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1、Noun Clauses,(名词性从句),The good news is that there is a lot we can do to help . I dont know where he has gone. 3. We know little about what causes air pollution . 4. We all know the fact that Lily got the first prize. 5. Which book I should choose has not been decided.,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,（主语从句）,（同位语从句）,考点1
2、: what,whatever,who,whoever,1._ was said here must be kept secret. 2. _we need is more time. 3._ made the long distance call to him is not important. 4._ breaks the law will be punished. 5. Please give the book to _ wins the first prize.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,whoever,Wh-ever 既可引导状语从句,也可引导名词性从句,W
3、hatever I said, he wouldnt listen to me. He would believe whatever I said. Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. Whoever rings, tell him Im out.,No matter what,anything that,Anyone who,No matter who,考点2: “if” and “whether”,1. I dont know _Ill be free tomorrow. 2. I dont know _ o
4、r not Ill be free tomorrow. 3. The question is _ this book is worth reading. 4.Send me a telegram you are to come. 5. _ you like it or not, you must do it well.,whether / if,whether,whether,if,Whether,6. It depends on _ we will have enough money. 7. _ they can do it matters little to us. 8._ you are
5、 not free tomorrow , Ill go without you.,a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句、 介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether， 不能用if ； b.后面紧跟 or not 时, 用whether c. 引导让步状语从句用whether d. 引导条件状语从句用if,whether,Whether,If,1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。 _ is a pity . 2.他来不来不重要。 _doesnt matter.,It doesnt matter whether,That he made such a mistake,It is a pity that,考
6、点 3 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法, it 作形式主语,Whether he will come or not,用 it 作形式主语的that- 从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：,a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary that有必要 It is important that重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显,b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to all that 从所周知 It has been decided that 已决定
7、,c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common sense that 是常识 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It appears that 似乎 It happens that 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起,* (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容， 常用于这些动词后， like/dislike/love/hate /appreciate/make后常跟if 或when从句, it 作形式宾语,*(1) make /f
8、ind/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that / to do,I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .,1. Ive got to make clear that he told a lie. 2. I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (2004 NMET) A. this B. that C. it D. one 3. 他发现很难使别人理解他. He found _. 4. 我认为我们保持冷静很重要. I
9、think _.,it,it difficult to make himself understood.,it,it important that we should keep calm .,考点4: 语序问题,1.The photographs will show you _ （MET89） A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like,2.You can hardly imagi
10、ne _when he heard the news . A. how he was excited B. how was he excited C. how excited he was D. he was how excited,考点5: that 与what 引导的名词性从句,1. What 可引导名词性从句中的主语从句 、宾语从句和表语从句。,1）What he said is true. 2) The boss came up to ask what was the matter. 3) That is what he has told me.,注意: 与that 引导名词性从句不同
11、的是: what 除了起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语 、宾语、 表语等句子成分。,1）What is worth doing is worth doing well. 2) What they need badly are doctors. 3) That was what he did this morning.,2. 有时what 相当于定语从句中的关系代词和先行词，等于the thing that.,Show me what you have bought.,注意：what 的这种用法还可以表示时间（the time that)、地点（the place that)、人物（the pe
12、rson that)、数目（the number/ amount that)等。,1）After what seemed a long wait, the results were announced.,2) Last summer he made a trip to what was once a battlefield. 3) She is no longer what she was five years ago. 4) Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.,“what” or “that”,The greatest fa
13、ult is _ you are careless. _ she saw gave her a little fright. _ you are coming to London is the best news I have heard. I will prove to the world _ he was right. I dont care about money or about _ people call position. Is the city much different from _ it was ten years ago? The fire destroyed _ was
14、 in the building.,that,What,That,that,what,what,what,考点六：同位语从句与定语从句：,The news _ our team won the first prize excited all of us . The news _ we know from her excited all of us . 3.They put forward the question _ they could get the money. 4.This is the place _ the accident happened.,that,that,where,wh
15、ere,同位语从句,定语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,Perseverance is a kind of qualityand thats _ it takes to do anything well. A.what B.that C.which D.why,2. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited
16、,3. Energy is _ makes thing work. A.what B.something C.anything D.that,4. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A.why B.where C.what D.how,6. -What about your history test? -Ive answered all the questions, but Iam not sure _ Ive got them all right. A.what B.how C.th
17、at D.whether,7. _ seems strange to us is _ the troublesome boy is getting along well with all his teachers. A.It; that B.What; how C.It; how D.What;that,8. I rang you at about nine, but there was no reply. -Oh, that was probably _ I was seeing the doctor. A.why B.when C.what D.that,9. When you answe
18、r questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants. A.what B.which C.when D.that,10. People have heard what the President has said; they are waiting to see _ he will do. A.how B.what C.when D.that,11. The other day, my brother drove his car dow
19、n the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. A.as B.which C.what D.that,12. We cannot figure out _ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A.that B.as C.why D.when,13. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A.what B.which C.that D.where,14. I thi
20、nk Father would like to know _ Ive been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A.which B.why C.what D.how,15. Would you tell me _ you want your tea, with sugar or milk? -Sugar, please. A.whether B.when C.what D.how,16. At last the soldiers reached _ the locals called the Golden Triangle
21、. A.that B.where C.when D.what,17. Ill write a letter to _ people are on the list. A.any B.all C.whoever D.whichever1,18. _ the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is known now. A.不填 B.Whenever C.What D.When,19. _ words I use can not express my appreciation of your timely help. A.Whatever B.How ma
22、ny C.No matter what D.Whichever,20. In some countries, _ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public. A.which B.as C.that D.what,21. _ is Britain now used to be three different countries and over many years the three countries became one. A.It B.What C.Where D.As,22. _ David says sounds
23、right to Helen. Thats why she has made up her mind to leave him _ happens. A.Whatever; whatever B.No matter what; whatever C.No matter what; no matter what D.Whatever; however,23.There is a common belief among them _ rubbish can and should be put to good use. A.which B.if C.whether D.that,24. A stor
24、y goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A.when B.where C.what D.that,25. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A.which B.that C.what D.whether,26. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need _. A.that; to be improved B.which; to be improved C.where; improving D.when; improving,