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1、英语高三译林牛津版10 精品教案： unit2 （grammmar）Unit2PeopleonthemoveGrammarandUsageStep1:GeneralintroductionThegrammaritemsinthisunitfocusononeaspectofthestructureofanarticletheelementsofaparagraph.Youwilllearnthatparagraphsareusedtoorganizeinformationinanarticleandwhatisusuallyincludedinaparagraph.Itwillhelpyouw
2、riteanarticlebette r.Youareexpectedtoputwhatyouhavelearntintopractice. Step2 : Explanation:Introduction:Paragraphsareoneofthemajor“buildingblocks”ofgoodwriting.Theyareusedtoorganizeinformationinanessay,astoryoranarticle.Whenw ritingparagraphs,weusuallyincludethefollowing:1.Topic:sentences:Eachparagr
3、aphshouldhaveapoint.Thisisusuallyexpressedinatopicsentence,whichclearlystateswhatinformationtheparagraphwillgive.Notallparagraphshaveatopicsentence.Thisissometimesthecasewhen,forexample,aparagraphiscontinuingatopicintroducedinthepreviousparagraph,whichcontainedatopicsentence.Thetopicsentenceisusuall
4、ythefirstsentenceofaparagraph.However,inthefirstparagraphofanessay,astoryoranarticle,thetopicsentencemayoftenaninterestingfact,aquestionoraquotation.OlderAmericanareonthemove.2.Supportingsentences Thetopicsentenceshouldbefollowedbysentenceswhichhelpexplainorproveit.Fordecades,Floridahasbeenattractin
5、golderresidents. Infact,accordingtothen ationalpopulationsurveyconductedin2000,Floridawashometothelargestpopulat ionofpeopleaged65andolder.Thesentencesinaparagraphshouldbelistedinanorderthatmakessense.Wecanusetr ansitionstolinkeachsentencestothepreviousorfollowingones.Transitionswecanuseinclude fore
6、xample,forinstance,furthermore,first,second,third,ontheot herhand,howeverandalso.Floridaisapopularchoiceforthesepeoplebecauseoftheclimateandthestaterelativelyflatlandscape.However,asthenumberofolderAmericansmovingthereincreases,morechangesaremadetocatertothem.Forexample ,ambulanceresponsetimehasdecr
7、eased,andmanyhouseshavebathroomsdesignedforelderlyhomeowners,withthingslikewalk inbathtubsthatreducetheriskofslipsandfalls.3.ConcludingsentenceAparagraphshouldendwithonesentencethatrespectsthetopicinanewway.Wecanalsousetheconcludingsentencetoexpressafinalideaaboutthetopicortohelpintroducethetopicoft
8、henextparagraph.AcrosstheUSA,peoplearenoticingthesamething:youngpeoplewanttoliveincities.4.AhookReadthesecondparagraphunderthesubtitleof“Brightlights,bigcity”andidentifythetopicsentenceandsupportingsentencesinit.Whyaquestionisused atthebeginningoftheparagraph,andwhetherthequestion“wherearealltheyoun
9、gpeople”isthetopicsentenceoftheparagraphornot.Askthestudentstofindouttheanswerto thisquestion:therearealmostnoyoungpeopleinasmallMidwesterntown;theyhaveallmovedtoliveincities.Aquestioninsteadofanaffirmativesentenceherecancatchreader seyesandmakereadermoreinterestedinthetopic.Aquestionlikethisiscalle
10、dahoo k.Step3Exercises:1).ReadboththeinstructionsandPart1inthissection.Makesurethatyouknowwhatfunctionofatopicsentenceiswhatahookis.Then,readthetwoparagraphsinPartAandidentifythetopicsentenceforeachone.Answers:A1A2B2).Readpart2tolearnmoreaboutthesupportingsentencesandtheirfunction.Thenreadthet wopar
11、agraphsinpartAagainandpointoutthesupportingsentencesaswellasthetransitions wordsorphrasesinthem.3).Readpart3tounderstandwhataconcludingsentenceis.ThenreadtheparagraphinpartB.F irst,youshouldaddtransitiontocompletetheparagraph,andthenpointoutthetopicandcon cludingsentences.Answers:B(1)Atfirst(2)Then(
12、3)but(4)so(5)However(6)Finally(7)After4).Findout underline thetopicsentencesofthefollowingshortpassage:ANowmoreandmorepeoplehaverealizedhowserioustheproblemis.Ourgovernmentisdoingitsbesttotakemeasurestofightagainstpollution.Wevedoneagooddealofwork,butheresstillalongwaytogo.Wemustkeeponfightinguntilw
13、efindwaystoprotecttheenvironmentfrombeingpolluted,anddoawaywithpollution.Wearesurethatwellwinthebattle.Goodbye,waterpollution!BPlantingTreesDaycomesonMarch12everyyear.Doyouknowwhatcanwedotohelpontheday?InChina,PlantingTreesDayisonMarch12.Thisspecialdaybeganin1979.Onthatday,peoplecanplantmanytrees.An
14、difweplanttreesmore,wemustalsotakecareofthetreesbywateringthemuntiltheygrowuptobestrong.Indifferentcountries,PlantingTreesDaysareondifferentdays.LikeinIndia,PlantingTreesDayisonJuly1.Whydothepeopleplanttrees?Itisveryea sy.Becausetheywanttoprotecttheenvironment.Therearemanypeoplewhowanttoearnthemon e
15、yformonlycuttingdowntrees.Somoreandmoretreesarecutbythem.Butkindpeoplewanttopr otecttheenvironmentandmaketheairclean.Sotheyplanttreesasmanyastheycan.Alltheseactionsshowthatpeopleshouldpaymoreattentiontotheenvironment.Wewanttomakeitbetter,don twe?Sowemustplantmoretreestoprotecttheenvironment.So,every
16、one,ifyouwanttomaketh eairclean,pleasetryyourbesttoprotecttheenvironmentandplantmoretrees.CHowevermeanyourlifeis,meetitandliveit;donotshunitandcallithardnames.Itisnotsobadasyouare.Itlookspoorestwhenyouarerichest.Thefault-finderwillfindfaultsinpa radise.Loveyourlife,poorasitis.Youmayperhapshavesomepl
17、easant,thrilling,glorious hours,eveninapoor-house.Thesettingsunisreflectedfromthewindowsofthealms-houseas brightlyasfromtherichmansabode;thesnowmeltsbeforeitsdoorasearlyinthespring.Ido notseebutaquietmindmayliveascontentedlythere,andhaveascheeringthoughts,asinapal ace.Thetownspoorseemtomeoftentolive
18、themostindependentlivesofany.Maybetheyaresi mplygreatenoughtoreceivewithoutmisgiving.Mostthinkthattheyareabovebeingsupporte dbythetown;butitoftenhappensthattheyarenotabovesupportingthemselvesbydishonestm eans.Whichshouldbemoredisreputable?Cultivatepovertylikeagardenherb,likesage.Don ottroubleyoursel
19、fmuchtogetnewthings,whetherclothesorfriends,Turntheold,returnto them.Thingsdonotchange;wechange.Sellyourclothesandkeepyourthoughts.DLanguagelearningbeginswithlistening.Childrenaregreatlydifferentintheamounto flisteningtheydobeforetheystartspeaking,andlaterstartersareoftenlonglisteners.M ostchildrenw
20、ill “ obey”spokeninstructionssometimebeforetheycanspeak,thoughtheword“obey”ishardlyaccurateasadescriptionoftheeageranddelightedcooperationusuallyshownbythechild.Beforetheycanspeak,manychildrenwillalsoaskquestionsbygestureandbymakingquestioningnoises.EItisaproblemweneedtogetoutteethinto.Themeaningofa
21、worddependsonwhataparticul arpersonmeansbyitinaparticularsituationanditisclearthatwhatachildmeansbyawordwillchangeashegainsmoreexperienceoftheworld.Thustheuseatsevenmonthsof“mama ”asagreetingforhismothercannotbedismissedasameaninglesssoundsimplybecausehealsousesitatothertimesforhisfather,hisdog,oranythingelsehelikes.Playfulandmeaninglessimitationofwhatotherpeoplesaycontinuesafterthechildhasbeguntospeakforhimself,Idoubt,howeverwhetheranythingisgainedwhenparentstakeadvantageofthisabilityinanattempttoteachnewsoundsStep4:Homework1.Reviewthegrammar:Theelementsofaparagraph.