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1、Section I Audio-visual Comprehension A. Video 1 Watch a video three times, and complete each of the following statements with the information from the video report. Manmade DNA and Synthetic Cell,1. Researchers say they have created _. 2. According to J. Craig Venter, the breakthrough technology is
2、significant because its a giant philosophical change of _. 3. J. Craig Venter is also one of the first people to _.,the first ever synthetic life form,how we view a life,decode the human genome,4. Man-made cells seem to have limitless potentials because they could be programmed to do everything from
3、 _ _. 5. Researchers hope this man-made DNA would _.,cleaning polluted water to powering your car,change the way we live,A. Video 2 Watch a video three times, and summarize the message by writing down 5 main points. Your summary can be either phrases or short sentences. Progress in the War on Cancer
4、,1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4. _ 5. _,A landmark report about progress in the war on cancer,An in-depth understanding of cancers,Examples of successful targeted therapies,Big challenges in cancer treatment and research,Expectation for better ways of prevention and detection,Theme Reading Comprehension Complete
5、each of the following statements in no more than six words according to the Theme Reading.,1. The treatment of Eisenhowers heart attack in 1955 shows that doctors could _ _ at that time. 2. When the author entered medical school, he was taught that medicine would be _ _. 3. The greatest changes in m
6、edicine and our understanding of disease are _ _.,do little for heart attacks,a lifetime of learning,attributable to technology,4. Other developments like _ _ and better organization of some services have also contributed to the care for many ailments. 5. In no time of earlier history has medicine a
7、dvanced more than _. 6. Increase in life expectancy is one of the gains _.,better nursing care, newer antibiotics,since World War II,brought about by medical advances,7. The in vitro fertilization technique introduced in 1978 has resulted in the birth of _ _. 8. Newly emerging diseases such as _ _sh
8、ow it is a sort of hubris to say that all diseases were known. 9. The causes of most ailments as well as the precise biological mechanisms of basic life events still _.,a million test tube babies,AIDS and SARS,remain to be known,10. Although doctors have learned a lot about diseases in the last half
9、-century, far more diseases need to _.,be treated more effectively,Section III Extension Reading Passage 1 Read the passage and fill in each blank with a suitable phrase or sentence from the list. Paying Homage to the Wisdom of Voices from Medicines Past,_ 1. _ 2. _ 3. _ 4.,A. It is really important
10、 to lay emphasis on reading about the subjective feelings of the patients B. Ten years later, the damaged valve became infected, and was slowly destroyed C. And 1966 effectively became Year 1 of medicine D. The diary would afford readers the unique experience of hearing what illness felt like,D B I
11、G,_ 5. _ 6. _ 7. _ 8.,E. But the people at the national library have a different opinion F. But he could barely sit still for the pain. G. It was also a story that, for a time, no medical student was likely ever to read again H. Perhaps the answer depends on ones definition of practical importance I
12、. A clump blocked a major blood vessel in the brain, causing a stroke.,C E H F,Passage 2 Decide whether the information following the passage is true (T), false (F) or not given (NG) according to the passage. And then translate the underlined sentences in the passage into Chinese. Medicines Progress
13、, One Setback at a Time,_1. What the dean said to new medical students means that half of what they learn in medicine is unbelievable. _2. Medicine is developing so fast that doctors and residents find it hard to keep up with medical progress. _3. New knowledge from research leads doctors to change
14、what they do in treating patients.,F NG T,_4. The use of beta blockers is an example of what was considered a good therapeutic option is actually a worse one. _5. American researchers spent less than eight years testing the effects of beta blockers on patients with heart failure. _6. Randomized cont
15、rolled trial was a sort of scientific examination which came into widespread use until the 1970s.,F NG F,_7. Thanks to the computer technology, doctors can practice “evidence-based medicine. _8. Progress is made in medicine in the way old ideas make room for new knowledge. _9. The patient who came t
16、o the authors office had been staying in the hospital for a week for an irregular heartbeat. _10. The patient was convinced that it was best choice to keep his heart in a regular rhythm without taking any medicine.,T T NG F,1. During that ceremony, the dean said something that was repeated throughou
17、t my education: half of what we teach you here is wrong unfortunately, we dont know which half.,在那次开学典礼上，院长说的一番话重现在我的整个教育过程中：我们在这里教你的一半是错的。但很不幸，我们不知道哪一半错了。,2. Medical progress right now centers on the rapid displacement of old ideas to make room for new knowledge. Medicine, always a fluid and dynami
18、c science, is in the midst of a major growth spurt.,目前的医学进步集中表现在迅速取代旧观念，为新知识留出空间。医学一直是动态发展的科学，正处于重大的发展过程中。,3. These rigorous studies, and their sometimes counterintuitive results, make up the headlines of medical journalsand sometimes daily papersannouncing essentially the death of one idea or the b
19、irth of another.,这些严谨研究，以及有时是违反直觉的结果，构成了医学期刊的头条，有时也成为日报的头条，这就从根本上宣告了一种想法的死亡或另一种想法的诞生。,4. It was technologythe computer, the Internetthat finally made it possible for the doctors in the trenches, doctors taking care of patients, to systematically practice what could be considered “evidence-based medi
20、cine.”,正是技术计算机、互联网使第一线的医生，即在医治病人的医生，能够系统地实践所谓的“循证医学”。,5. Every weeks journals and patients challenge the old knowledge and sometimes provide the new. Its how progress is made in medicine, one answer at a time.,每一周，医学期刊和患者在挑战着旧知识，间或提供新知识。医学进步就是这样取得的：一次一个答案。,Section IV Language Practice A. Medical Ter
21、minology Study the Prefixes, Suffixes and Roots in the following grid, and then provide the corresponding word based on word-building blocks and the given definition.,1. a very small drop of a liquid 2. treatment with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease 3. a disease causing painful infla
22、mmation of the joints 4. a person highly trained in a particular branch of medicine,droplet vaccination arthritis specialist,5. an act of taking something into the body 6. remove (data) from a computers memory 7. a doctor who specializes in the study or treatment of heart diseases and heart abnormal
23、ities 8. the study of bacteria,intake delete cardiologist bacteriology,9. lung inflammation caused by bacterial or viral infection 10. a disease characterized by inflammation of the liver,pneumonia hepatitis,B. Vocabulary Work Fill in the blank of the following sentences with a suitable word in the
24、box, changing its form if necessary.,1. From the hotel roof tourists can enjoy a _ of the whole city. 2. It was a cold house; the children _ up to their mother to get warm. 3. She is always ill, always has some little _ bothering her.,snicker snuggle inject confine immunization ailment panorama anci
25、llary insertion stroke diagnostic pandemic,panorama,snuggled,ailment,4. At the wedding ceremony, some guests were_ at the bride who was rather large and dressed in a tight pale pink dress. 5. Older people are advised to_ against flu in winter.,snicker snuggle inject confine immunization ailment pano
26、rama ancillary insertion stroke diagnostic pandemic,sniggering,be injected,6. Scientists hope that the _ of normal genes into the diseased cells will provide a cure. 7. The Centers for Disease Control has recommended an _ schedule that includes vaccines against chickenpox, measles and mumps.,snicker
27、 snuggle inject confine immunization ailment panorama ancillary insertion stroke diagnostic pandemic,insertion,immunization,8. The elderly woman suffered a _ which left her unable to speak and move. 9. By closing the infected farms theyre hoping to _ the disease to the north of the region.,snicker s
28、nuggle inject confine immunization ailment panorama ancillary insertion stroke diagnostic pandemic,stroke,confine,10. Beginning in September 1918, an unusually deadly influenza _ swept across the United States.,snicker snuggle inject confine immunization ailment panorama ancillary insertion stroke d
29、iagnostic pandemic,pandemic,C. Sentence Completion Complete each of the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, using the words and phrases in the box.,1. _ _(回顾过去半个世纪里的医学进步), we can now understand medicine is an evolving and dynamic science. 2. Quite a few people think that the
30、 desire for money is _ _ _ (世界上许多暴力的起因).,account for reflect on for all look back depriveof witness sophisticated at the bottom of be ignorant about be confined to stress the importance of,Looking back on the progress in the past half century,at the bottom of much of the worlds violence,3. The fact
31、that many teenagers _ _ (对吸烟有害作用令人惊讶地无知) is still a cause for concern. 4. No one can function properly if they _ _ (得不到足够的睡眠).,account for reflect on for all look back depriveof witness sophisticated at the bottom of be ignorant about be confined to stress the importance of,are surprisingly ignorant
32、 about harmful effects of smoking,are deprived of adequate sleep,5. The past thirty years _ _ (见证了巨大的变化) throughout the country. 6. Mike had a chance to _ _ (思考过去几周的事件) as he lay in hospital.,account for reflect on for all look back depriveof witness sophisticated at the bottom of be ignorant about
33、be confined to stress the importance of,have witnessed enormous changes,reflect on the events of the past few weeks,7. It is now known that the illness _ _ (不限于任何群体) in society. 8. Operations of this type often _ _ (涉及使用高尖端设备).,account for reflect on for all look back depriveof witness sophisticated
34、 at the bottom of be ignorant about be confined to stress the importance of,is not confined to any group,involve the use of highly sophisticated equipment,9. _ _ (尽管反复保证这种产品是安全的), many customers have stopped buying it. 10. Id like to _ _ (强调周到细致的重要) in preparation for this experiment.,account for re
35、flect on for all look back depriveof witness sophisticated at the bottom of be ignorant about be confined to stress the importance of,For all the repeated assurances that the product is safe,stress the importance of thoughtfulness,D. Passage Translation Translate the following passage into English.,
36、最近半个世纪里医学发展比以往历史时期里要快得多。医学上的进展不断地在挑战旧知识，为防治疾病提供新认识。,Medical science has advanced far more rapidly in the last half-century than in all of the earlier history. Advances in medicine are constantly challenging the old knowledge and providing the new for disease prevention and treatment.,医学永远不断地在提出、同时又在
37、推翻假设。已经得到控制的旧传染病死灰复燃，新出现的疾病给人类带来新的威胁，,Medicine is forever putting forth, and simultaneously upending, assumptions. The fact that once-controlled infectious diseases recur and newly-emerging diseases pose new threats to humans,这些都表明我们远非对疾病有了完美的认识。医学是进展中的动态科学，今天的认识或许20年后就是误识。,shows that our knowledge about disease is far from perfect. Medicine is an evolving and dynamic science and our conceptions about disease today may well be misconceptions twenty years later.,所以在医学上来不得任何自满和傲慢。,In medicine, therefore, there is no room for any arrogance or hubris,