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1、小学音标教程,英语国际音标,小学音标教程,2,？,Ask and answer:,为什么要学习音标？,小学音标教程,3,？,tiger,tag,老虎,小学音标教程,4,1. 发音准确，说地道的英语 2. 拼读法记忆单词 3. 提高自主性，增加词汇量 4. 整体语感提高,小学音标教程,5,The Alphabet,小学音标教程,6,Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff,ei,bi:,si:,di:,i:,ef,b,i:,s,i:,d,i:,e,f,元音,辅音,i:,ei,b,s,d,e,f,小学音标教程,7,英语的音标和汉字的拼音一样，用来拼读的 拼音 =音标 韵母 元音 声母 辅音,小学音标教程
2、,8,音素和国际音标 1什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。 2音素的分类：元音和辅音。 3音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅 音音 素28个。 4什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。 5什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音 协会规定的一套音标，用来 记录世界各主要语言的语音。 7. 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e : name, bike, home, due, plane, shine b) 辅音+元音: he, go, hi, do, be, tree, three, hello 8. 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, m
3、ad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, out, ant 9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,小学音标教程,9,小学音标教程,10,1.音标必须写在括号里，常用的音标括号有斜头和平头两种，其上端不顶第一线，大致与大写字母相齐，下端在第三格的中 2.音标没有书写体，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一 样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下所列。 3.下面几个音标是最容易写错的，一定要注意：ai和au不要写成Ai和Au，A:不要写成a:。在打字的时候，不要用a来代替A,把A:打成a:，也不要用g来代替G，把GE:l打成gE:l。 4.音标没有书写体
4、，也没有大小写，因此书写时必须和印刷体一样，直上直下，没有斜度，其书写规格如下页所列。,音标的书写,小学音标教程,11,_,i u,ei ai u au i,i: i e a: ,: : u: u,元音 vowels (20个),小学音标教程,12,_, p b t d k g , f v sz, h w j , t d , tr dr tsdz,m n l r , ,辅音 consonants (28个),小学音标教程,13,单元音,Single Vowles,Lesson 1,小学音标教程,14,_, i: i e ,a: : u: u, : ,单元音 vowels (12个),小学音标教
5、程,15,小学音标教程,16,car far dark half palm laugh aunt basket,Read the words, a: ,ar,al,au,a,小学音标教程,17,小学音标教程,18,pork horse daughter because tall talk door floor more store,Read the words,or au al oor ore, :,小学音标教程,19,小学音标教程,20,earth heard nurse hurt skirt firm her person word work,What letter or letter g
6、roup makes,:?,ear,ur,ir,er,or,小学音标教程,21,小学音标教程,22,he she Chinese,e,see feet sheep,ee,eat read meat,ea,field believe belief,ie,receive seize,ei,/i:/,What letter or letter group makes /i:/ ?,小学音标教程,23,we me she knee tree sheep three canteen These Chinese,i:,小学音标教程,24,小学音标教程,25,Read the words,mood boot
7、 zoo,move whose,ruler June,soup group,o,oo,u,ou,小学音标教程,26,小学音标教程,27,Read the words,bus run luck nothing love country young,u,o,ou,小学音标教程,28,sunny lunch duck but jump fun run hundred much just, ,v,小学音标教程,29,小学音标教程,30,sorry dog copy wash what,Read the words,o,a,小学音标教程,31,socks not of hot sorry tock do
8、nkey long off stop, ,c,小学音标教程,32,小学音标教程,33,ago again address,hundred parent,water teacher worker,today policeman,colour doctor,a,e,er,o,or/our,小学音标教程,34,小学音标教程,35,busy very lady,y,/ i /,live miss rich,i,beside decide elect,e,village courage cottage,a,小学音标教程,36,i,milk minute fish window fit rabbit is
9、 music his fifteen,小学音标教程,37,小学音标教程,38,cook look foot would could should put July,U,oo,oul,u,小学音标教程,39,Read the words,full could took good wood cook put stood pull foot,小学音标教程,40,Good, better, best. Never let it rest. Till good is better. And better best.,前元音，嘴半开，嘴角向两边展开呈扁形。,飞天喷火龙,小小龙,bed bel e,e,恐龙
10、蛋,e e e,小学音标教程,41,bread head dead weather,ea,/e/,bed fed ten best,a,anything many,e,小学音标教程,42,e,leg egg bed desk pen elephant get seven yes eleven,小学音标教程,43,小学音标教程,44,Words to read,sad mad man bad apple hat glad fact stand family fat cat bag,/,a,小学音标教程,45,pants map at cap can many has black splash s
11、alad,小学音标教程,46,双元音 Double Vowels (8),Lesson 2,小学音标教程,47,小学音标教程,48,white rice write ice like nice time ride,ai,小学音标教程,49,Read the words,I life quiet mind price night die shy white lie high,小学音标教程,50,Tongue twister,Mike likes to write by the bright light at night. 2.Some people laugh, some people cry;
12、 some give up and some still try; some will say hi when some say bye; some will forget you but will never I!,小学音标教程,51,小学音标教程,52,cake face name make place take snake grape baby potato,ei,小学音标教程,53,face same game play waste hate late hay complain famous,Read the words,小学音标教程,54,小学音标教程,55,Read the wor
13、ds,Boys and girls, please pay attention to “ oy ”! boy toy joy soy annoying employ,小学音标教程,56,Read the words,Now please pay attention to “ oi ”! oil soil boil coin point noise,小学音标教程,57,小学音标教程,58,Read the words,beer deer pioneer peer ear,hear near fear clear tear appear,here mere,小学音标教程,59,小学音标教程,60,
14、Read the words,dare care share bare rare hair flair fair stair repair pear wear where,小学音标教程,61,Tongue Twister,The pear tree bears a pear, Under the pear Theres a baby bear, The baby bear plays a pear.,小学音标教程,62,小学音标教程,63,Read the words,sure unsure poor moor tour,小学音标教程,64,Tongue Twister,Sure sure s
15、ure, Poor poor poor, Im sure you know Im poor, So I cant go to make a tour.,小学音标教程,65,小学音标教程,66,how about shout cow loud mouse ground hour crown mouth,Read the words,小学音标教程,67,小学音标教程,68,Coke those hold OK over so go potato tomato photo,u,小学音标教程,69,road coat goat boat load cold smoke go home hope,Rea
16、d the words,小学音标教程,70,辅音28个,小学音标教程,71,辅音 Consonants (28个) 1.爆破音 p Practice makes perfect. b Barry found a big bug on her bed. t This is a hat, thats a cap. d The doorman told David to go down. k Dont kit the kitten. g A good beginning makes a good ending.,小学音标教程,72,小学音标教程,73,p 发这个音的字母和字母组合p pp p: pi
17、ano panda parrot pet ship sheep pig stop pp: apple happy,小学音标教程,74,小学音标教程,75,b 发这个音的字母和字母组合b bb b: book ball bird big boy bag banana bb:rubber rabbit cabbage,小学音标教程,76,pb pay - bay pear bear pen - Ben pig - big,pb cap - cab lap - lab tap - tab rope - robe,小学音标教程,77,小学音标教程,78,t 发这个音的字母和字母组合 t tt t: t
18、able tea taxi cat rat fat ticket Tt: butter matter,小学音标教程,79,小学音标教程,80,d 发这个音的字母和字母组合d ed d: duck seed door desk day red head bed read cold ed: smiled opened played,小学音标教程,81,td town down tie die tear dear touch Dutch,td bent bend right ride lent lend bet bed,小学音标教程,82,小学音标教程,83,k发这个音的字母和字母组合c k ck
19、c: cap cook cup car can class k: cook milk key desk kite cake ck: clock sock cock neck,小学音标教程,84,小学音标教程,85,g发这个音的字母和字母组合g gg g: glass golf get girl bag goat flag gg: egg,小学音标教程,86,kg Kate gate card guard could good coat goat,kg pick pig flak flag back bag Lock log,小学音标教程,87,两清辅音一起时，后一个清辅音变成浊辅音，或叫浊化s
20、p sb st sd sk sg,speak spit spy study star start sky school screen,小学音标教程,88,摩擦音 f If you buy fish, make sure its fresh. v Victor is very clever. Thank you for your table cloth. Those are far and these are near. s Sandy has a new swimming suit. z What size of shoes does Daisy wear?,小学音标教程,89,小学音标教程,
21、90,f发这个音的字母和字母组合f ff ph gh f: five fan flower fish four leaf ff: giraffe ph: phone elephant photo gh: laugh,小学音标教程,91,小学音标教程,92,v发这个音的字母和字母组合v ve v: video vase vest ve: five love violin,小学音标教程,93,小学音标教程,94,s发这个音的字母和字母组合s c ss ce s: star sun snake sea see c: pencil city cedar ceiling celebrate ss: gr
22、ass glass class boss ce: face race rice nice,小学音标教程,95,小学音标教程,96,z发这个音的字母和字母组合z s se z: zero zebra zoo s: bags photos sisters se: nose rose,小学音标教程,97,小学音标教程,98,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: three thin third teeth mouth,小学音标教程,99,小学音标教程,100,发这个音的字母和字母组合th th: father mother brother clothes weather,小学音标教程,101, su
23、re, she, social, nation Wash the fish, please. pleasure, television George measured the garage with pleasure.,小学音标教程,102,小学音标教程,103, 发这个音的字母和字母组合s sh s: sugar sure sh: ship sheep wash cash shop she,小学音标教程,104,小学音标教程,105,3发这个音的字母和字母组合s s: television, usually, Asia measure a garage, an unusual collisi
24、on; a great decision; my pleasure,小学音标教程,106,破擦音 t He teaches children how to play chess. d John likes to tell jokes. tr Therere lots of trucks in the street. dr He likes strong drinks. ts The students are wearing white shirts. dz Take away your dirty hands.,小学音标教程,107,小学音标教程,108,t发这个音的字母和字母组合ch tch
25、 ch: teacher peach cherry chair tch: watch match,小学音标教程,109,小学音标教程,110,d3发这个音的字母和字母组合g j dge g: ginger giraffe j: jump job jam ge: orange cabbage cage,小学音标教程,111,小学音标教程,112,ts 发这个音的字母和字母组合ts tes ts: seats goats coats cats pets eats tes: gates kites dates tastes,小学音标教程,113,小学音标教程,114,dz 发这个音的字母和字母组合d
26、s des ds: seeds woods friends birds beds des: rides,小学音标教程,115,小学音标教程,116,tr 发这个音的字母和字母组合tr tr: tree truck trousers strawberry trick,小学音标教程,117,小学音标教程,118,dr 发这个音的字母和字母组合dr dr: draw drink driver dragon dry,小学音标教程,119,鼻音 m May I have some milk, mum? n Nora knows the new comer. Lingling is listening t
27、o the song.,Compare n n ng /nk inink sin-sing thin-thing thanthank son-song,小学音标教程,120,小学音标教程,121,m 发这个音的字母和字母组合m mb m: mouth mouse milk monkey moon money mum mb: climb comb thumb,小学音标教程,122,小学音标教程,123,n发这个音的字母和字母组合n kn gn n: nose net nut banana noodles train rain plane down kn: knee knife knock gn:
28、 sign,小学音标教程,124,小学音标教程,125,发这个音的字母和字母组合n ng n: ink bank tank finger ng: sing hang song king reading running,小学音标教程,126,小学音标教程,127, h have hot, who whole hate house Helen holds her hands.,小学音标教程,128,小学音标教程,129,r 发这个音的字母和字母组合r rr wr r: rice room ride road rose rr: mirror carrot parrot wr: write wrong
29、 wrap,小学音标教程,130,小学音标教程,131,舌边音: l land, world 如果在后面 读 little, middle, castle，puzzle What a beautiful bicycle!,小学音标教程,132,l 发这个音的字母和字母组合l ll l: look light lock lucky lion tail ll: ball pull dollar tell,小学音标教程,133,小学音标教程,134,半元音: w wall, what, answer The homework every week is very hard.,小学音标教程,135,w
30、发这个音的字母和字母组合 w: winter window watch water well would wh: white where which when why wheel whale,小学音标教程,136,小学音标教程,137,6) 半元音: j yes yellow year Yes, your yellow skirt is wet.,小学音标教程,138,j发这个音的字母和字母组合y y: yo-yo yogurt yard yes you your,小学音标教程,139,成音节m，n，l,英语辅音字母中有 3 个辅音m，n，l是响音，它们和辅音音素结合，也可构成音节，也叫成音节
31、。它们构成的音节往往出现在词尾，一般是非重读音节。如： apple pl ， table teibl， middle midl, little litl， garden ga:dn，lesson lesn, physical fisikl ， realism ri:lizm 等等。,小学音标教程,140,语音的基本常识 1、音节的划分 一个单词的音标中有几个元音就有几个音节。 2、重读音节 任何双音节或多音节单词的音标中，有重读音节和非重读音节 ，哪一个音节重读，该音节的左上方或该音节的元音上方标有重读符号“”。 3、浊化音 以sp_, st_, sk_开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k
32、/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/。 4、定冠词the的读音 e.g. the man c.f. the old man,小学音标教程,141,5、不完全爆破 爆破音p b t d k g 后面紧跟另一个爆破音时，前面的那个爆破音只在口腔内形成阻碍，而不能完全读出。 e.g. basketball the part of the earth 6、连读 在一个短语或句子中，如果相邻两词的关系相等密切，而前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，辅音和元素连在一起读。 7、意群的停顿 对于一个较长的句子，可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群,一个意群必须一口气说完。,小学音标教程,142,Lets play a game,1.ai hv pen . 2.hi: iz t :l. 3.it iz buk .,小学音标教程,143,4.i: iz dkt . 5. ai m ti:t . 6. sm b:dz : sii .,