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1、2021年中考英语考前复习专项精练【语篇翻译类】题卷及答案解析2021年中考英语考前复习专项精练【语篇翻译类】题卷1.事物介绍Passage1Some people have to use public transport.Some dislike it and still some use it.1.If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go,there will be serious traffic problems on the road.Luckily, trains are a good form of publ
2、ic transport.British people use trains a lot.2.This is especially so for people who are travelling from London to Paris.Every day about20trains leave London.They travel at a very high speed and people feel glad that the trains take only2hours and 30minutes to reach Paris.3.坐火车比乘公共汽车或汽车快得多。This is be
3、cause people have to drive cars or buses very carefully and slowly for many reasons,such as speed limits and traffic jams.However,when you are travelling by train,the speed is almost the same and there is no traffic jam for a train.Besides,Londoners think taking a train is one of the safest ways of
4、travelling on the ground.4.火车在制造过程中进行了相当多的质量测试。More importantly,they will take many safety checks before they are used on the rail track.Whats more,trains in Britain are comfortable and provide fine services for their users.5.When you are on a London train,you will find that the train has comfortabl
5、e tables and seats where people can sit.They also provide food services and power plugs(电源插头)for personal computers or mobile phones.1._2._3._4._5._Passage1【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人经常使用火车作为他们的交通工具，因为他们认为火车是最安全的陆上交通，而且伦敦的火车提供了非常舒服的座位和优质的服务。1.如果每个人都有一辆车，并且开车他们想去的任何地方，道路上就会出现严重的交通问题。【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主句是“
6、there will be serious traffic problems on the road”，从句是“If everyone has a car and drives anywhere they want to go”，遵循“主将从现”原则。2.对于从伦敦到巴黎旅行的人来说尤其如此。【解析】这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是people，后面由who引导定语从句。3.Its much faster to travel by train than by bus or by car.【解析】本句是一个固定句型“its+adj.+to do sth.”。句中涉及比较级需用than；比快
7、：faster。4.Trains take quite a number of quality tests while they are made.【解析】这是一个由while引导的时间状语从句。主句中“Trains”为主语，“take”为句子的谓语动词，“quite a number of”作定语修饰“quality tests”，while引导从句。5.当你在伦敦火车上时，你会发现火车上有舒适的桌子和座位，人们可以坐在那里。【解析】这是一个含有定语从句的时间状语从句。从句是“When you are on a London train”主句是“you will find that the
8、train has comfortable tables and seats where people can sit”；在主句中又含有一个定语从句，先行词是tables and seats，后面由where引导定语从句。Passage2Each culture has its own taboos（禁忌）.Wherever you travel,never offend（冒犯）the local people.In France,you must speak French.Dont expect to communicate by speaking English.1.法国人以他们的语言为荣
9、。They dont like speaking another language instead of French at home.Dont rush while eating.2.If you eat your food quickly,French people will think you are impolite.The French also take great pride in their food,so enjoy what you eat.3.众所周知，法国午餐要持续三个小时！In Russia,you should leave home without a credit
10、 card:you probably wont find any places where you can use your credit card.Cash is the king.4.If you bring someone flowers,you should make sure the bouquets（花束）have an odd （奇数的）number.Even（偶数的）numbered bouquets are prepared for dead people.In India,dont complain about the food.You can just leave the
11、 food that you dislike,but dont offend the people who serve you food.5.Also people usually dont talk while eating in India.1._2._3._4._5._Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在法国、俄罗斯和印度这三个国家的文化禁忌。1.The French are proud of their language.【解析】这是一个简单句。以为荣：be proud of。2.如果你吃得快，法国人会认为你不礼貌。【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主句是“Frenc
12、h people will think you are impolite”，从句是“If you eat your food quickly”。3.French lunches are known to last for three hours long!【解析】这是一个含有固定搭配的简单句。众所周知：be known to.；持续：last for。4.如果你给别人送花，你应该确保花束是奇数。【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主句是“you should make sure the bouquets（花束）have an odd（奇数的）number.”，从句是“If you bring som
13、eone flowers”。make sure确保。5.此外，在印度，人们吃饭时通常不说话【解析】这是一个while引导的时间状语从句。Passage3Every year on15th October,over200million people around the world take part in Global Handwashing Day.1.But why do we have a day for something we do all the time?Well,research shows that not enough people often wash their han
14、ds with soap.2.Experts believe that this leads to the deaths of millions of people every year.Sidibe,a public health expert says soap isthe most beautiful invention in public health.3.用肥皂洗你的手可以减少疾病的传播。However,washing hands with soap does not happen as often as you might think.This is partly because
15、there arent enough resources（资源）in poorer countries,but its also because for many people,handwashing is simply not part of their everyday life. 4.要让人们改变他们小时候学到的习惯是不容易的。But this is what Global Handwashing Day wants to do.In2008,the Indian cricket team joined around100million Indian schoolchildren in
16、washing their hands to promote （促进）the first ever Global Handwashing Day.Every year since then,many different events have been held around the world.In2014,Global Handwashing Day was used in the fight against Ebola,a very serious disease,with events held in affected（受感染的）African countries.5.Today,lo
17、cal and national leaders continue to use the day to spread the importance of cleaning hands.The hope is that handwashing becomes a necessary part of peoples lives and improves the health of millions around the world.1._2._3._4._5._Passage3【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每年十月十五日是洗手日。进而介绍了用肥皂洗手的重要性，让更多的人学会用肥皂洗手。1
18、.但是为什么我们用一天的时间去做我们一直在做的事情呢？【解析】这是一个定语从句，先行词为something，后面的句子“we do all the time”为省略了that的从句。2.专家认为，这导致每年数百万人死亡。【解析】这是一个宾语从句。“that this leads to the deaths of millions of people every year.”作谓语动词believe的宾语。3.Washing your hands with soap can reduce the spreading of diseases.【解析】这是一个简单句，非谓语动词做主语。减少：redu
19、ce，疾病的传播：the spreading of diseases。4.Its not easy for people to change habits they learned in early childhood.【解析】这是一个固定句型“its+adj.+to do sth.”。小时候：in early childhood；习惯：habits。5.今天，地方和国家领导人继续利用这一天来宣传洗手的重要性。【解析】这是一个简单句。主语为：local and national leaders；谓语为：use；宾语为：the day，宾语补足语为：to spread the importanc
20、e of cleaning hands。local：当地的。Passage4If you plan to travel,please think about Todmorden.A small town in England is teaching the world how important it is to grow your own food.1.任何空地都用来种植水果和蔬菜。There are apples,pears,peaches here and there. Everyone can pick them for free.Eight years ago,a woman nam
21、ed Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden.She planted vegetables,knocked down the garden wall,and put up a sign saying,“Help yourself!”Today,Pam has completely changed the town.2.A new town has been born,which is called“Edible(可食用的)Todmorden”.Pam explained why she came up with the popular idea.“Its
22、 possible and positive.3.Many people know we have to change,but how to do that is a question.”So one day,she gathered（聚集）all the villagers together.4.他们决定立刻做些不同的事。They did it.Only a short time later,Todmorden became a big garden full of fruit and vegetables.In Todmorden,there is a saying:If you want
23、 to eat,youre in.But thats not all.There are more than700edible towns appearing around the world,from Canada to Mali.5.People change the way they think about food and protect the environment at the same time.1._2._3._4._5._Passage4【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一个能吃的小镇“托德莫登”。它是由Pam女士发起并建立，并且以“你想吃，你就进”作为座右铭。这不仅对世
24、界各地起到了积极的带头作用，而且对保护环境也是意义非凡。1.Any open space is used to grow fruit and vegetables.【解析】这是一个简单句。被用来做某事：be used to do sth.。2.一个新的城镇诞生了，叫做“可食用的Todmorden”。【解析】这是一个定语从句，先行词为town，后面是which引导的定语从句。3.许多人知道我们必须改变，但如何改变是一个问题。【解析】这是一个宾语从句，主语：many people；谓语：know；宾语：we have to change。句子的后半部分是but连接的一个简单句，表示转折。4.The
25、y decided to do something different at once.【解析】这是一个简单句。决定：decide to；不同的：different；立即at once。5.人们改变了对食物的看法，同时也保护了环境。【解析】这是由并列连词and连接起来的两个句子。第一个句子是定语从句，先行词为way，后面是省略了that的一个定语从句。think about考虑；protect保护。Passage5Now,we know that if we do not get enough vitamins,we are at risk of developing a number of
26、diseases.1.As a result,vitamin supplements(补品)are popular with people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the food.But medical experts have found small amount of them do nothing to improve health or protect against diseases.In fact,medical experts warn that taking too many of so
27、me vitamins can be harmful.For example,too much vitamin E can cause bleeding.2.People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors.As some vitamins can produce harmful side effects(副作用)when mixed with medicine.Experts,however,say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent diseases.3.知道自己缺
28、乏一种特殊维生素的人应该服用维生素补品。Some older adults,for example,may not have enough vitamin B-twelve.This is because,as people get older,the body loses its ability to take it from food.Also,people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the body makes this vitamin from sunlight.4.不同的维生素被发现在不同的
29、食物中。In fact,for most people,a balanced diet can reach enough of the vitamins our bodies need.5.So,it is important for us to eat a mixture of food every day to make sure that we get enough vitamins.1._2._3._4._5._Passage5【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们是否需要吃维生素补品，以及在吃维生素补品之前，应先咨询医生，也介绍了各种维生素分别存在于哪些食物中。1.因此，维生素
30、补品很受那些担心从食物中得不到足够的维生素的人们的欢迎。【解析】这是一个含有宾语从句的定语从句。先行词为people，后面是who引导的定语从句。在定语从句中，含有一个that引导的宾语从句，作谓语动词worry的宾语。2.人们应该和他们的医生讨论吃什么维生素。【解析】这是一个宾语从句。主语为People；谓语为should discuss；宾语为what引导的从句。3.People who know they are short of a special vitamin should take vitamin supplements.【解析】这是一个定语从句，先行词为people，后面是wh
31、o引导的一个定语从句。缺乏：be short of。4.Different vitamins are found in different foods.【解析】这是一个简单句。被发现：be found。5.因此，每天吃混合食物，以确保我们获得足够的维生素对我们来说很重要。【解析】这个句子前半部分是句型“its+adj.+to do sth.”；后半部分是目的状语。make sure确保。Passage6According to China Daily,Shanghai Jiao Tong University has carried out the experimental operation
32、 of thedriver-less minibus in Xuhui campus recently.1.The report said that the eight seat bus was to be used for campus service. Since May2nd,the buses have safely transported more than1,000passengers at the highest speed of15kilometers per hour.It was developed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and
33、a company that researches the automatic（自动的）driving system.2.Under the guidance of the cloud map,the bus can catch the passengers and take them to the station they choose. Passengers need to pay by scanning the QR code（扫描二维码）on the bus.3.徐汇校区内有四个站点。In the bus, passengers can use the touch screen or
34、the voice system to change the destination.4.这辆公共汽车不仅在天气晴朗的时候运转良好。It even can normally work when it rains or snows.Whats more, it is also good for the environment.It uses electricity instead of oil.The charging（充电）of five to six hours will ensure （确保）a whole days operation.The driver-less bus will m
35、ake our life more convenient and easier.5.There is no doubt that they will appear in more and more cities.1._2._3._4._5._Passage6【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了上海交通大学徐汇校区试行无人驾驶巴士这一消息及无人巴士的运行模式。1.报告说，八个座位的巴士将用于校园服务。【解析】这是一个宾语从句，主语为report；谓语为said，that 引导的句子作said的宾语。be used for用于。2.在云地图的引导下，公共汽车可以接到乘客并把他们带到他们选择的车站。
36、【解析】guidance引导；cloud map 云地图；take sb.to the station带某人到某个车站。3.There are four stops in the Xuhui campus.【解析】这是一个there be句型。遵循主将从现原则。站点：stop。4.The bus not only works well on fine days【解析】work well：工作状况良好。晴朗的天气：fine day。5.毫无疑问，它们将在越来越多的城市出现。【解析】no doubt毫无疑问的；appear出现；more and more 越来越。话题2咨询建议4Passage7D
37、o you dream of growing up quickly so you can spend your own money?Do you want to make some money by yourselves?Collect soft drink cans(罐).1.你可以把饮料罐卖掉，用钱买一个新篮球上。At the same time,youll be keeping the environment clean!Sell used books.2.You may have some books that you have read but you dont want to ke
38、ep.Then you can sell them to make money.Make cards.3.If you are good at drawing,try making special cards for birthdays,either by hand or with a computer.Your friends may want them for special days.4.如果你们双方都同意的话，你可以低价卖给他们。Be a teacher.Want to be a teacher in the future?Start practicing now.Are you go
39、od at math or reading,or playing musical instruments?5.You can teach younger children how to get better grades or give them music lessons.What are you good at?What do you like to do?Make sure its safe and legal(合法的).1._2._3._4._5._Passage7【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文就如何自己挣钱提出了几点建议。1.You can sell the cans and u
40、se the money for a new basketball.【解析】这是一个简单句，用钱买篮球：use the money for a new basketball。2.你可能有一些你读过的书，但你不想保留了。【解析】这是一个定语从句，先行词为some books，后面为that 引导的定语从句。3.如果你擅长绘画，试着为生日制作特别卡片，无论是用手还是用电脑。【解析】本句为if引导的条件状语从句。从句为“If you are good at drawing”；主句为“try making special cards for birthdays,either by hand or wi
41、th a computer.”。4.You can sell them your cards at a low price if both of you agree.【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则。低价：at a low price。5.你可以教年幼的孩子如何取得更好的成绩或给他们上音乐课。【解析】这是一个含有宾语补足语的简单句。主语为you，谓语为teach和give，宾语为younger chidren，宾语补足语为“how to get better grades”和“them music lessons”。Passage8We often have practice for a fire at school,and we all know the danger of fires.1.因此，对于一个家庭来说，学习如何为火灾做准备是很