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1、英语国际音标表(48个)元音(20个)长儿曰/ d/?:/ ?:/i:/U:/短元音/ ?/?/?/?/ ?/e/? /e ?/a ?/?/双3/?/e ?/?/?/a ?/辅音(28个)轻辅首/p/ t/ k/f/ 0 /s/浊辅首/b/d/g/v/e/z/轻辅首/?/ h/ts/t ?/tr/浊辅首/?/ r/dz/d ?/dr/篁土 界日/m/n/?/干儿日/ j/ w/边音/ ?英语语音名词解释1 音节:以元音为主体构成的发音单位,一般说来元音发音响亮,可以构成音节,辅音发音不响亮,不能单独构成音节( m n l 例外)。从单词拼写形式上看,有几个元字组就有几个音节。2 音节的划分在两
2、个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时,一个辅字组属于前面的音节,一个属于后面的音节。 例如: let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时,如果前面音节里的元音是长元音则辅字组属于后面一个音节,如果前面一个音节里的元音是短元音,则辅字组属于前面一个音节。例如:长元音pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短元音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er3 重读音节:单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号。单音节
3、词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。4 开音节绝对开音节: 单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。 例如: no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如: name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-045 闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组( r w y 除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如:bag egg fish not cup 0-056 双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。 例如: stu-dent sec-ond au-tumn 。
4、含有 a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如: a bout before excuse repair7 多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。例如: el-e-phant con-grat-u- l a-tion词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词, 在 -ic 或-sion,-tion前的个音节上重读。 例: scien tificimpression英语单词发音规则、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母a 在开音节中在闭音节中e 在开音节中在闭音节中i 在开音节中在
5、闭音节中例词读音ei name plane Jane baby cake? bag dad hat map black backi: he these me Chinesee bed let pen desk yes eggai bike fly drive time nice kitei fish big drink sit milk swimo 在开音节中 ou those close go hoe home no在闭音节中? clock not box shop socku 在开音节中 ju: student excuse duty Tuesday在闭音节中A bus cup jump
6、much lunch在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j、l、r、s后面时读u:音,例:June blue ruler super二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音a在w音后面发音为?如:want what watch wash qualitya在f n sk ph sp ss st th 前发音为a 如:afterplant graph ask grasp glass fast fatheri在-nd、-ld 和gh前发音为ai 如:find child light high。在-st -ld前发音为ou 如: most postcard old cold。在 m n v th 前发音为A 如
7、:come monkey love mother二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母 读 音 例 词 编 号a China another woman breakfast 2-01i orange comrade village cabbage 2-02e hundred student open moment 2-03i chicken pocket begin children 2-04i /i holiday beautiful family animal 2-05ai exercise satellite 2-06o second tonight somebody welcome
8、2-07u also zero photo 2-08u autumn difficult 2-09ju(:) popular congratulation January 2-10动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读ei音,例如:operate 2-11u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读u(:)音,例如:July influence February issue 2-12在非重读音节中,许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作 音,也可以读作i 音。三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读 音 例 词 编 号a在w音后面want what watch wash qual
9、ity3-01a 在 f n sk ph sp ss st th 前 _:after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3-02i在-nd -ld 和gh前aifind child light high3-03。在-st -ld 前oumost postcard old cold3-04。在m n v th 前come monkey love mother3-054、 -r 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号arar 在 w 音后面 _: car farm dark sharpener 4-01: warm quarter
10、 towards 4-02oror在w音后面 :forty morning short 4-03: word worker worse 4-04er ir ur : certainly bird Thursday 4-05辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如: carry berry mirror sorry hurry4-06-r 音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读 音,例如: dollar teacher martyr comfortSaturday5、 -re 音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号are car
11、e dare hare 5-01ere i here mere 5-02ire ai fire hire wire 5-03ore : more score before 5-04ure ju pure cure 5-05完整的 -re 音节 are ere ire ore 很少出现在非重读音节中, ure 在非重读音节中读 音,例如: picture pleasure非重读音节中 -re 音节的变体通常发r 音,例如: salary 5-06重读音节中元音字母加r ,再加非重读元字组时,元音字母和r 构成 -re 音节的变体,按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母 r读r音。例如: parent z
12、ero inspiring story during5-07某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如: orange very American paragraph forest spirit 5-08六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 元音字组 读 音 例 词 编 号 ai/ay ei afraid rain wait day play 6-01air air hair chair pair repair 6-02alal在f m前: small ball talk wall all 6-03:l always also salt almost 6-04 _: half calm 6-05
13、au/aw : autumn daughter draw 6-06ea i: teach easy cheap please 6-07e heavy bread sweater weather 6-08ei break great 6-09ear i hear dear near clear year 6-10bear pear wear swear 6-11: earth learn early 6-12ee i: jeep week green three 6-13eer i pioneer deer beer 6-14ei/ey ei eight neighbour they 6-15e
14、u/ew在 j l r 后 ju: new few newspaper 6-16u: flew brew jewelry 6-17ie/s 音后拼写为 ei i: piece field receive seize 6-18oa ou coat Joan boat goal 6-19oar/oor : roar board door floor 6-20oi/oy i noise point boy toilet 6-21oo u: broom food tooth school 6-22u book look cook foot good 6-23ou/ow au flower house
15、count down 6-24u know row throw though 6-25 young country enough 6-26u: group you soup through 6-27our : course your four 6-28au our hour ours 6-29: journey 6-30uiui 在j l r s 后ju:i fluid suicide tuition 6-31u: juice fruit suit 6-32九、辅字组的读音辅字组 读 音 例 词 编 号b b bike bus bag 9-01/ bomb tomb lamb climb 9-
16、02cc在 e前或在 i/y 前k cake picture coat music 9-03s face decide cinema 9-04ch much chick rich teacher 9-05k school headache chemistry 9-06 machine Chicago9-07-ck k cock pocket black knock 9-08d d doctor bread hand day 9-09-dge bridge fridge 9-10dr- dr children driver drink 9-11f f five four breakfast 9-
17、12gg 在 e i/y 前 bag gardon go 9-13 orange large German 9-14-ghgh- f cough enough rough 9-15 sorghum spaghetti ghost 9-16gu- -gue guess league dialogue guitar 9-17w language anguish penguin 9-18h h hot head house hand 9-19/ hour honest honor 9-20j jeep jar joke join July 9-21k k kind bike skate make w
18、eek 9-22kn- n knife know knock 9-23l l life milk school tall 9-24m m monkey come tomato 9-25- mn m autumn column solemn 9-26nn 在k g 音前n not shine ten note 9-27? uncle thank hungry 9-28- ng ? morning young wrong 9-29p p paper plane pig ship pen 9-30ph f elephant photo telephone 9-31- q/-que k Iraq ch
19、eque 9-32qu- kw quality quite quarter 9-33r r red rubber ruler 9-34s在音节开头或清辅音前在元音字母间或浊辅音前s sit sleep desk 9-35z music husband 9-36sc- sk scarlet scout Scotland 9-375 muscle science 9-38sh she fish shirt wash 9-39t 在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io 前 t ten letter meet 9-40 patient nation 9-41tch watch catch match
20、9-42th 在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词连词中在词尾-the -ther中H thin thirty method 9-43委 the these with than 9-44委 clothe father weather 9-45tr- tr tree train country truck 9-46v v very voice love leave 9-47w w week win wake sweet wait 9-48/ answer two 9-49wh-wh-在字母。前w what when white why 9-50h who whose whole 9-51x在重读元音前ks box text exercise 9-52gz example exist exact 9-53wr- r write wrong wrist 9-54y- j yes yard yellow young 9-55z z puzzle zero zoo 9-56 英语 26个字母发音法(26个字母及其音标)A B C D E F Ge bi si di i Gf dIiH I J K L M NetN a0 dIe ke Gl Gm GnO P Q R S T Uo pi kju Ar Gs ti juV W X Y Zvi dKblju Gks wa0 zi