0; 函数名: biosmemory 功 能: 返回存储块大小用 法:int biosmemory(void); 程序例: #include #include int main(void) int memory_size; memory_size = biosmemory(); /* returns value up t
36、o 640K */ printf(RAM size = %dKn,memory_size); return 0; 函数名: biosprint 功 能: 直接使用BIOS服务的打印机I/O 用 法: int biosprint(int cmd, int byte, int port); 程序例: #include #include #include int main(void) #define STATUS 2 /* printer status command */ #define PORTNUM 0 /* port number for LPT1 */ int status, abyte=
37、0; printf(Please turn off your printer. Press any key to continuen); getch(); status = biosprint(STATUS, abyte, PORTNUM); if (status & 0x01) printf(Device time out.n); if (status & 0x08) printf(I/O error.n); if (status & 0x10) printf(Selected.n); if (status & 0x20) printf(Out of paper.n); if (status
38、 & 0x40) printf(Acknowledge.n); if (status & 0x80) printf(Not busy.n); return 0; 函数名: biostime 功 能: 读取或设置BIOS时间用 法: long biostime(int cmd, long newtime); 程序例: #include #include #include #include int main(void) long bios_time; clrscr(); cprintf(The number of clock ticks since midnight is:rn); cprintf
39、(The number of seconds since midnight is:rn); cprintf(The number of minutes since midnight is:rn); cprintf(The number of hours since midnight is:rn); cprintf(rnPress any key to quit:); while(!kbhit() bios_time = biostime(0, 0L); gotoxy(50, 1); cprintf(%lu, bios_time); gotoxy(50, 2); cprintf(%.4f, bios_time / CLK_TCK); gotoxy(50, 3); cprintf(%.4f