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1、中考英语语法专项练习题及答案中考英语专项练习之主谓一致及直接引语和间接引语主谓一致英语中句子的主语要与其后的谓语保持一致，即 “主谓一致 ”。一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。【练习导航】 . 用适当的 be 动词或助动词填空。1. Every student _ got a book.2. The number of students in the school _ now rising.3. A number of boys _ playing basketball at the moment.4. There _ something else in the de
2、sk.5. Tom, together with his mother, _ gone to New York.6. The teacher with two students _ playing sports.7. This pair of trousers _ made by my aunt last year.8. Five months _ a long time to wait.9. Here _ some books.10. To clean the room _ your duty. . 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。11. When I got there, they eac
3、h _ (read) a book.12. Neither of us _ (like) the storybook.13. Everyone except me _ (go) to the cinema yesterday.14. A football team often _ (have) eleven players.15. No one but my parents _ (know) the truth.16. Jim s family _ (enjoy) watching TV after supper.17. What you said _ (be) quite useful to
4、 us.18. Look! The class _ (do) morning exercise on the playground.19. Twenty years _ (have) passed since he left his hometown.20. Three glasses of milk _ (be) enough for us. . 单项选择()21. Either Tom or I _ going there tomorrow.A. areB. isC. amD. be()22. Jenny as well as her friends _ swimming.A. are g
5、oing B. has goneC. were going D. have gone()23. No one _ swimming in such bad weather.A. likeB. likesC. liking D. liked()24. What _ the number of the students in your school? About two thousand. A number of them _ from the USA.A. is; areB. is; isC. are; isD. are; are()25. I hear one third of the boo
6、ks in Wuhu Library _ new. Letsome.A. isB. areC. wasD. were()26. Good news! There _ fewer people catching this kind of illness s borrownow.A. areB. isC. wasD. were()27. The news _ very interesting! Tell me more!A. isB. areC. wereD. was()28. I don t think it s good to drive eight hours without a rest.
7、 I agree. Eight hours _ really a very long time.A. hasB. isC. areD. am()29. Either Tom or she _ going to the party next week. One of themmust stay at home.A. areB. wasC. isD. be()30. This is my twin sister Lucy. Both she and I _ good at drawing.A. amB. isC. areD. be()31. Now the students each _ an E
8、nglish-Chinese dictionary.A. hasB. haveC. is havingD. are having()32. One of my friends _ already moved to London.A. doB. doesC. haveD. has()33. I think physics _ more difficult than Chinese.A. isB. areC. haveD. has()34. Not only Jim but also his sister _ a few cities since they came toChina.A. will
9、 visit B. has visited C. have visitedD. visited()35. Neither Jim nor his cousins _ to France, but _ of themknow the country very well.A. have been; allB. have been; bothC. has been; allD. has been; both【指点迷津】“主谓一致 ”最基本的原则是：单数主语用单数谓语动词；复数主语用复数谓语动词。但在实际运用中情况比较复杂，现将同学们常犯的错误归纳如下： each 作主语的同位语时，谓语动词由主语决定
10、。 half of, the rest of, most of, all of 及“百分数或分数 +of ”等后接名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于 of 后的名词。 all 作主语，常表示可数的人或物。作 “所有的人或物 ”讲时，谓语动词用复数；作 “一切 ”讲时，谓语动词用单数。主语后有 with, together with, like, except, but, as well as 等引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。 people, police 等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。family, class, group, team等集体名词作主语，若强调一个整体，谓语
11、动词用单数；若强调具体成员，谓语动词用复数。表示度量、价格、时间、长度等的复数名词或词组作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。由 Here / There 开头的句子，其主语不止一个时，谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致。“a number of +复数名词 ”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of + 复数名词 ”作主语，谓语动词用单数。直接引语和间接引语【练习导航】将下列直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。1.“ I am doing my homework,” she said.She said that _ _ doing _ homework.2.“ I haven t been th
12、ere before,” Susan said to me.Susan _ me that she _ _ there before.3.“ Lucy went to the park with her friends,” Lily said.Lily said that Lucy _ _ to the park with her friends.4. My geography teacher said,“ The sun is bigger than the earth.My geography teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the eart
13、h.5.“ I cleaned the room yesterday,” Tom said.Tom told me that he _ cleaned the room _ _ _.6.“ You can come here before five,” he said.He said that I _ _ _ before five.7.“ Tom repaired his car two weeks ago,” she said.She said that Tom _ repaired his car two weeks _.8.“ Did you finish the work last
14、week?” he asked.He _ _ I had finished the work the week _.9. She said,“ You can sit here, Jim.”She _ Jim that he _ sit there.10. He asked,“ When will you be back, Susan?”He asked Susan _ _ _ be back.11. She asked me,“ You went there that day, didn t you? ”She asked me _ _ _ _ there that day.12.“ Did
15、 you do your homework last night, Jack?” She asked.She asked Jack _ _ _ _ his homework thenight _.13. The old ma n said to me,“ Leave the window open.”The old man _ me _ leave the window open.14.“ Do you want to have a cup of tea?” Tom asked me.Tom _ me _ _ _ to have a cup of tea.15.“ Don t play foo
16、tball in the street, Mike,” she said.She _ Mike _ _ _ football in the street.”【指点迷津】直接引语变为间接引语时，需要注意以下变化：人称的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的主语的人称要遵循 “一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新 ”的原则。如下表：直接引语的主语变为间接引语后第一人称 与主句的主语一致第二人称 与主句的宾语一致第三人称 不变时态的变化直接引语变为间接引语时，间接引语的时态应进行如下变化：直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时现在进行时 过去进行时一般将来时 过去将来时现在完成时
17、过去完成时指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化直接引语 间接引语直接引语 间接引语地点状语 here there 时间状语 yesterday the day before 动词 come go today that day指示代词 this that tomorrow the next daythese those ago before注意事项1. 如果主句为一般现在时或将来时态，间接引语的时态不变。2. 如果在当地转述， here 不改为 there ，come 也不改为 go 。3. 如果在当天转述， today, tomorrow 或 yesterday 等不改变。4. 如果转述的是自然
18、现象、客观存在的规律等，间接引语的时态不变。Key ：主谓一致 . 1. has2. is3. are 4. is5. has6. is7. was8. is9. are10. is . 11. were reading12. likes 13. went14. has 15. knows16. enjoy17. is18. are doing19. has20. are21-25 CBBAB26-30 AABCC31-35 ADABA直接引语和间接引语1. she was; her2. told; hadn t been 3. had gone4. is5. had; the day before 6. could go there7. had; before8. asked if / whether; before 9. told; could10. when she would11. whether / if I had gone12. if / whether he had done; before13. told; to14. asked; if I wanted15. told; not to play