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1、交互设计（Interaction Design）（世毕盟留学）一、交互是个筐，啥都往里装交互（inter-action），从字面上理解，就是 A 和 B 之间的一系列动作和行为。比如，早上你出门时碰到邻居，冲 ta 喊一声“早”，ta 对你点头、微笑，说“早” 这就是一个完整的互动过程。当然，互动不仅限于人与人之间，还可以发生在系统和系统之间，比如人和机器，人和环境，机器和环境，等等。这可是个要命的问题：几乎在同一个次元的人和 “物”，都可能发生互动。当然，我们主要关注发生在对象和人之间，但这个范围仍然过于宽泛。界面上的一个按钮，是交互；卖披萨不给手套，是交互；想过马路对面却要走几公里穿隧道，
2、是交互下面这张图能加深大家对这个学科年轻而混乱的印象（交互设计大概在五点钟方向）：我所理解的交互设计，扎根于三大领域：人心理学机计算机/工程美设计二、身体跟不上灵魂（或相反？），于是有了交互设计交互设计虽然是个筐，但它的确是应需而生的。计算机问世以后，如何让它跟人打交道，一直很让人头疼。虽然 Geek 们发明了各种各样的“语言”，让人和计算机有了沟通的渠道，但是当时的机器毕竟能力有限，需要人付出极大的努力才能实现 “对话”。如何让人机交流更自然（当然是偏袒人类的），渐渐形成了一个学科。而随着计算机能力指数级的增长，计算机承担越来越多，而人需要投入的理解和使用成本则越来越小。当资源不再匮乏、实现
3、能力极大提升后，对体验的追求渐渐成为人们消费决策的首因。于是各种各样的产品和服务都开始重视去理解消费者/使用者，努力将产品和服务的体验改进到超出顾客预期。交互设计在其中便发挥了越来越重要的作用。时至今日的人机互动领域，随着机器类型和能力的爆炸式增长，技术越来越逆天，人与机器对话的“界面”越来越模糊以及无处不在，交互设计将迎来第三次大发展。越来越多相互连接的元件和机器，极大拓展了人的感知、采集和控制能力，人与环境互动成为可能。如何促成人与整个环境的互动，是未来几年交互设计的大课题。三、行为引导和设计对话为了便于理解，我们把任何两个系统之间的交互都看做“对话”（不仅包括语言，还有动作，肢体、表情，
4、图像变化，可感知的运动等等）。交互设计要做的事情，就是让两个系统之间更好地 “对话”。从广义上理解，设计的本质是“预先处理关系”，而从属于设计领域的交互设计，主要关注的是如何让人与系统更好地进行”对话”。也就是人在跟一个系统打交道时，他了解到哪些信息，他怎么做，感受如何。设计节点的“对话”人与系统的“对话”，往往发生在关键节点上。比如去ATM取钱，对话基本是在一块屏幕上进行，而且人和ATM对话的过程，是由若干节点组成的路径：* 你告诉ATM账号* ATM识别账号，问你要做什么* 你告诉ATM要做第一件事* ATM做第一件事并给出反馈* ATM问你要做什么* 你告诉ATM要做第二件事“”* 交互
5、设计处理的就是这些关键节点的“对话”，如何让双方（人，机）明白对方的意思、知道对方的进度、知道对方的困难并且解决也就是说，交互设计的是用户在使用一个系统/产品时所经过的“路径”，以及与系统/产品发生的“对话”。互联网产品界面交互设计回归现实，大箩筐【交互设计】中套着一个小箩筐【人机交互】，而最常见的“机”，就是每天都能见到的网站/客户端/app。互联网行业的交互设计，指的主要是这些界面的设计。那么，互联网产品界面交互设计具体做什么？ 定义用户特点、需求、目标 理清用户任务和流程 定义功能 整理信息/页面结构 提出设计方案草稿，制作原型，团队讨论 跟进设计和开发 跟进上线和迭代优化 无限循环四、
6、生活中的交互设计交互设计虽然不能吃，也是极有用的。但是要记得一点：好的交互设计，让人感觉不到设计的存在。通过下面约妹纸的例子，你应该理解什么是真正的交互设计了。从“对话”的角度理解约妹纸看电影的全过程，看看哪些环节可以下功夫去提升体验。1、第一阶段：约妹子是否喜欢看电影？喜欢什么类型的？最近上了哪些电影？妹子什么时候有空？妹子住哪里？可能会喜欢去哪些电影院？（用户调研）以什么理由提出妹子会觉得比较自然不尴尬？在什么场合下发起对话，为什么？需要制造这样的场合吗？（场景营造）在对话时，少使用封闭式句式，先回应情绪再导向事实，提供可能性并给出有助于决策的信息（对话引导）2、第二阶段：去约在什么地方碰
7、面合适？妹子知道在哪吗？过去方便吗？会用什么方式过去？人多拥堵吗？会在哪里等候？天气会不会出问题？需要先吃东西吗？妹子或你早到/迟到了如何回应？如何开启话题？电影院如何去？需要换票吗？去排队时让妹子干啥？开场前时间如何打发？要买零食吗？妹子喜欢吃啥？3、第三阶段：看进场时走妹子前面还是后面？太黑看不清怎么办？如何快速找到座位？两个位置让妹子坐哪个？领的眼镜要怎处置？包和零食放哪既好拿又不容易打翻？手机调静音了吗？看的是什么类型的电影？要在妹子泪目时准备好纸巾吗？身边坐了熊孩子怎么处理？4、第四阶段：回妹子看完电影是意犹未尽还是哈欠连连，该送她回家还是准备其他节目？如何讨论电影剧情？妹子怎么回家
8、方便？需不需要带些吃的回家？告别时说些什么？分开后再说些什么能增强两人的共同回忆，或是埋下下次约会的线索？一场约会包含了无数细节，妹子对你的印象就由这些细节一点点构成。虽然这些都是很自然的反应，但是用设计的角度去看，很多细节都可以提前考虑和优化，这样能让妹子感觉跟你在一起很舒服。好的交互设计，是让人感觉不到的设计 真正的体贴，是让人感觉不到的体贴啊 The following is a list of colleges, universities, and art schools which offerinteraction designprograms.UniversityCountryUn
9、dergraduate degreeGraduate degreeAarhus University, DenmarkDenmarkBA (Information Studies+Digital Design+IT Bachelor)MA (Information Studies+Digital Design+IT Product Development)Academy of Art University, San FranciscoUnited StatesBFA, 2nd BFA (Web Design & New Media+New Media Online Program)MFA (W
10、eb Design & New Media+New Media Online Program)Aegean University, Syros Island, GreeceGreeceBSc (Department of Products and Systems Design Engineering)MSc (Design of interactive and industrial products and systems)Aalborg UniversityDenmarkYes (1)Yes (2)Arizona State UniversityUnited StatesMSD (Inter
11、action Design) (3)Art Center College of DesignUnited StatesBS (Interaction Design)MFA (Graduate Media Design Program)Austin Center for DesignUnited StatesYes (Interaction Design and Social Entrepreneurship)Brandeis UniversityUnited StatesMS (User-Centered Design)Brunel UniversityUKMSc (Digital Desig
12、n and Branding)Brunel UniversityUKMSc (Digital service design)California College of the ArtsUnited StatesBFA (Interaction Design)MDes (Interaction Design), MFA (Graduate Design, Interaction track)Carnegie Mellon UniversityUnited StatesMDes (Interaction Design), Ph.D (Design)Chalmers University of Te
13、chnologySwedenMSc. (Interaction Design & Technologies)College for Creative StudiesUnited StatesBFA (Communication Design)MFA (Interaction Design)Copenhagen Institute of Interaction Design, DenmarkDenmarkNoYesCyprus University of TechnologyCyprusMSc. (Interaction Design (online)Danish School of Media
14、 & Journalism, DenmarkDenmarkBA (Interactive Design)Department of Design, IIT GuwahatiIndiaBDes (Interaction Design)MDes (Interaction Design), Ph.D (Design)Design Programme, IIT Kanpur, IndiaIndiaMDes (4) andPhD (5)Designskolen KoldingDenmarkBA (Interaction Design)MA(Communication Design)Digital Des
15、ign School, H-Campus, near VeniceItalyNoYesDrexel UniversityUnited StatesBS (Interactive Digital Media)MS (Digital Media)cole cantonale dart de LausanneSwitzerlandBachelor(6)Lcole de design Nantes AtlantiqueFranceMaster (Tangible Interface)Strate cole de DesignFranceMasters degree in industrial desi
16、gn, Major interactioncole Normale Suprieure de LyonFranceMaster Degree in Information ArchitectureEindhoven University of TechnologyNetherlandsBSc. (Industrial Design)MSc. (Industrial Design)(Human-Technology Interaction)Elon UniversityUnited StatesMA (Interactive Media)Emily Carr University of Art
17、and DesignCanadaBA (Interaction Design)Faber-Ludens Institute(Interaction Design)Georgia Institute of TechnologyUnited StatesMID (Interaction track)Gjvik University CollegeNorway(MSc Interaction Design)Haute Ecole dArt et Design GenveSwitzerlandMA (Media Design)The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHo
18、ng KongBA (Interactive Media)MDes (Interaction Design)IIT Institute of DesignUnited StatesMDes, Ph.DIndiana University (Bloomington)United StatesMS (Human Computer Interaction Design)Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay, IndiaIndiaBDesMDes, Ph.DInstrument Design Development Centre, IIT Delhi, IndiaI
19、ndiaMDesKent State UniversityUnited StatesMS (Information Architecture and Knowledge Management User Experience Design) (7)Kerala State Institute of Design(KSID)IndiaProduct ,Textile & Communication DesignKorea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyKoreaUniversity of Art and Design Lausanne(EC
20、AL)SwitzerlandBA (Media & Interaction Design)Laval UniversityCanadaMA (Matrise en Design Multimdia) (8)Lindenwood University BellevilleUnited StatesBA (Interactive Media and Web Design)Linnaeus UniversitySwedenLondon College of CommunicationUKBA Design for Interaction and Moving Image (imihub)Louisv
21、ille Center for Design Lindsey Wilson CollegeUnited StatesMaster of Arts in Interactive Design (9)Malm UniversitySwedenYes1 or 2 year Master (Interaction Design)Magdeburg-Stendal University of Applied Sciences, GermanyGermanyBAIndustrial DesignMAInteraction DesignMaryland Institute College of Art (M
22、ICA)United StatesMPS (User Experience Design)Maryville University, St. LouisUnited StatesBFA (Interactive Design)Massachusetts College of Art and DesignUnited StatesMFA (Dynamic Media Institute)Missouri State University, MissouriUnited StatesBS (Interactive New Media)Missouri Western State Universit
23、y, MissouriUnited StatesMA (Usability and Human Factors)Monash UniversityAustralia2 year MasterMaster of Interaction DesignNational College of Art and Design, Dublin, IrelandIreland1 year MA (Interaction Design)National Institute of Design, Research and Development Campus, Bangalore, IndiaIndiaMaste
24、r of Design (M.Des) in Interaction Design (10)New York University:Tisch School of the ArtsNew York University: Tandon School of Engineeringhttp:/engineering.nyu.edu/academics/programs/integrated-digital-media-msUnited StatesMPS Interactive Telecommunications ProgrammMS Integrated Digital Media with
25、specialisation in Interaction DesignOsnabrck University of Applied SciencesGermanyMA (Media & Interaction Design)OCAD UniversityCanadaDigital Futures: Graduate Diploma, MA, MDes and MFA (Media & Interaction Design)Oslo School of Architecture and DesignNorwayMA Interaction designNorwegian School of I
26、nformation TechnologyNorwayYesParsons The New School for DesignUnited StatesInteraction DesignMFA (Design and Technology)Philadelphia UniversityUnited StatesBA (Interactive Design and Development)MS (User Experience and Interaction Design)Pratt InstituteUnited StatesYesMFA (Interactive Arts)Purdue U
27、niversityUnited StatesMFA (Interaction Design)Quasar Design UniversityItalyDiploma triennale in Interaction DesignQueensland University of TechnologyAustraliaYesQuinnipiac UniversityUnited StatesBA Interactive Digital DesignMS Interactive MediaRoyal College of Art, LondonUKMA (Design Interactions),
28、PhD (Design Interactions), MA (Information Experience Design), PhD (Information Experience Design)Savannah College of Art and DesignUnited StatesBA (Interactive Design and Game Development)MA (Interactive Design and Game Development), MFA (Interactive Design and Game Development)School of Visual Art
29、sUnited StatesMFA (Interaction Design)Sheridan CollegeCanadaBAT (Interaction Design)Simon Fraser UniversityCanadaBSc, BA (Interactive Arts & Technology)MA, MSc, PHD (Interactive Arts & Technology)Southern University CollegeMalaysiaBDe (Computer Graphic Design)Stan Ackermans InstitutePDEng (User-Syst
30、em Interaction)Srishti Institute of Art, Design and Technology (http:/srishti.ac.in)Bengaluru, IndiaB.Des. Human Centred Design (http:/srishti.ac.in/programs/ug-professional-program-in-human-centered-design)M.Des. Human Centred Design (http:/srishti.ac.in/programs/postgraduate-program-in-human-cente
31、red-design)Stockholm UniversitySwedenBSc (Interaction Design)SUPSI, Master of Advanced Studies in Interaction Design (MAIND)SwitzerlandMaster of Advanced Studies (11)Syracuse UniversityUnited StatesTsinghua UniversityChinaBA (Information Design)Tunku Abdul Rahman University CollegeMalaysiaBCE (Multi
32、media Design)Ume Institute of DesignSwedenNoYesUniversiti Tunku Abdul RahmanMalaysiaBA (Graphic Design and Multimedia)University of AmsterdamNetherlandsBsc. Information ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern SwitzerlandSwitzerlandMAS (Interaction Design)University of BaltimoreUni
33、ted StatesM.S. Interaction Design and Information ArchitectureD.S. Information and Interaction DesignUniversity of California, Berkeley School of InformationUnited StatesYesUniversity of California, Irvine: Donald Bren School of Information & Computer ScienceUnited StatesYes (Informatics)University
34、of Cincinnati College of Design, Architecture, Art, and PlanningUnited StatesBS Design (Graphic Communication Design / Interaction Design Focus)University of Dundee, DJCADScotlandBScDigital Interaction Design (DIxD)MSc Product DesignUniversity of KansasUnited StatesYesUniversity of Limerick, Ireland
35、IrelandBScDigital Media DesignMSc/MAInteractive MediaUniversity Iuav of VeniceItalyYesUniversity of MiamiUnited StatesMFA (Interactive Media)University of Michigan School of Information, Ann Arbor, MIUnited StatesBS in Information (User Experience Design Path)MS in Information (User Experience Resea
36、rch and Design)University of OsloNorwayBSc(Informatics: design, use, interaction)MSc(Informatics: design, use, interaction)Universit du Qubec MontralCanadaUniversity of QueenslandAustraliaMIDesInteraction DesignUniversity of San MarinoSan MarinoMDes (Masters degree in Interaction Design)University o
37、f Southern DenmarkDenmarkBE (Interaction Design)MSc (IT Product Design)University of SydneyAustraliaBDesComp (Design Computing)MIDEA (Interaction Design and Electronic Arts)University of WashingtonUnited StatesBachelor of Design (Formerly BFA) (12)YesUniversity of WaterlooCanadaBGBDA (Global Busines
38、s & Digital Arts)MDEI (Digital Experience Innovation)University of Applied Sciences PotsdamGermanyBAInterface DesignMAInterface DesignUniversity of the Arts Bremen, GermanyGermanyBADigital MediaMADigital MediaUniversity of SaskatchewanCanadaBA & BSCInteractive Systems Design (BA & Bsc)University of
39、Technology of CompigneFranceMSc (User eXperience Design)Universidad IberoamericanaLic. (Diseo Interactivo)Universidad Icesi, ColombiaCali, ColombiaBA - Diseo de Medios Interactivos / Interactive Media Design (13)Virginia Commonwealth University BrandcenterUnited StatesMS in Business with a concentra
40、tion in Branding/ Experience DesignWinthrop UniversityUnited States有Yildiz Technical University, Art and Design Faculty, Istanbul, TurkeyTurkeyBA (Interaction Design)MA in Interactive Media Design+PhD in Art and Design, Special Interest Group on IxDZurich University of the ArtsSwitzerlandBA (Interac
41、tion Design)MA (Interaction Design)Istituto Europeo di DesignItalyBA (Interaction Design)HKU University of the Arts UtrechtNetherlandsBSc(Interaction Design)Southern New Hampshire UniversityUnited StatesBA in Graphic Design & Media Arts - Web DesignBS in Information Technologies - Web Design & Devel
42、opmentMS in Information Technology - Web DesignENTI (Universitat de Barcelona)SpainBA (Contenidos Digitales Interactivos)Tecnocampus(Pompeu Fabra University)SpainBA (Diseo y produccin de videojuegos)ArtEZ Institute of the ArtsThe NetherlandsBachelor of DesignNorwegian University of Science and Technology NTNUNorwayBAMA MS Interaction design14