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1、超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,一个美丽的女孩 a beautiful girl,beautiful,（形容词作前置定语）,一个穿白色衣服的女孩,a girl in white,in white,（介词短语作后置定语）,一个正唱歌的女孩,a girl is singing,who,is singing,（定语从句）,定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。 形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译成“的”。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。,什么是定语？,超详细初中英语
2、语法定语从句及练习,Li Ming is a boy.,Li Ming has a pair of _ glasses.,形容词作定语,在复合句中，对一个名词或代词进行修饰或限定的从句叫做定语从句。,good,Li ming is a boy who/that is good.,从句做定语,red,Li Ming has a pair of glasses which/that is red.,从句做定语,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句（没有逗号隔开）,The Non-Restrictive At
3、tributive Clause 非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开）,He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.,The novel , which I have read three times, is very toughing.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,先行词,引导词(关系词）,从句,Li ming is a boy who/that is good.,（被修饰的名词或代词）,（跟在先行词后，引导从句的词）,修饰先行词的句子,一、定语从句结构分析：先行词+引导词+从句,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,This is the card that
4、 Ive just received.,先行词（被修饰的名词或代词）,引导词（引导从句的词）,从句,关系代词,关系副词,who,that ,which , whom, whose,Where, when,why,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,二、引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who，whom，that which，that whose，of which where when why,关系代词,关系副词,关系代词做句子成分 关系副词不做句子成分,什么是句子成分？,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,五大基本句型,1.主语+谓语vi,2.主语+谓语vt
5、+宾语,3.主语+谓语Vt+宾语+宾语,4.主语+谓语Vt+宾语+宾补,5.主语+系动词+表语,成分：主语or宾语,缺成分找代词 不缺找副词,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,1.Harry Porter is a boy _has magic power. 2.Do you know the man _ we saw at the Beijing Hotel? 3.I know the girl _mother is a teacher. 4.Hospital is a place _a doctor works,Who/that,where,whose,whom,超详细初中英语语法定语从句
6、及练习,实战演练,1.This is beijing_is beautiful.2.This is beijing_I vivsted. 3.This is beijing_I lived. 4.There is a house_roof is broken.,which/that,which/that/不,where/in which,whose,主 代词宾 代词 不缺 副词 的 所属,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,1.He is the teacher _ can speak French. 2. Im not interested in the book_ has just been
7、 published. 3. The teacher praised the student _English is the best in our class. 4. I still remember the day _ I first came to the school. 5.I want to know the place _ I was born. 6.I know the reason _ he was late.,Who/tnat,which/that,when,where,why,whose,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,1.Do you know the reason _
8、she was late.,2. This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I visited last week. 3. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent with you. 4. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _ he told me. The reason _he explained is not true.,where
9、,which,when,which,why,which,which,why,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,whose 在定语从句中作定语,表示引导词与 whose 后的名词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。,This is the book whose cover is blue.,This is the book of which the cover is blue,This is the book the cover of which is blue,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Do you know the girl? Her ha
10、ir is very short in our class,Do you know the girl whose hair is the hair of whom very short in our class?,He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday,He is the student whose pencil the pencil of whom I broke yesterday.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Mr King was quickly taken to hospital. Her legs were badly
11、hurt.,Mr King, whose legs were badly hurt, was quickly taken to hospital.,We shall make a decision about Ms King. I have told you her story.,We shall make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have told you.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,.,The chair is being repaired now. The legs of the chair are broken.,The
12、chair,whose legs are broken the legs of which are broken, of which the legs are broken is being repaired now.,The boss of the company told the story about . His name was Mr Little.,The boss of the company, whose name was Mr Little, told the story about Ms King,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,This teacher is liked
13、by all the students. I work with her son.,This teacher,with whose son I work, is liked by all the students,The boss had heard about the accident. Mr King worked in his department.,The boss in whose department Mr King worked had heard about the accident.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,1 The river _are covered with
14、 trees is very long. A which banks B of which banks C whose the banks D the banks of which 2 she likes to use words _is clear to him. A of which the meaning B of which meaning C whose of meaning D meaning of which 3 Themanager_company they worked agreed _their decision. A which, with B in which, to
15、C whose, with D in whose, with 4 Look! The dictionary ,_is red, is a birthday gift given by my parents. A which cover B the cover of which C the whose cover D that the cover 5 Mr Brown,_, works as the manager of the company. A we got here in his car B we got here by car C in whose car we got here D
16、by whose car we got here,D,A,D,B,C,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,6 Will you please show me the girl _name is Linda? A who B whom C whose D which 7 It was a meeting ,_importance I did not realize at the time. A which B of which C its D whose 8 Do you know who is living in that house _windows face south? A whose B
17、 which C which of D its 9 what about the watch price is 100 yuan？ A that B its C which D whose 10 We telephoned the man home we lived in 1996. A whose B in whose C of which D his 11 Mark Twins , for _life had once been very hard, wrote many famous novels. A whose B who C whom D his 12 There is a mou
18、ntain _is always covered with snow. A whose the top B of which top C its top D of which the top,C,D,A,D,B,C,D,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,As 也可以用来引导定语从句.,当先行词与as,so,such,the same 连用或先行词本身是such,the same时,关系代词用as. As在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。,1.He is not such a man as only thinks of himself. 2.I should like to use the same
19、pen as I used yesterday. 3.Such problems as are often mentioned should be solved. 4.I will read as many books as are required. 5. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we
20、got together finally came. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today
21、. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。,Ill ne
22、ver forget the day when I joined the league,on which,where在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。,This is the house where I lived two years ago.,in which,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,why在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词for+ 关系代词（which）”。,Do you know the reason why she was late.,It rained heavily, for which he was late for the class.
23、,1. This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I visited last week. 2. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent with you. 3. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _ he told me. The reason _he explained is not true.,where,which,when,w
24、hich,why,which,which,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,“介词关系代词(whom/which)”引导定语从句应注意： 1介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yester
25、day, _ most people had had supper.,on which,during which,in which,by which,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?,
26、for which,on which,from which,about which,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab. The boy to whom you want to talk is in the lab., The boy is in the lab. You want to talk to him,The boy (whom/that) you want to talk to is in the lab.,The boy to whom you want to talk is in t
27、he lab.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习, This is the boy. I sit behind him.,This is the boy (whom/that) I sit behind.,This is the boy behind whom I sit.,Do you find the pen? I wrote with it just now,Do you find the pen (which/that) I wrote with just now?,Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,超详细初中英语语法定语
28、从句及练习,关系代词作介词宾语的几种结构：,1.介词 + whomwhich,The woman general still remember the day on which she joined the army,2.介词 短语 + whichwhom,The fisherman lived in a small house in front of which lies a well.,3. 不定代词 或数词 +whichwhom,There are many books here , none of which belongs to me. China has a lot of famo
29、us writers, one of whom is Luxun.,4.名词+ of which,Sh mentioned a magazine,the title of which I have forgotten.,She mentioned a magazine,the title of which I have forgotten.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,part of whom/which,There are 23 students in our class, A:_(他们都） love mothers deeply. B:_ （大多数） are from country
30、side. C:_ （有些）are from Xiabancheng D:_（没有一个）are from Beijing,all of whom,most of whom,some of whom,none of whom,There are 23 students in our class. (,and) A:_ (他们都） love mothers deeply. B:_ （大多数） are from countryside. C:_ （有些） are from Xiabancheng D:_ （没有一个） are from Beijing,all of them,most of them
31、,some of them,none of them,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Every student has many books, A:_（大多数）are textbooks. B:_ （一些） are extra curricular books. C:_ （其余的）are reference books. D:_（没有一本）are novels. E:_（有几本）are English books.,most of which,some of which,the rest of which,none of which,several of which,超详细初中英语语法定语
32、从句及练习,1.Do you know who lives in the： building_there is a well? A.in front of it B. in front of whose C.in front of which D.in front which 2.Ill never forget the day_I joined theLeague. A.on which B.in which C.which D.at which 3.The woman_my brother spoke just now is my teacher. A. who B.to whom C.t
33、o who D whom 4.Jeanne was her old friend,_she borrowed a necklace. A.from who B.from whom C.to that D.to whom 5.His glasses,_he was like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke its leg. A.which B.with which C.without which D.that,C,A,B,B,C,做做试试,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,6.she is a teacher of much knowledge,
34、_much can be learned. A.who B.that C. from which D.from whom 7.He built a telescope_he could study the skies. A.in which B.with that C.through which D.by it 8.Do you know the reason_he was late? A.that B.which C.for what D.for which 9.I have bought two ballpens,_writes well. A.none of which B.neithe
35、r of which C.none of them D.neither of them 10.The Second World War_millions of people were killed in 1945. A.during which B.in that C.where D.on which,D,C,D,B,A,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,11.China has many rivers,_the Changjiang River is the longest. A.which B. in which C.among which D. one of which 12.This
36、is the very knife_I used to cut apples yesterday. A.that B.by which C.which D.with which 13.The speed_which you drive your car mustnt too high. 14.In the park there are many flowers,the colour_ which is bright and nice. 15.The little girl is reading a book,_which there are many pictures. 16.What wer
37、e the things_which he was not too sure,C,D,at,of,in,of,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,17.They held a meeting,_which the hospital director made a speech. 18.The book,_which he paid 6 yuan,is worth reading. 19.Is this the man_whose house the police found the lost coloured TV? 20.The villagers dug along tunnel_which
38、 they could go to the fields without being found by the Japanese soldiers. 21.Wu Dong,_whom I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much. 22.The stories about Long March,_which this is one example,are well written.,at,for,in,through,with,of,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,1.He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten wind
39、ows,most of _had not been cleaned for at least one year. 2.In the dark street, there was not a single person _ _she could turn for help. 3.China has a lot of islands ,the largest_ _is Taiwan. 4.The old lady had one son and two daughters,_ _ _treated her well, _made her very sad. 5.There are forty st
40、udents in our class,_ _20 are girls; the rest are boys.,which,To whom,of which,none of which,which,of whom,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my
41、father bought last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _ father is a business man? 7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 8.Ive never heard of the people and thing
42、s _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Exercise 2.,My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?,that,that,that,当先行词是something, anything,
43、nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,that,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree? 7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,当主句是who或which 引导的特殊
44、疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Jack saw a bicycle advertisement in a newspaper. The price was 68 dollars. So he went to the shop and asked to see the bicycle. The salesman was happy to show him . Jack checked the bicycle carefully. Soon,he said , “There isnt a lamp on this bic
45、ycle ,but there was one on the bicycle in the ad.” “Yes ,sir,” answered the man , “but the lamp isnt included in the price of the bicycle. “Not included in the price of the bicycle ?” Jack said angrily, “but the lamp was in the ad.It should be in the price.” “Well ,sir ,” answer the shop owner coldl
46、y, “there was also a girl on the bicycle in the ad ,but we cant give you a girl with the bicycle,either.” It is an ad _ Jack is a person_ The bicycle in the ad is the one _,超详细初中英语语法定语从句及练习,Match the two sentences 1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. _